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中文
Table of Content
15 March 2005, Volume 25 Issue 1
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Possible mechanisms involved with the formation of leaf callus
ZU Yuan-Gang, YU Jing-Hua, TANG Zhong-Hua, MENG Qing-Huan
2005, 25(1): 1-2. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.001
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This paper attempted to illustrate the mechanisms of callus formation of plant leaf. The theory was proposed that the acid material in the culture medium maintained the plant leaf in the acid environment, and this led to fast degradation of cell wall, breaking away of protoplast from the cell wall. These free protoplasts will aggregation into callus, without fixed organization and functions and being ready to recombine or rebuild for the further differentiation. The acid condition in the culture medium played the most important role in the dedifferentiation of leaves and in the formation of callus, during this course plant cell wall was presumed to serve as signal carrier controlling the cell to finish the normal cell's cycle, not only as the inactive coat of cells.
Two new species of Cyanophyta from Jilin Province, China
XIAO Hong-Xing, XIU Jin, LIN Yi-Meng
2005, 25(1): 3-4. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.002
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Two new species of Cyanophyta from Mt. Wunü of Jilin Province are described in the paper:
Scytonema granulatum
H. X. Xiao et Xiu, sp. nov.;Schizothrix splendens H. X. Xiao et Xiu, sp. nov.
A new species of
Machilus
(Lauraceae) from Fujian Province, China
LIN Mu-Mu, QUE Tian-Fu, ZHENG Shi-Qun
2005, 25(1): 5-6. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.003
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A new species of the genus
Machilus
Nees(Lauraceae),
M. tingzhourensis
M. M. Lin, T. F. Que et Sh. Q. Zheng, from Fujian, China is described.
A new variety of
Jasminum
(Oleaceae) from Sichuan Province, China
LIU Jian-Lin
2005, 25(1): 7-7. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.004
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A new variety of
Jasminum
Linn. From Sichuan has been published in this paper. That is known as
J. seguinii
Levl. var.
panzhihuaense
J. L. Liu var. nov.
A new variety of
Sisymbrium
SUN Zhi-Ying, LI Fa-Zeng
2005, 25(1): 8-8. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.005
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A new variety of
Sisymbrium
is given. It is named
Sisymbrium luteum
(Maxim.) O. E. Schulz var.
glabrum
F. Z. Li et Z. Y. Sun.
Two new synonyms of
Corydalis
and Schizophragma
ZHU Chang-Shan, TIAN Chao-Yang, YUAN Zu-Li
2005, 25(1): 9-10. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.006
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Corydalis incisa
(Thunb.) Pers. var.
alba
S. Y. Wang is reduced as a synonym of
C. incisa
(Thunb.) Pers., and
Schizophragma integrifolium
Oliv. f.
cordatum
S. Y. Wang as a synonym of
S. corylifolium
Chun respectively.
The identity of
Rhamnus ussuriensis
J. Vass.
ZHAO Yi-Zhi, WANG Guang-Hui
2005, 25(1): 11-13. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.007
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Rhamnus ussuriensis
J. Vass. is considered as a synonym of
Rh. davurica
Pall.
New records of dryopteridaceae in Hunan Province from China
ZENG Han-Yuan, DING Bing-Yang
2005, 25(1): 14-17. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.008
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14 species (include 1 varies species) of Pteridophyte in Hunan Province belong to 11 genera, 10 family are firstly reported. They are
Huperzia crispata
(Huperziaceae),
Plagiogyria dunnii
(Plagiogyriaceae),
Microlepia hancie
(Dennstaedtiaceae),
Pteris longipe
(Pteridaceae),
Onychium tenuifrons
(Sinopteridaceae),
Coniogramme longissima
and
C. emeiensis
var.
lancipinna
(Hemionitidaceae),
Pseudophegopteris yunkweiensis
(Thelypteridaceae),
Asplenium cheilosorum
,
A. wrightii
and
A. glanduli-serrulatum
(Aspleniaceae),
Athyrium delavayi
(Athyriaceae),
Lepidogrammitis rostrata
and
Microsorium zippelii
(Polypodiaceae).
An ornamental plant,
Wisteria floribunda
(Willd.) DC. f.
violaceo-plena
(Schneider) Rehder & Wilson, is newly recorded to China
ZHU Xiang-Yun
2005, 25(1): 18-18. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.009
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Wisteria floribunda
(Willd.) DC. f.
violaceo-plena
(Schneider) Rehder & Wilson, an ornamental plant, is newly recorded to China.
