Abstract: In order to discuss the drought-resistant mechanism of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa in anatomy, the comparative observation and analysis of anatomical structure of leaves of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa from the top of drifting sandy dune and inter-dunes grassland in Otindag Sandy Land, Ulmus pumila from Huhhot were demonstrated by using the method of slices of paraffin wax in this paper. The results showed that the anatomical structure of the leave showed notable differences owing to different environmental condition in spite of belonging to the same species. The drought resistance of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa from the top of drifting sandy dune whose habitat was the poorest was the strongest. Its leave was thick, and its epidermis cell was big. Its epidermis cell wall and cuticle were thick. Its palisade tissue was developed, and the cell of palisade tissue became smaller and densely arranged.

Key words: Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa, leave, anatomical structure, drought resistance