Flower Characters Variation of Different Individuals of Catalpa bungei
MA Wen-Jun, YANG Gui-Juan, WANG Jun-Hui, ZHAO Kun
2020, 40(3):
386-393.
doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2020.03.009
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Catalpa bungei is important hardwood timber and ornamental tree in the central China. It has been cultivated more than 2 600 years. Study on the diversity of flower traits reveals the huge intraspecific phenotype variation of flower in C.bungei, and would provide useful information for identification and protection of new variety and theoretical basis for flower color and excellent ornamental cultivars in Chinese C.bungei breeding project. Superior individual and hybrids F1 were collected in 1985-1990. A total of 27 individuals, and two qualitative and 7 quantitative traits of flower were analyzed using variance analysis and cluster analysis methods. ①The difference of flowering phenology of 27 individuals was up to 5 d. The flower size, inflorescence length, number of flower per plant of the 27 individuals showed significant differences. In addition, different individuals showed a characteristics of explicit flower and implicit flower because of difference of the length of petiole and the length of flowering branch. ②C.bungei is didynamous stamen, which divided into male fertile and sterile. Twelve of the 27 individuals that in survey were male fertile. There was a significant difference in the amount of pollen. ③The flower is trilobation with five lips, which has two-sectional upper lip, three-sectional lower lip, and the length of upper lip flap is larger than the lower lip. The length of flower branch, length of inflorescence, amount of flower of single flower branch, length of upper lip of flower, length of lower lip of flower and corolla diameter of 27 individuals have significant differences. The value changes were 10.7-16.4 cm, 5.6-9.6 cm, 2-13 flower, 3.8-5.2 cm, 3.0-4.3 cm and 3.9-5.4 cm, respectively. The coefficients of variation were 12.8%, 12.5%, 36.7%, 7.5%, 9.1% and 9.2%, respectively. ④The L* value(the value of brightness or black and white), a* value(red and green value), b* value(yellow and blue value), C* value(chroma), and h value(hue) between the 16 individuals were significantly different. The coefficients of variation of the a* value, b* value and chroma C* value were 35.1%, 52.5% and 29.8%, respectively; measuring color with L*, a* and b* value, the 16 individuals were clustered into 3 categories, red, pink and white by cluster analysis. The length of flower branch, length of inflorescence, and size of flower of the 27 individuals of C.bungei have significant differences. The color of the 16 individuals also have obvious variation. According to the L*, a* and b* value by cluster analysis, the 16 individuals were clustered into 3 groups, red, pink and white when the value of Euclidean distance is 15.