Notes on Chinese
Gymnomitrion crenulatum
and
G. sinense
WU Yu-Huan, GAO Chien
2005, 25(1): 19-21. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.010
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The record of
G. crenulatum
Gott. ex Carr. in Xizang, China was based on mis-identification. The specimen actually is
Gymnomitrium sinense
K. Muell. and
G. crenulatum
should be excluded from Chinese bryoflora.
Gymnomitrium sinense
K. Muell. is discovered from several locations from Tibet except Yunnan, the type location. The description, distribution, and illustration of
G. sinense
K. Muell. are presented here.
Classification and geographical distribution of
Leymus
in China
ZHI Li, TENG Zhong-Hua
2005, 25(1): 22-25. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.011
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A new key of species of
Leymus
in China is presented which includes 3 sectio-ns 20 species and 2 varieties. Sect.
Racemosus
comprises 2 species, sect.
Leymus
comprises 15 species and sect. Anisopyrum comprises 3 species. Among these taxa, sect.
Racemosus
were described as new. In addition, the geographical distribution of
Leymus
in China was also reported. According to analysis and statistics, we speculate that the Altai region is the distribution center of
Leymus
in China.
Phylogeny of Trimeniaceae: A Review
SUO Zhi-Li
2005, 25(1): 26-29. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.012
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The family Trimeniaceae consists of two genera, five species. Morphological studies indicated that Trimeniaceae possesses many primitive characters. Recent phylogenetic analyses of multiple molecular data sets indicate that Trimeniaceae is one of the basal taxa of the extant angiosperms. But the systematic position of Trimeniaceae is in dispute. The origin and radiation of angiosperms (flowering plants) have long been hot issues attracting botanical systematists. This paper reviews the research history and recent advances related to this family.
Classification and nomenclature changes of the Chinese Vittariaceae
GAO Hui, LIU Bao-Dong, ZHANG Xian-Chun
2005, 25(1): 30-33. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.013
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The classification of Vittariaceae is reviewed.
Antrophyum
,
Haplopteris
and
Monogramma
are recognized from China. A total of 24 species of Vittariaceae are recorded from China.
Observation on the gametophyte development of
Phymatosorus hainanensis
(Polypodiaceae)
XU Yan, SHI Lei, LIU Bao-Dong, LIU Yan, LI Dong
2005, 25(1): 34-38. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.014
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Spore germination, gametophytic development and formation of young sporophytes of
Phymatosorus hainanensis
(Noot.) S. G. Lu have been observed in detail by the microscope. The result exhibits that the mature spore is yellowish, monolete, reniform in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view, with vary sizes global granules on it. The spores germinated in 6~8 days after inoculated in the medium, the germination is of the Vittaria-type, and the germ filament developed 3~7cells long. The gametophyte development is of the Drynaria-type, prothalli formed in 30 days after inoculated in the medium, while hairs developed after the formation of the prothallial plate. The young prothalli are short tongue-shaped and the adult prothalli are cordate. The antheridia formed in 60 days after inoculation, while the archegonia developed in 70 days after inoculation. Each gametophyte can develop only one zygote. Vegetative propagation was often occurred on the basal part of the prothallial plate in the inorganic medium.
Affection of aridity to anatomical structure of leave of
Ulmus pumila
L. var.
sabulosa
ZHANG Hong-Xia, LIU Guo-Hou, CUI Xiu-Ping
2005, 25(1): 39-44. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.015
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In order to discuss the drought-resistant mechanism of
Ulmus pumila
L. var.
sabulosa
in anatomy, the comparative observation and analysis of anatomical structure of leaves of
Ulmus pumila
L. var.
sabulosa
from the top of drifting sandy dune and inter-dunes grassland in Otindag Sandy Land,
Ulmus pumila
from Huhhot were demonstrated by using the method of slices of paraffin wax in this paper. The results showed that the anatomical structure of the leave showed notable differences owing to different environmental condition in spite of belonging to the same species. The drought resistance of
Ulmus pumila
L. var.
sabulosa
from the top of drifting sandy dune whose habitat was the poorest was the strongest. Its leave was thick, and its epidermis cell was big. Its epidermis cell wall and cuticle were thick. Its palisade tissue was developed, and the cell of palisade tissue became smaller and densely arranged.
