Photosynthetic Capacity Differentiation and Gene Transcription in Different Geographical Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana under Common Garden conditions

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.01.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Photosynthesis is a basic metabolism process for plants and provides the material basis for plant growth and development. Different environmental conditions determine the polymorphism of plant photosynthetic capacity， but the mechanisms regulating the divergence of photosynthetic capacity among different populations under the same environmental conditions remain still unknown. This study aims to reveal the divergence of photosynthetic capacity in different geographical populations of Arabidopsis thaliana in Europe under common garden conditions and the mechanisms of their gene transcriptional regulation. A comparative study of photosynthetic characteristics of 23 geographic A. thaliana（Arabidopsis） populations from different regions was conducted under common garden conditions by determining the gas exchange parameters， chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and SPAD values. In addition， the photosynthetic-related gene expressions of the typical populations with differences in photosynthetic capacity was examined using real-time quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）. The comparative result revealed that gas exchange parameters differed significantly among geographical populations of Arabidopsis from different climatic zones in Europe. The variation range of net photosynthetic rate was 2-11 μmol·m^-2·s^-1.while chlorophyll fluorescence parameters varied to a lesser extent， the variation range was almost no more than 10%. Cluster analysis showed that the 23 Arabidopsis populations were divided into two groups， strong and weak photosynthetic ability respectively. The populations with strong photosynthetic capacity were mainly distributed in central and western Europe， and the average net photosynthetic rate was 7.37 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. The populations with weak photosynthetic capacity were mainly distributed in eastern and southern Europe with an average net photosynthetic rate of 4.46 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between net photosynthetic rate， water use efficiency and SPAD. The results of redundancy analysis（RDA） suggested that the divergence of photosynthetic capacity in Arabidopsis might be related to environmental factors such as temperature and rainfall during the growing season in the region. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of PSⅡ- and Rubisco-related genes were significantly higher in En-D and Stw-0， typical populations with strong photosynthetic capacity， than in Wa-1 and Per-1， typical populations with weak photosynthetic capacity， suggesting that transcriptional differences in PSⅡ and Rubisco genes could be involved in the regulation of photosynthetic capacity differentiation in populations. The results clarified that there were differences in photosynthetic capacity between geographic populations of Arabidopsis under common gardens， and such differences might be related to the environment of origin and have been inherited to future generations during long-term evolution. In contrast， the transcriptional regulation of PSⅡ and Rubisco-related genes might be involved in the differentiation of photosynthetic capacity in Arabidopsis.

Key words: Photosynthesis, common garden conditions, PSⅡ-related gene, rubisco gene, gene expression

CLC Number:

Q945.3

Mengshuo LI, Yingze LIU, Huan LU, Sheng QIANG. Photosynthetic Capacity Differentiation and Gene Transcription in Different Geographical Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana under Common Garden conditions[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(1): 90-99.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Information of primer pairs used for RT-qPCR experiments

基因 Gene	基因ID Gene ID	引物（5′→3′） Primer（5′→3′）	扩增产物大小 Size of amplicon /bp	注释 Annotation
PsbP	AT1G06680	F：5'-CCTCCTAGGGAAACAAGCTTAC-3′ R：5′-CCTGAGATGATGACTCCAGAATG-3′	79	光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）的亚单位 Subunits of Photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ）
CP22	AT1G44575	F：5′-ATTACCGGGAAAGGAGCATTAG-3′ R：5′-ATGGCAGCGAAGAAGAAGAA-3′	110	PSⅡ相关的色素结合蛋白 PSⅡ-related pigment-binding protein
CAB1	AT1G29930	F：5′-GAAGGTGAAGGAGCTCAAGAA-3′ R：5′-ATGGTCAGCAAGGTTCTCTATC-3′	109	捕光复合体Ⅱ（LHCⅡ）的亚单位 Subunit of light-harvesting complex Ⅱ（LHCⅡ）
LHCB6	AT1G15820	F：5′-ATACCGGCGATCAGGGATA-3′ R：5′-TTCTCAAAGTCCGGCTCATAAA-3′	97	PSII的捕光复合体LHCⅡ The light-harvesting complex LHCⅡ of PSⅡ
Psa2	AT2G34860	F：5′-CCTGCTTCTCCGTTTCTATCTG-3′ R：5′-TGGGTAGTCTCTGAGGAAGAAT-3′	119	调节光系统Ⅰ（PSⅠ）的组装 Regulates the assembly of Photosystem Ⅰ（PSⅠ）
LHCA6	AT1G19150	F：5′-CCGGTGGAAGATTAATGAGAGAG-3′ R：5′-GAGCTACCAGGGAACCATAAAG-3′	112	PSⅠ外周天线蛋白 PSⅠ peripheral antenna protein
CBR	AT5G17770	F：5′-CATTTACGCCAACGTCACATAC-3′ R：5′-CAACACCACCATCCCATACT-3′	134	编码细胞色素还原酶 Encodes cytochrome reductase
RbcS1A	AT1G67090	F：5′-AATTTCCGGACTTAACGTTTGTTT-3′ R：5′-CATCAGACAGTTGAGAATCCGATAGA-3′	69	编码Rubisco小亚基 Encodes the Rubisco small subunit
RbcS1B	AT5G38430	F：5′-GCCAAAGTGAAAAAACTGAAGGTT-3′ R：5′-AAGAGCAGAAATGAAGTGATATGAATAGA-3′	83	编码Rubisco小亚基 Encodes the Rubisco small subunit
RbcS2B	AT5G38420	F：5′-ACCCATTTCTATGTGGTCAATGC-3′ R：5′-TTCACTTTCAAACAATAGTTCCTCAAC-3′	80	编码Rubisco小亚基 Encodes the Rubisco small subunit
RbcS3B	AT5G38410	F：5′-CCTATTGTCTGTGTTCTTTTTCTCTTTATG-3′ R：5′-TCAAGACGCACGGATATATAAATTACA-3′	99	编码Rubisco小亚基 Encodes the Rubisco small subunit
SBP	AT3G55800	F：5′-GGGAAATGGCAGCATGTAAAG-3′ R：5′-TGTATTCGGAGTTGTCGAATGT-3′	97	编码景天庚-1，7-二磷酸酶 Encodes Sedoheptulose-1，7-bisphosphatase
FBP	AT1G43670	F：5′-ATGGTGGCTGCAGGTTATT-3′ R：5′-GAGATGGGTCCAGTGTAAATCC-3′	94	编码果糖-1，6-二磷酸酶 Encodes Fructose-1，6-bisphosphatase
RCA	AT2G39730	F：5′-GGGTATGGTTGACTCTGTCTTC-3′ R：5′-AGGCCTTGGCTAACGTATTC-3′	90	Rubisco活化酶，激活Rubisco Rubisco Activase，activates Rubisco

