Foliar Epidermal Micromorphology of Eleven Species and One Variety of Simple-Leaved Sorbus

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.04.005

Abstract

Abstract:

To evaluate the taxonomic significance of leaf epidermal micromorphological characteristics， 11 species and one variety of simple-leaved Sorbus from sect. Aria and sect. Micromeles native to China were investigated using light microscopy（LM）and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results showed that the shapes of epidermal cells wereirregular or polygonal-irregular. Anticlinal wall of polygonal cells was straight or arched， and anticlinal wall of irregular cells was arched or wavy. The area of epidermal cells varied significantly among taxa， and the size of the upper epidermal cells was larger than the lower epidermal cells. Cuticular ornaments such as ridges， striations， wrinkles， secondary thickening， thickened areas， and epicuticular waxy ornamented with crusts， granules， threads， and platelets were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Leaves were glabrous or with trichomes， and the position， color， density， and type of trichomes were important characters for the segregation of the taxa. Stomatal apparatuses were anomocytic and distributed in areole of abaxial epidermis. Guard cells had annular outer edges， with or without T-piece at stomatal pole. The cell size， length， width， area， density， and index of stomata varied significantly among taxa. Therefore， foliar epidermal micromorphology proved to be valuable for simple-leaved Sorbus taxa definition and identification.

Key words: simple-leaved Sorbus, leaf epidermis, micromorphological characteristics, taxonomic implication

CLC Number:

Q949.751.8

Xueyan WEI, Baomei TAN, Chi ZHANG, Jiabao LI, Xin CHEN. Foliar Epidermal Micromorphology of Eleven Species and One Variety of Simple-Leaved Sorbus[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(4): 517-527.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 2

Leaf epidermis morphological features of simple-leaved Sorbus taxa（qualitative traits）