Study on anatomical charateristics of the leaf and stem of
Suaeda kossinskyi
Iljin
WANG Wen-He, XU Yu-Feng
2005, 25(1): 45-48. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.016
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We observed and studied anatimical characteristics of the leaf and stem of
Suaeda kossinskyi
growing in the salt alkali desert in Zhongwei of province Ningxia under the apply optical microscope. The result makes known that the plant expresses many characteristics adapting living in the arid and saline-alkali soil. The essential features are as the follows: isobilateral and fleshy leaf looked like club;the more thick superficial cuticle on the epidermic cells of leaf and stem, the very few of which being nipple salt cell;palisade tissue ringlikely;great water-storing cells in leaf;crystal cell scattered among water-storing cells;vascular bundles of vein nondeveloped;a little secondary growth in the stem;the developed pith in the structure of stem; furthermore, the pith having water-storing function;abnormal structure appearing in the later period of stem development, etc. In addition, there are three specific characteristics in leaf stem of
Suaeda kossinskyi
: (1) There is a layer thin wall cells arranging loosely in epidermic leaf;(2) It is a layer storage cells in inner of palisade tissue, the nucleus and vacuole of storage cells distribute in outer, and ergastic substance is deposited in inner. (3) Vessel end of vascular bundles of vein does not go deep into palisade tissue. These structures and characteristics show the diversity of
Suaeda kossinskyi
adapting living in the arid and saline-alkali soil, and will furnish a new experiment evidence for physiology study on xerophyte and euhalophyte.
Study on the factors of wheat mature embryos culture and plant regeneration
LI Xin-Ling, QUMin, YAN Yu-Qing, XU Xiang-Ling
2005, 25(1): 49-52. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.017
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To culture wheat mature embryos from three cultivars in vitro and study the factors of wheat callus induction and plant regeneration. The result of research shows bud differentiation rate of dongnong 7742 is much higher than longmai 9814 and longmai 26. ZT with high concentration could increase the rate of bud differentiation. The bud formation could be stimulated by half amount of culture medium togetherwith NAA of low concentration. So the genotypes have great influence on wheat callus differentiation and to add certain amount of hormone could increase the rate of plant regeneration.
Study on HPLC fingerprining of
Rumex gmelini
at different development stages
WANG Zhen-Yue, SUN Hui, CUI Hong-Hua, KANG Yi-Hua, ZUO Yue-Ming, LI Rui-Ming
2005, 25(1): 53-58. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.018
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HPLC method was applied for analysis of main constituents of 10 lots different growing period samples. The HPLC column, mobile phase elution mode (isocratic or gradient) and gradient program were optimized in order to obtain high quality HPLC profile. The HPLC system consisted of Waters 600 pump and a 996 photodiode-array detector (DAD). HPLC analysis was performed on a Planetsil C18 column (5
μ
m, 200 mm×4. 6 mm) and Phenomenex HPLC Guard Cartridge System ODS-C18(4×3. 0 mm ID) with the mixture of methanol (A) and H2O (acidified to pH 2. 0 with phosphoric acid) (B) as mobile phase in gradient mode. Concentrations of A 30%, 100%during 0, 50min, column temperature 40℃, detection wavelength 254 nm. The HPLC chromatographic fingerprinting of main constituents showing 27 common peaks was established from 10 lots of samples. These peaks were divided into 3 groups: from 0 to 17 min, 14 peaks (including peak 1~14);from 17 to 35min, 10 peaks (including peak 15~24);from 35 to 50 min, 3 peaks (including peak 25~27). This method with high specificity and good reproducibility can provide scientific basis for determining the best collecting time, quality evaluation and identification of
Rumex gmelini
.
Changes of carbohydrate and amylase in lily bulb during bulb development
SUN Hong-Mei, LI Tian-Lai, LI Yun-Fei
2005, 25(1): 59-63. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.019
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Changes of starch content, soluble sugar content and amylase activity in different parts of bulb in
Lilium davidii
var.
unicolor
and CV. Elite in Asia lily were studied during bulb development. The results indicated that mother bulb was the metabolism source during geminating stage, especially the exterior scales was the most important part. It was the marker of daughter bulb development that starch content and soluble content increased together. Sucrose was the basic form of soluble sugar in lily bulb. Changes of reducing sugar indicated the supply and transform of carbohydrate. Amylase acts an important role in adjusting and balancing the form of carbohydrate during the bulb development.
