北京平谷地区次生林栓皮栎枝叶挥发性物质组分分析及对机械损伤的响应

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2019.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析栓皮栎枝叶挥发性物质的组成成分以及对机械损伤的响应。本文通过气质联用（GC/MS）方法比较分析了北京平谷地区天然次生林林栓皮栎枝叶机械损伤前、后挥发性气体VOCs主要成分和相对含量。（1）栓皮栎枝叶中的挥发性物质有酯类、烷烃类、萜烯类、芳香烃类、醛酮类、醇类、烯烃类以及其他含氮、氯、硫等物质等8大类，其中酯类和烷烃类含量最多，约占总物质含量的30.32%~41.60%和30.02%~33.14%；（2）虽然机械损伤前、后挥发性物质的组分和含量均有所变化，但是每一类物质主要成分基本保持一致，其中主要成分有酞酸二丁酯、2-甲基-1-己醇、2，6，10-三甲基十四烷、3-亚甲基-1，1-二甲基-2-乙烯基环己烷、十四烷、十九烷、油酸酰胺、壬醛、癸醛等；（3）机械损伤随栓皮栎枝叶挥发性物质成分及含量均产生了不同程度的影响。机械损伤后总挥发物含量均有明显的增加，其中明显增加的组分有：萘、d-柠檬烯、（Z）-3，7-二甲基-1，3，6-十八烷三烯、4-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯、酞酸二丁酯、乙酸己酯、苯甲酸丁酯、3-亚甲基-1，1-二甲基-2-乙烯基环己烷等化合物。栓皮栎枝叶8大类挥发性物质中酯类和烷烃类含量最多；机械损伤后，萘、d-柠檬烯、4-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯、酞酸二丁酯等物质均有明显的增加，这些物质对昆虫具有一定的驱避作用，这可能是栓皮栎的一种化学防御策略来响应和免受外界虫食等胁迫的侵害。另外，机械损伤后许多组分也发生了不同程度或是小幅度的变化，其变化机理和生态功能尚未知晓，有待进一步研究。

关键词: 挥发性物质, 机械损伤, 防御, 次生林

Abstract: The experiment was conducted to study the component of VOCs released by branch and leaf of Quercus variabilis and response to mechanical injury in Beijing Pinggu. The plant volatile organic compounds(BVOCs) from branches and leaves of Q.variabilis were collected and analyzed with GC-MS. Eight kinds of volatile components, such as esters, alkanes, terpenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and ketones, alcohols, alkenes, as well as other N-containing, S-containing and Cl-containing compound were detected. Esters and alkanes were the main components of Q.variabilis, and account for 30.32%-41.60% and 30.02%-33.14% of the total plant volatile organic compounds content. The comparison of undamaged and mechanically-damaged leaves of Q.variabilis indicated that they had similar VOCs, while the components and contents of volatile substances changed. Dibutyl phthalate, 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, Tetradecane, 2,6,10-trimethyl-, Cyclohexane, 2-ethenyl-1, 1-dimethyl-3-methylene-, Tetradecane, Nonadecane, 9-Octadecenamide,(Z)-, Nonanal, Decanal, etc. were the main components. Mechanical damage brings different degree effects on components and relative content of volatile organic compounds of Q.variabilis branches and leaves. Naphthalene, d-Limonene, 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-,(Z)-,4-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, Dibutyl phthalate, Acetic acid, hexyl ester, Benzoic acid, butyl ester, Cyclohexane, 2-ethenyl-1,1-dimethyl-3-methylene-could be induced and their content increased obviously after mechanical damage. Esters and alkanes were the main VOCs components of Q.variabilis. The contents of naphthalene, d-Limonene, 4-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, Dibutyl phthalate were increased obviously after mechanical damage and these substances had certain ecological function and effect on the anti-herbivory. This may be a chemical defense strategy of Q.variabilis in response to herbivory or against external stress. In addition, many components also changed at different degree or small amplitude after mechanical damage. It's to be further studied on their change mechanism and ecological function.

Key words: BVOCs, mechanical injury, defence, secondary forest

中图分类号:

S731

张玉婷, 王小菲, 倪妍妍, 刘建锋, 江泽平. 北京平谷地区次生林栓皮栎枝叶挥发性物质组分分析及对机械损伤的响应[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(1): 35-44.

ZHANG Yu-Ting, WANG Xiao-Fei, NI Yan-Yan, LIU Jian-Feng, JIANG Ze-Ping. Component Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds Released by Branch and Leaf of Quercus variabilis and Response to Mechanical Injury in Beijing Pinggu[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(1): 35-44.

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