凉水原始阔叶红松林与白桦次生林植物多样性的比较研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2015.06.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用典型抽样法和生态群落学调查法对黑龙江凉水国家级自然保护区紫椴（Tilia amurensis）红松（Pinus koraiensis）林、蒙古栎（Quercus mongolica）红松林及白桦（Betula platyphylla）次生林的植物群落结构特征和物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明，紫椴红松林有维管束植物31种，隶属21科，25属；蒙古栎红松林有维管束植物32种，隶属25科，28属；白桦次生林有维管束植物31种，隶属20科，28属。白桦次生林乔木层和草本层的物种丰富度S指数显著高于2种阔叶红松林，而其灌木层的物种丰富度S指数最低；3种林型乔木层的Simpson物种多样性指数无显著差异，紫椴红松林的灌木层Simpson指数显著高于其他2种林型，3种林型草本层之间的Simpson指数差异显著；紫椴红松林乔木层的Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数显著低于其他2种林型，白桦次生林灌木层的Shannon-Wiener指数显著低于2种阔叶红松林，蒙古栎红松林草本层的Shannon-Wiener指数最高；此外，蒙古栎红松林乔木层的Pielou均匀度指数显著高于其他林型，而3种林型灌木层的Pielou指数无显著差异，紫椴红松林草本层的Pielou指数最低。

关键词: 阔叶红松林, 白桦次生林, 植物多样性, 物种多样性

Abstract: We used typical sampling and community-ecology survey methods to study the plant community structure and species diversity of Amur linden(Tilia amurensis)-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) forest, Mongolian oak(Quercus mongolica)-Korean pine forest and Birch(Betula platyphylla) secondary forest in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve. There were 31 vascular plant species in Amur linden-Korean pine forest, belonging to 21 families and 25 genuses. There were 32 vascular plant species in Mongolian oak-Korean pine forest, belonging to 25 families and 28 genuses. There were 31 vascular plant species, belonging to 20 families and 28 genuses in Birch secondary forest. The species richness index S of tree layer and herb layer of Birch secondary forest were significantly higher than two kinds of broadleaved-Korean pine forest, and the shrub layer was lowest. Based on Simpson species diversity index, there was no significant difference between tree layers of three forest types, the shrub layer of Amur linden-Korean pine forest was significantly higher than the other two forest types, and the herb layers of three forest types were totally different. Based on Shannon-Wiener species diversity index, the tree layer of Amur linden-Korean pine forest was significantly lower than the other two forest types, and shrub layer of Birch secondary forest was significantly lower than the other two broadleaved-Korean pine forest, but the herb layer of Mongolian oak-Korean pine forest was highest. Pielou species homogenous index of tree layer of Mongolian oak-Korean pine forest was significantly higher than the other two forest types, there was no significant difference between shrub layers of three forest types, and the herb layer of Amur linden-Korean pine forest was lowest.

Key words: broadleaved-Korean pine forest, birch secondary forest, plant diversity, species diversity

中图分类号:

邹莉1；张国权1；萨喜雅尔图2；于洋1；唐庆明3. 凉水原始阔叶红松林与白桦次生林植物多样性的比较研究[J]. 植物研究, 2015, 35(6): 945-951.

ZOU Li1；ZHANG Guo-Quan1；SAXI Yaertu2；YU Yang1；TANG Qing-Ming3. Plant Diversity of Virgin Broadleaved-Korean Pine Forest and Birch Secondary Forest in Liangshui[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 945-951.

参考文献

1.于立忠,于水强,史建伟,等.不同类型人工阔叶红松林高等植物物种多样性［J］.生态学杂志,2005,24(11):1253-1257.

2.孙惠杰,宋国华,蔡晓达,等.原始阔叶红松林植物群落多样性研究——不同森林群落类型及环境因子对物种丰富度的影响［J］.林业勘查设计,2005(1):64-67.

3.陈贝贝,赵秀海,倪瑞强,等.长白山阔叶红松林乔木树种幼苗组成与空间分布［J］.东北林业大学学报,2012,40(10):75-79.

4.褚建民,卢琦,崔向慧,等.人工林林下植物多样性研究进展［J］.世界林业研究,2007,20(3):62-67.

5.夏富才,潘春芳,赵秀海,等.长白山原始阔叶红松林林下草本植物多样性格局及其影响因素［J］.西北植物学报,2012,32(2):0370-0376.

6.陈灵芝,生物多样性保护现状及其对策［M］.//钱迎倩,马克平.生物多样性研究的原理与方法.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995:13-36.

7.Grau H R,Arturi M F,Brown A D,et al.Floristic and structural patterns along a chronosequence of secondary forest succession in Argentinean subtropical montane forests［J］.Forest Ecol Manage,1997,95:161-171.

