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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 975-983.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.014

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国野生茶藨子属物种多样性与分布格局

白宏超1, 赵熙明1, 邓睿2, 刘宇宁1, 杜玉啸1, 郑宝江1,3()   

  1. 1.东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨 150040
    2.黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,哈尔滨 150040
    3.东北亚生物多样性研究中心,哈尔滨 150040
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 郑宝江 E-mail:zbjnefu@126.com
  • 作者简介:白宏超(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事种子植物分类学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100502-3);东北亚生物多样性项目(2572022DS08)

Species Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Wild Ribes in China

Hongchao BAI1, Ximing ZHAO1, Rui DENG2, Yuning LIU1, Yuxiao DU1, Baojiang ZHENG1,3()   

  1. 1.College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040
    2.Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150040
    3.Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center,Harbin 150040
  • Received:2024-12-25 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-27
  • Contact: Baojiang ZHENG E-mail:zbjnefu@126.com

摘要:

中国是世界茶藨子属(Ribes L.)植物分布中心之一,为了揭示中国茶藨子属的物种多样性特征和分布规律,探讨其与环境因素的关系,该研究通过野外植物调查、标本鉴定及资料分析等方法对中国茶藨子属植物进行系统研究。结果表明:(1)中国共有野生茶藨子属植物56种,分属6个亚属,即醋栗亚属(subg. Grossularia)、茶藨子亚属(subg. Ribes)、单性花亚属(subg. Berisia)、臭茶藨子亚属(subg. Coreosma)、簇花亚属(subg. Hemibotrya)和密刺亚属(subg. Grossularioides)。(2)中国野生茶藨子植物主要分布于西南、西北和东北3个地区,物种丰富度最高的是西北地区,分属5个亚属34种,其次是西南地区有4个亚属30种,而东北地区共有6个亚属16种。(3)中国野生茶藨子属植物垂直分布格局明显,随着纬度降低,茶藨子属植物集中分布的海拔逐渐升高;纬度较高的东北地区,茶藨子属植物分布在海拔700~2 100 m,集中分布在海拔700~1 500 m;中纬度的西北地区,分布于海拔1 000~3 000 m,集中分布在海拔1 000~2 000 m;低纬度的西南地区,茶藨子属分布于海拔2 500~5 000 m,集中分布在海拔2 500~4 000 m。(4)中国茶藨子属特有种共有25种,其中,西南地区分布有19种、西北地区有15种、东北地区无中国特有种,中国其他地区另有3种特有种分布。茶藨子属植物区域特有种分布明显,分别为西南12种、西北9种和东北8种,西南、西北和东北3区无共有种分布。综上,中国茶藨子属物种组成呈现出明显的地理分布格局,不同地区的物种组成存在差异,该研究揭示了中国茶藨子属的物种多样性特征和分布规律。

关键词: 中国, 茶藨子属, 物种多样性, 水平分布, 垂直分布

Abstract:

China is one of the distribution centers of Ribes L. plants in the world. In order to reveal the characteristics of species diversity and distribution patterns of Ribes L. in China, and to explore its relationship with environmental factors, the field surveys, specimen identification and data analysis were conducted. The results showed that: (1)There were 56 species of wild Ribes L. plants in China, belonging to six subgenera: subgenus Grossularia, subgenus Ribes, subgenus Berisia, subgenus Coreosma, subgenus Hemibotrya and subgenus Grossularioides.(2)Wild Chinese Ribes L. plants were mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast regions, the northwest region had the highest species richness, with 34 species belonging to five subgenera, followed by the southwest region with four subgenera and 30 species, and the northeast region had six subgenera and 16 species. (3)The vertical distribution patterns of wild Ribes L. plants in China were remarkable, and the elevation of the concentrated distribution of Ribes L. gradually increased with the decrease of latitude. In the higher elevational northeast region, Ribes L. plants were distributed in the elevation range from 700 to 2 100 m, and concentrated in the elevation range of 700 to 1 500 m. In the middle elevation northwest region, Ribes L. plants were distributed in the elevation range of 1 000 to 3 000 m, and concentrated in the elevation range of 1 000 to 2 000 m. In the lower elevation southwest region, Ribes L. plants were distributed in the elevation range of 2 500 to 5 000 m, and concentrated in the elevation range of 2 500 to 4 000 m.(4)There were 25 endemic species of the Ribes L. in China, including 19 species in the southwest, 15 species in the northwest, none in the northeast, and three endemic species in other regions of China. The distribution of regional endemic species of the Ribes L. was obvious, with 12 species in the southwest, nine in the northwest and eight in the northeast, respectively. No common species were found in the southwest, northwest and northeast regions. In conclusion, the species composition of the Ribes L. in China showed a distinct geographic distribution pattern, the species composition varied in different regions, and this study revealed the species diversity characteristics and distribution pattern of the wild Ribes L. plants in China.

Key words: China, Ribes L., species diversity, horizontal distribution, vertical distribution

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