不同生长时期青稞种子内生细菌群落动态研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

青稞（Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste）是一种适应高寒环境的粮食作物，在农业可持续发展和生态系统稳定中发挥重要作用。为揭示不同生长时期青稞种子内生细菌群落动态变化规律，选取4个青稞品种，在不同生长阶段采集种子样品，并通过16S rRNA高通量测序技术解析种子内生细菌群落结构。采用Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Chao1指数和ACE指数评估青稞种子内生细菌群落α多样性，并分析群落组成及其随生长阶段的演替特征。结果表明：青稞种子内生细菌群落多样性在不同品种间相对稳定，但在灌浆期种子内生细菌群落α多样性显著低于其他生长阶段。变形菌门（Proteobacteria）在所有生长阶段均占主导地位，其他主要菌门包括拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteriota），其相对丰度随生长阶段变化。种子期的优势菌属为不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter），灌浆期的优势菌属为芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）和假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas），成熟期则以黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）和乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）为主。基因型对青稞种子内生细菌群落结构具有显著影响，不同品种间群落组成存在差异。综上，该研究证实青稞种子内生细菌群落组成和多样性随生长阶段变化，并受基因型影响。不同阶段的群落组成和多样性特征表明，内生细菌可能通过促进养分吸收、合成植物生长激素、增强环境胁迫耐受性及抑制病原微生物等机制，在青稞生长发育过程中发挥重要的促进与保护作用。该研究可以为进一步解析其生态功能及分子调控机制提供科学依据。

关键词: 青稞, 种子, 内生细菌, 多样性, 高通量测序

Abstract:

Highland barley is a grain crop adapted to alpine environments and plays a crucial role in agricultural sustainability and ecosystem stability．To elucidate the dynamic changes in endophytic bacterial communities in highland barley seeds across growth stages，seed samples from four varieties were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing．Alpha diversity was assessed using Shannon，Simpson，Chao1 and ACE indices，and community composition and its succession across growth stages were analyzed．The results showed that the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities in highland barley seeds remained relatively stable among varieties but significantly decreased during the grain-filling stage．Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum at all growth stages，with other dominant phyla including Bacteroidota，Firmicutes，and Actinobacteriota．The relative abundance of these phyla varied significantly with growth stages and exhibited variety-specific characteristics．Acinetobacter was the dominant genus at the seed stage，Bacillus and Pseudomonas prevailed during the grain-filling stage，and Flavobacterium and Lactobacillus were most abundant at maturation．The results also indicated that genotype significantly influenced the structure of endophytic bacterial communities，resulting in compositional differences among varieties．The community composition and diversity characteristics at different developmental stages suggest that endophytic bacteria may play crucial promotive and protective roles in the growth and development of hulless barley by facilitating nutrient acquisition， synthesizing plant growth hormones， enhancing tolerance to environmental stresses， and suppressing pathogenic microorganisms， thereby providing a scientific basis for further elucidation of their ecological functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms.

Key words: highland barley, seeds, endophytic bacteria, diversity, high-throughput sequencing

中图分类号:

S181.4

王兰, 周迪, 薛曌, 王东旭, 郭小芳, 德吉. 不同生长时期青稞种子内生细菌群落动态研究[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(6): 965-974.

Lan WANG, Di ZHOU, Zhao XUE, Dongxu WANG, Xiaofang GUO, Ji DE. Dynamics of Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Highland Barley Seeds at Different Growth Stages[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(6): 965-974.

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品种 Variety	生长时期 Growth stage	香农指数 Shannon index	辛普森指数 Simpson index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index
藏青2000 Zangqing 2000	种子期Seed stage	5.40±0.30^a	1.00±0.01^a	170.00±68.90^a	187.00±77.40^a
	灌浆期Grain-filling stage	2.30±0.50^a	0.70±0.20^a	20.80±8.30^a	26.70±15.10^a
	成熟期Maturity stage	2.80±2.10^a	0.60±0.50^a	37.90±30.10^a	—
藏青320 Zangqing 320	种子期Seed stage	4.10±1.10^a	0.90±0.10^a	62.90±39.60^a	70.30±42.50^a
	灌浆期Grain-filling stage	2.50±1.20^a	0.70±0.30^a	15.10±5.20^a	16.90±6.52^a
	成熟期Maturity stage	4.90±0.30^a	0.90±0.01^a	102.00±10.50^a	124.00±19.90^a
喜马拉雅22号 Himalayan 22	种子期Seed stage	3.58±1.40^a	0.79±0.16^a	56.10±33.60^a	58.70±41.90^a
	灌浆期Grain-filling stage	0.82±0.56^a	0.28±0.25^a	17.10±5.38^a	22.70±7.84^a
	成熟期Maturity stage	4.62±0.56^a	0.94±0.03^a	68.70±24.50^a	96.80±31.60^a
藏青13-5171-7 Zangqing 13-5171-7	种子期Seed stage	3.59±0.79^a	0.85±0.05^a	46.70±16.00^a	48.90±19.50^a
	灌浆期Grain-filling stage	1.08±0.59^a	0.41±0.26^a	4.50±0.87^a	6.47±1.63^a
	成熟期Maturity stage	4.16±1.02^a	0.88±0.10^a	56.10±32.80^a	71.30±46.70^a