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.1

Table 4

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

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种群 Population	北纬度 Latitude /（°）	东经度 Longitude /（°）	净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate /（μmol·m^-2·s^-1）	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate /（mmol·m^-2·s^-1）	水分利用效率 Water use efficiency /（μmol·mol^-1）
变异系数 Coefficient of variation	—	—	40.30%	12.79%	40.61%
Aa-0	50.92	9.57	2.38±0.27g	6.27±0.05a	0.38±0.04i
Ak-1	48.07	7.63	4.78±0.32f	5.25±0.14de	0.90±0.05eh
Boot-1	54.49	-3.27	9.65±0.31ab	5.85±0.10ab	1.65±0.05bc
Bs-1	47.51	7.50	6.77±0.48cde	4.91±0.04f	1.37±0.09c
Bsch-0	50.02	8.67	8.94±0.25bc	5.55±0.04bcd	1.62±0.05bc
Ca-0	50.30	8.27	7.28±0.22bc	5.17±0.04def	1.41±0.04c
Col-0	38.30	-92.30	4.30±0.16f	5.54±0.06bcd	0.78±0.03hg
Ema-1	51.30	0.50	4.30±0.38f	3.94±0.04g	1.10±0.10cde
En-D	50.01	8.50	7.48±0.18bc	5.09±0.03def	1.47±0.03c
Hey-1	51.25	5.91	4.11±0.19f	6.12±0.04ab	0.67±0.03hg
Hs-0	52.25	9.44	11.03±027a	5.52±0.11bcd	2.00±0.05a
Kelsterbach-4	50.07	8.53	3.25±0.16fg	5.29±0.05de	0.62±0.03hg
Kz-9	49.50	73.10	5.29±0.22ef	3.77±0.17gh	1.45±0.09c
Ms-0	55.75	37.63	4.28±0.22f	5.20±0.05de	0.83±0.05h
Nw-0	50.50	8.50	6.36±0.44cde	3.40±0.09h	1.89±0.13ab
Per-1	58.00	56.32	3.14±0.38fg	5.60±0.08bcd	0.56±0.06g
Rd-0	50.50	8.50	3.17±0.24fg	5.04±0.26def	0.65±0.04hg
Se-0	38.33	-3.53	8.01±0.41bc	5.77±0.07b	1.40±0.08c
Stw-0	52.03	36.10	6.92±0.25cde	5.52±0.03bcd	1.25±0.04cd
Tscha-1	47.08	9.90	10.73±0.21a	4.98±0.04ef	2.16±0.05a
Tu-0	45.00	7.50	6.83±0.50cde	5.60±0.03bcd	1.22±0.09cde
Ty-0	56.43	-5.23	6.70±0.53cde	5.03±0.05ef	1.33±0.10c
Wa-1	52.30	21.00	4.64±0.42f	5.42±0.11bcd	0.87±0.08h

光合参数 photosynthetic parameter	P_n	T_r	W_UE	S_PAD	Y_Ⅱ	Y_NPQ	Y_NO	Q_NP	Q_N	Q_P	Q_L	R_ET
P_n	1
T_r	0.006	1
W_UE	0.917^**	-0.373	1
S_PAD	0.617^**	0.106	0.520^*	1
Y_Ⅱ	0.218	-0.138	0.253	0.255	1
Y_NPQ	-0.245	0.039	-0.226	-0.218	0.046	1
Y_NO	0.163	-0.163	0.194	0.356	0.396	-0.168	1
Q_NP	-0.391	0.254	-0.436^*	-0.392	-0.400	0.667^**	-0.509*	1
Q_N	-0.336	0.178	-0.346	-0.418^*	-0.363	0.740^**	-0.542^**	0.955**	1
Q_P	-0.079	0.192	-0.110	-0.314	-0.536^**	-0.109	-0.775^**	0.500*	0.525^*	1
Q_L	-0.153	0.212	-0.178	-0.386	-0.532^**	-0.010	-0.654^**	0.599^**	0.623^**	0.963^**	1
R_ET	0.152	0.093	0.113	-0.071	-0.421^*	-0.375	-0.584^**	0.192	0.173	0.817^**	0.705^**	1

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