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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 888-897.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

小黑杨双单倍体生长性状及解剖结构分析

许云博1, 张恒1, 刘彩霞2, 王萌1, 刘宇航1, 王秋宇1, 买明远1, 曲冠证1()   

  1. 1.林木遗传育种全国重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨 150040
    2.木本油料资源利用全国重点实验室,中南林业科技大学,长沙 410004
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 曲冠证 E-mail:gzqu@nefu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:许云博(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事林木遗传育种研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2200203)

Analysis of Growth Traits and Anatomical Structures of Doubled Haploid Lines of Populus simonii × P. nigra

Yunbo XU1, Heng ZHANG1, Caixia LIU2, Meng WANG1, Yuhang LIU1, Qiuyu WANG1, Mingyuan MAI1, Guanzheng QU1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040
    2.State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004
  • Received:2025-08-29 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-27
  • Contact: Guanzheng QU E-mail:gzqu@nefu.edu.cn

摘要:

与传统育种相比,双单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)诱导技术能够有效缩短纯合系的育种周期,在短时间快速获得林木纯合系。由于林木单倍体诱导困难,难以建立规模化的遗传群体,因此,目前关于林木DH群体遗传变异的研究鲜有报道。该研究以小黑杨亲本和4个DH系为材料,对其生长性状、叶片表型和解剖学特征开展测定与统计分析,结果显示:不同DH系存在明显的生长缺陷,DH系的株高、地茎、茎节数量、叶长、叶宽、叶面积等指标均显著低于亲本。顶芽解剖结构分析结果显示,亲本与DH顶端分生组织生长点存在差异;茎部石蜡切片及组织染色观察分析显示,DH系的形成层数量较少,单个导管细胞平均面积小,而导管和纤维细胞数量均极显著高于亲本。该研究结果表明,DH植株在次生生长方面存在缺陷,可为后续研究特定基因功能解析和育种策略优化提供材料基础。

关键词: 小黑杨, 双单倍体, 生长性状, 解剖结构

Abstract:

Compared with traditional breeding method, the doubled haploid (DH) induction technology can effectively shorten the breeding cycle and quickly obtain homozygous lines of trees. Due to the difficulty in inducing DH in trees, it is hard to establish large-scale DH genetic populations, therefore, there are currently few reports on the genetic variation of DH populations in trees. In this study, the growth traits, leaf phenotypes and anatomical characteristics of donor tree of Populus simonii × P. nigra and four DH lines were analyzed. The results showed that the DH lines had obvious growth defects. The height, ground diameter, number of stem nodes, leaf length, leaf width and leaf area of DH lines were significantly lower than those of donor trees. Anatomical analysis of the apical buds revealed distinct morphological differences in the apical meristem growth points between donor trees and DH lines. The observation and analysis of the paraffin sections of the stems and the tissue staining showed that the vascular cambium of DH lines was relatively smaller, the average area of each vessel cell was smaller, and the number of vessel and fiber cells was significantly higher than that of donor trees. This study revealed the defects of DH lines in secondary growth, and will provide a material basis for subsequent research on the function analysis of specific genes and the optimization of breeding strategies.

Key words: Populus simonii × P. nigra, doubled haploid, growth traits, anatomical structures

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