Study on the transpiration of
Sophara viciifolia
in the hilly and gully Loess Plateau
BU Chong-Feng, LIU Guo-Bin
2005, 25(1): 64-68. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.020
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Based on the measurements of the diurnal and monthly transpiration rate, the characteristics of transpiration of
Caragana korshinskii
Kom and
Sophara viciifolia
Hance and the relationship between transpiration and environmental factors and soil water were studied. The following conclusions can be drawn: the curves of the diurnal variations of transpiration rate in
Sophara viciifolia
Hance and
Caragana korshinskii
Kom show one-peak type mainly, their highest transpiration rate occurred in period of 10: 00~14: 00;The transpiration rate of
Sophara viciifolia
Hance and
Caragana korshinskii
Kom decreases gradually from June to September, there is no big difference with the average value of monthly transpiration among the different age's
Sophara viciifolia
Hance, but the transpiration rate of
Sophara viciifolia
Hance is higher than
Caragana korshinskii
Kom from June to September;the curves of diurnal variation of transpiration rate in
Sophara viciifolia
Hance has a positive correlation with PAR and air temperature and has a negative correlation with air humidity;the seasonal changes of transpiration rate has a close relation with the content of soil water. As a result, we should know the plant's water-consumption and the ability of soil' s water supply in the process of vegetation reconstruction in the hilly and gully loess area to ensure the vegetation restoration.
Construction and analysis of
Tamarix hispida
suppression subtractive hybridization library under drought stress
LIU Gui-Feng, HOU Ying-Jie, WANG Yu-Cheng, CHU Yan-Guang
2005, 25(1): 69-73. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.021
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Using cDNA from
Tamarix hispida
roots treated with drought stress as tester and cDNA from
Tamarix hispida
roots in normal growth as driver, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was employed to construct cDNA subtracted library. In the library, the rate of recombination was 95%, the size of inserts was 250~600 bp. 17 drought stress-associated genes were obtained by DNA sequencing the positive clones picked randomly, such asMn-SOD myb-related protein zinc finger protein, etc. These genes included osmotic regulator signal component regulatory protein and antioxidant enzyme. GenBank had accepted all the sequences. The research had established a basis for cloning stress-resistance genes and further studying genes expression in
Tamarix hispida
roots under drought stress.
Response of super absorbent polymers under different water gradient on growth characteristics of
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
seedlings
ZHANG Zhan-Jiang, SHI Lei, ZHANG Cheng-Yi, ZHANG Jin-Zheng
2005, 25(1): 74-79. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.022
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In order to study effects of super absorbent polymers and future rainfall change on growth characteristics of
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
seedlings, and search for a way to improve ecological environment conditions. The experiment about response of super absorbent polymers under different water gradient on growth characteristics of
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
seedlings was examined at Zheng Lanqi cultivating-grass station in Inner Mongolia, China. The results showed that super absorbent polymers treatment can increase soil water content obviously, and keep it for quite a long time;Stem length, branch number, leaf number and biomass increment of stem, leaf, root and plants are all increased with increasing water supply, and the effect of super absorbent polymers treatment is larger than that of water gradient, especially W3 and W4 had obvious differences while comparing to contrast;Biomass allocation was significantly influenced by super absorbent polymers treatment, especially leaf weight ratio and root weight ratio, while branch weight ratio and root/shoot have little differences.
Study on antioxidation system in high yield hybrid rice Langyoupeijiu seedlings under dry raising conditions
ZHOU Quan-Cheng, CHEN Guo-Xiang, CHEN Li, WANG Jian-An, ZHANG Cheng-Jun, LÜ Chuan-Gen
2005, 25(1): 80-85. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.023
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Compared with Shanyou 63, the characters of antioxidation system in a new-developed rice hybrid Liangyoupeijiu seedlings under dry raising conditions was studied. The results showed that activities of SOD, POD and CAT in Liangyoupeijiu seedlings under dry raising conditions were higher than those of seedlings under water raising conditions. In terms of MDA content and producing rate of O
2
·
in seedling, there were not notable differences between dry and water raising conditions. Proline content was accumulated more in seedlings under dry raising conditions than seedlings under water raising conditions. Which enhanced ability of rice at repelling dry, at the same time, made material bases for dominance growthing in field. The study suggested Liangyoupeijiu displayed its potentiality of light energy inversion better under the high activity of antioxidation system, which was one of the physiologic bases on high yield. And study suggested it was good that the time raising seedling was thirty days or can' t get good seedling.
Researching the capacity of passing winter and the ways about
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
LIU Hui-Min, KANG Ying, CHEN Ya-Jun
2005, 25(1): 86-88. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.024
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By spraying different concentration ABA before
Partheocissus quinquefolia
crosses winter, and by crossing winterwith orwithout protecting, researching the relationship between the changing regularity of some physiology targets and its passing winter capacity. Knowning it capable crossing winter ways in north.