组

Section

分类群名称

Taxa

表皮细胞形状（上/下）

Epidermal cell shape（Ad/Ab）

垂周壁（上/下）

Anticlinal wall（Ad/Ab）

表面纹饰（上/下）

Cuticular ornamentation（Ad/Ab）

气孔外缘

Outer stomatal rim

冠萼组

Aira

冠萼花楸

S. coronata

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；*凹陷/不可见

Straight，Curved；

*Sunken/Invisible

*-/皱褶

*-/Wrinkles

凸起；环形外缘

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge

开云花楸

S. guanii

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；*凹陷/不可见

Straight，Curved；

*Sunken/Invisible

*-/不可见

*-/Invisible

凸起；环形外缘；两极T型加厚

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge；

T-piece at stomatal pole

江南花楸

S. hemsleyi

*多边形、不规则形/不规则形*Polygona，Irregular/Irregular

*平直、弧状/弧状、波状；隆起

*Straight，Curved/

Curved，Undulate；Raised

局部加厚/脊状、皱褶

Thickened areas/

Ridges，Wrinkles

凸起；环形外缘

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge

藏南花楸

S. heseltinei

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；隆起

Straight，Curved；Raised

*局部加厚/条状、脊状、皱褶

*Thickened areas/

Striaes，Ridges，Wrinkles

凸起；环形外缘

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge

大果花楸

S. megalocarpa

不规则形

Irregular

弧状、波状；隆起

Curved，Undulate；Raised

次生加厚、局部加厚

Secondary wall thickenings，

Thickened areas

凸起；环形外缘；两极T型加厚

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge；

T-piece at stomatal pole

雷公山花楸

S. needhamii

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；隆起

Straight，Curved；Raised

*次生加厚/条状

*Secondary wall thickenings/Striaes

凸起；环形外缘

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge

落萼组

Micromeles

毛背花楸

S. aronioides

*多边形、不规则形/不规则形

*Polygona，Irregular/Irregular

*平直、弧状/弧状、波状；隆起

*Straight，Curved/

Curved，Undulate；Raised

*次生加厚、局部加厚/条状、局部加厚

*Secondary wall thickenings，

Thickened areas/Striaes，Thickened areas

水平；环形外缘；两极有或无T型加厚

Level；Obvious annular outer edge；

With or without T-piece at stomatal pole

美脉花楸

S. caloneura var.

caloneura

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；隆起

Straight，Curved；Raised

*次生加厚/条状

*Secondary wall thickenings/Striaes

水平；环形外缘

Level；Obvious annular outer edge

广东美脉花楸

S. caloneura var.

kwangtungensis

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

*平直、弧状；凹陷/不可见

Straight，Curved；

Sunken/Invisible

*-/条状

*-/Striaes

水平；环形外缘；两极T型加厚

Level；Obvious annular outer edge；

T-piece at stomatal pole

棕脉花楸

S. dunnii

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；*隆起/不可见

Straight，Curved；*Raised/Invisible

*次生加厚、局部加厚/不可见

*Secondary wall thickenings，

Thickened areas/Invisible

水平；环形外缘

Level；Obvious annular outer edge

毛序花楸S. keissleri

*多边形、不规则形/不规则形

Polygona，Irregular/Irregular

*平直、弧状；凹陷/弧状，波状；隆起

*Straight，Curved；

Sunken/Curved，Undulate；Raised

*-/条状

*-/Striaes

水平；环形外缘

Level；Obvious annular outer edge

泡吹叶花楸S. meliosmifolia

多边形、不规则形

Polygona，Irregular

平直、弧状；凹陷

Straight，Curved；Sunken

*-/条状

*-/Striaes

凸起；环形外缘；两极T型加厚

Raised；Obvious annular outer edge；

T-piece at stomatal pole

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

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组 Section	分类群名称 Taxa	上表皮细胞面积 Cell area of adaxial epidermis/μm²	下表皮细胞面积 Cell area of abaxial epidermis/μm²	气孔长 Stomatal length/μm	气孔宽 Stomatal width/μm	气孔面积 Stomatal area/μm²	气孔密度 Stomatal density/（个·mm^-2）	气孔指数 Stomatal index/%
冠萼组 Aira	冠萼花楸 S. coronata	594.07±144.91g	448.58±111.67ef	24.37±2.88c	17.41±2.13e	407.21±82.69f	210.62±33.44h	0.11±0.01e
	开云花楸 S. guanii	428.70±93.18i	368.27±83.07g	26.31±3.55ab	20.10±2.70b	509.83±143.92b	239.45±38.08gh	0.11±0.02e
	江南花楸 S. hemsleyi	835.24±248.96c	473.07±172.96de	23.16±3.13d	18.47±2.55d	445.35±90.62de	167.38±22.88i	0.11±0.01e
	藏南花楸 S. heseltinei	661.04±133.98f	375.27±105.05g	21.74±2.58e	16.33±2.04f	368.70±74.55g	258.98±41.39fg	0.12±0.02e
	大果花楸 S. megalocarpa	1 083.48±267.21a	447.70±107.67ef	19.17±2.74f	16.29±2.26f	288.41±71.98h	435.19±108.38a	0.24±0.05a
	雷公山花楸 S. needhamii	515.33±120.79h	363.84±83.02g	24.42±3.98c	19.14±2.75c	442.19±100.09de	339.41±48.37cd	0.17±0.02c
落萼组 Micromeles	毛背花楸 S. aronioides	1 059.25±241.40a	713.18±187.96a	25.56±3.82b	20.19±2.17b	539.52±114.01a	273.85±71.26ef	0.20±0.04b
	美脉花楸 S. caloneura var. caloneura	742.74±203.80e	488.20±153.13d	25.99±4.18ab	20.95±2.99a	424.22±118.90ef	335.23±63.29d	0.17±0.04c
	广东美脉花楸 S. caloneura var. kwangtungensis	773.92±264.53de	541.84±165.69c	26.40±2.96a	20.38±2.52b	498.79±88.42bc	361.73±96.91bcd	0.24±0.05a
	棕脉花楸 S. dunnii	568.12±122.29d	442.93±96.62ef	24.71±3.20c	19.03±2.63c	450.43±98.92d	300.82±37.30e	0.15±0.02d
	毛序花楸 S. keissleri	968.85±227.34b	583.61±156.68b	25.62±3.34ab	19.28±2.42c	478.83±89.00c	384.51±67.41b	0.23±0.03a
	泡吹叶花楸 S. meliosmifolia	800.71±169.66d	424.62±113.69f	21.32±2.70e	17.23±2.34e	401.77±99.47f	371.96±72.74bc	0.18±0.03c

叶表皮性状 Leaf epidermal characters	上表皮细胞面积 Cellular area of adaxial epidermis	下表皮细胞面积 Cellular area of abaxial epidermis	气孔长 Stomatal length	气孔宽 Stomatal width	气孔面积 Stomatal area	气孔密度 Stomatal density	气孔指数 Stomatal index
上表皮细胞面积 Cellular area of adaxial epidermis	1
下表皮细胞面积 Cellular area of abaxial epidermis	0.410^**	1
气孔长Stomatal length	-0.137^**	0.140^**	1
气孔宽Stomatal width	-0.057^*	0.133^**	0.606^**	1
气孔面积Stomatal area	-0.079^**	0.170^**	0.395^**	0.369^**	1
气孔密度Stomatal density	0.150^**	-0.021	-0.182^**	-0.068	-0.172^**	1
气孔指数Stomatal index	0.361^**	0.214^**	-0.124^*	-0.016	-0.090	0.880^**	1

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