8.王树力,葛剑平,刘吉春.红松人工用材林近自然经营技术的研究［J］.东北林业大学学报,2000,28(3):22-25.

9.王庆贵,邢亚娟.黑龙江省东部山区森林植物物种多样性的研究［J］.植物研究,2007,27(1):125-128.

10.李雪梅,王树力.长白山北坡次生林的树种多样性与胸径多样性［J］.植物研究,2014,34(4):542-546.

11.于洋,邹莉,孙婷婷,等.小兴安岭原始红松林的植被多样性［J］.草业科学,2013,30(8):1175-1181.

12.徐丽娜,金光泽.小兴安岭凉水典型阔叶红松林动态监测样地物种组成与群落结构［J］.生物多样性,2012,20(4):470-481.

13.中国自然地理编写组.中国自然地理［M］.北京:高等教育出版社,1986:161-182.

14.钱迎倩.生物多样性研究的原理与方法［M］.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1994.

15.Magurran A E.Ecological diversity and it measurement［M］.London:Croom Helm Limited,1988:7-80.

16.孙伟中,代力民,章一平.椴树阔叶红松林群落主要树种径级结构研究［J］.生态学杂志,1997,16(1):19-22.

17.郝占庆,陶大立,赵士洞.长白山北坡阔叶红松林及其次生白桦林高等植物物种多样性比较［J］.应用生态学报,1994,5(1):16-23.

18.张彩虹,朱教君,闫巧玲,等.长白山北坡原始林与次生林植物物种多样性比较及影响因素分析［J］.东北林业大学学报,2009,37(11):52-55.

19.Gracia M,Montane F,Pique J,et al.Overstory structure and top ographic gradients determining diversity and abundance of understory shrub species in temperate forests in central Pyrenees(NE Spain)［J］.Forest Ecology and Management,2007,242(2/3):391-397.

[1]	丛明旸, 李永坤, 阳文静, 陈朴青. 镜泊湖世界地质公园火山口地下森林苔藓植物多样性[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(3): 361-369.
[2]	尹凤玲, 刘旻霞, 刘成, 王明星, 席可. 单户与联户经营对高寒草甸土壤理化性质与植物多样性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(2): 261-271.
[3]	王敏, 周润惠, 余飞燕, 董洪君, 陈聪琳, 喻静, 郝建锋. 不同林龄桉树人工林林下物种多样性和生物量的动态变化[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(4): 496-505.
[4]	关钥元, 朱思雨, 易照勤, 吴妍, 穆立蔷. 哈尔滨市主要城市绿地特征和耦合关系[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(4): 578-589.
[5]	丛明旸, 唐录艳, 李金江, 张美萍, 陈宝政, 徐跃跃. 渤海国上京龙泉府宫城遗址苔藓植物物种多样性[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(2): 229-238.
[6]	张潇月, 齐锦秋, 张柳桦, 王媚臻, 李婷婷, 鱼舜尧, 郝建锋. 人为干扰对金马河温江段护岸林物种多样性和土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(1): 78-86.
[7]	刘岩, 毛子军. 小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列森林细根生物量的研究[J]. 植物研究, 2018, 38(4): 583-589.
[8]	吴萍萍. 山西历山千金榆群落物种多样性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2018, 38(2): 195-200.
[9]	夏莹莹, 江泽鹏, 刘凯, 侯立英, 毛子军. 不同经营措施对油茶林下植物多样性影响研究[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(6): 887-896.
[10]	韩淑婷, 田桂泉, 韩淑美. 大青沟国家自然保护区不同植被类型地面生苔藓植物物种多样性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(5): 664-672.
[11]	丛明旸, 曹迪, 陈国平, 陈宝政, 孙丰宾. 燕山和太行山过渡区植物多样性垂直变化特点[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(5): 673-681.
[12]	耿兆鹏, 毛子军, 黄唯, 韩营营. 小兴安岭原始阔叶红松林与枫桦次生林土壤呼吸及其各组分特征的比较研究[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(2): 312-320.
[13]	红霞, 田桂泉, 乌日嘎玛拉. 内蒙古准格尔黄土丘陵区不同植被类型地面生苔藓植物物种多样性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(5): 712-720.
[14]	杜京旗, 张巧仙, 田晓东, 王悦, 许馨云, 宋丽, 袁自强. 云顶山亚高山草甸植被分布、物种多样性与土壤化学因子的相关性[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(3): 444-451.
[15]	邢亚蕾1,2；魏天兴1,2*；葛根巴图1,2. 鹫峰国家森林公园残次林物种多样性及生态位特征[J]. 植物研究, 2015, 35(6): 915-922.