Study on diversity of woody plants in northwest China
LI Deng-Wu, DANG Kun-Liang, KANG Yong-Xiang
2005, 25(1): 89-98. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.025
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The flora of northwest china belongs to the Holarctic Kingdom in Chinese flora, the flora of the south of northwest China belongs to a Subregion in the Central China Region in the Japan-China Forest Subkingdom, and the central-east belongs to a Subregion in the North China Region in the Japan-China Forest Subkingdom, and the southwest belongs to a Subregion the Tibetan Pleteau and the Himalaya-China Forest Subkingdom, and the North belongs to a Subregion the Asia Desolate and Boundless Forest Subkingdom. There are 1 729 species (including infraspecific taxon) of woody plants belonging to 103 families and 338 genera (exclude cultivated plants) in northwest China. Among them, there are 57 species belonging to 17 genera and 6 families are of gymnosperm and 1 672 species belonging to 321 genera and 97 families are of angiosperm. In addition, there are 26 Chinese endemic genera and 173 northwest China endemic species. In those plants, the big families and the big genera play important roles. The flora of northwest China can be divided into 15 distribution types and 17 subtypes. Among them, North temperate, Pantropic, E. Asia &N. Amer. Disjuncted, E. Asia are important types. Based on the analysis of compositions and the geographical elements and characteristics of the flora, the paper has discussed the major characteristics of the flora as follows: Species are comparatively rich;species and floristic elements are striking difference;the geographical elements of the flora are comparatively complex, and the genera of temperate are the dominant areal types, among them, north temperate play the part of an important role in the flora;the flora is ancient origin;endemic woody plants are comparatively rich;the flora has widely relate to other area, and the flora is the crisscrossing and assembling, mixing and transition of diversified floristic elements.
A study on the ferns flora in Fengyangshan Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province
MEI Xiao-Man, ZHU Sheng-Chao, XU Shuang-Xi, YE li-Xin, DING Bing-Yang
2005, 25(1): 99-105. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.026
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The pteridophytic flora of the Fengyangshan Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province is composed of 196 species and 7 varieties, 74 genera and 37 families. The representative families are Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Athyriaceae, Aspleniaceae, Selaginellaceae and Hymenophyllaceae. The main genera are
Dryopteris
,
Asplenium
,
Selaginella
,
Arachniodes
,
Plagiogyria
,
Pteris
and
Lepisorus
. The top families' distribution types are cosmopolitan and pantropic ones;the main genera's are pantropical ones, while the species distribution type is belong to the East Asia one and represented to the feature of subtropics transition to warm temperated area-type. In the 6 reservations, the genetic relationship of Fengyangshan Nature Reserve's ferns is intimate to Jiulongshan Nature Reserve's. There are 57 species endemic to China in Fengyangshan Nature Reserve.
The floristic of the family Gramineae of Karakorum and Kunlun area, China
WU Yu-Hu
2005, 25(1): 106-114. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.027
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There are 47 genera and 161 species of Gramineae except the cultivated species in the area of the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains. The results of research on the distribution of the genera and species of Gramineae in the Karakorum and KunlunMountains show that (1) The Gramineae mainly contains elements of North Temperate, rich Old Word Temperate and other Temperate. It is obvious that the floristic nature of Gramineae in the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains is the North Temperate;(2) All Pantropic genera can stretch to the Temperate Zone in this region, which all parts of the Pantropic type are the Temperate nature to a certain degree. For example,
Erianthus ravennae
from mediterranean to the Karakorum and KunlunMountains through the Central Asia;(3) As most genera of Grasses are the type of Temperate and the Frigid Zone, they have distinct floristic characteristics of mountainous and plateau flora such as
Orinus
,
Alopecurus
,
Elymus
,
Trisetum
,
Littledalea
,
Elytrigia
,
Stephanachne
and
Paracolpodium
etc. All of these indicate adaptive phenomenon of alpine specialization and cold-xerophilization on Grasses in this area;(4) Endemic genus of Gramineae is absent due to its nature and history and the endemic species are also rare in the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains. Most of the genera with one or fewer species have originated from its relative and widespread genera, such as
Ptilagrostis
from
Stipa
, Timouria from
Achnatherum
, and so on;(5) Flora of the Karakorum and KunlunMountains is most closely related to the flora of Tibet, and is also extensively to its adjacent areas.
A study on
Castanopsis fargesii
forest classification in Guangxi
WANG Xian-Pu, GUO Ke, QIN Hai-Ning
2005, 25(1): 115-128. doi:
10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.01.028
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Evergreen broadleaved forest dominated by
Castanopsis fargesii
is widely distributed in red and yellow soils on the hills and mountains of eastern central subtropics below 700 m above sea level in Guangxi, it is a most representative zonal community type of this region, and it also fragmentally occurs in some mountainous areas of south subtropics and north tropics. Frequent 13 Associations in Guangxi are described in this paper, simple illustration of their geographical distribution, habitat property and species composition is given. All of these materials may be used for basis of their conservation and scientific management.
