Comparative Analysis of Differential Components of Three Origins ofAsari Radix et Rhizoma in Changbai Mountain Forest Region

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

The volatile oil contains many kinds of active ingredients， which can be used as an indicator for the quality evaluation of Asari Radix et Rhizoma， and the difference of volatile oil components of different origins is of great significance for the quality research and development and application of Asari Radix et Rhizoma. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） was used to qualitatively and relatively quantify the volatile oil components of different origins， combined with data analysis software， and the differential compounds of different origins were identified by cluster analysis（HCA）， principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）. The results showed that a total of 59 compounds were detected in 25 batches of Asari Radix et Rhizomasamples， which could be divided into three categories according to different origins. Further analysis showed that the difference in volatile components of Asari Radix et Rhizoma was significantly correlated with different origins， and 11 compounds such as α-terpineol， myristic ether and camphene were identified as different components of different origins. The differential components screened by chemometrics can be used to distinguish different origins and provide a comprehensive reference for the rational use of Asari Radix et Rhizoma resources.

Key words: Asari Radix et Rhizoma, volatile oil, chemometrics, GC-MS, component analysis

CLC Number:

S131

Yunze YU, Ying YU, Shuwen ZHAO, Yinping JIN, Shifeng PANG, Hao ZHANG, Liwei XING, Yuyang SUN, Jing GUO. Comparative Analysis of Differential Components of Three Origins ofAsari Radix et Rhizoma in Changbai Mountain Forest Region[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(1): 66-76.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Volatile components of the three origins of Asari Radix et Rhizoma

编号 No.	化合物名称 Representative compounds	化学物质登录号 CAS	保留时间 t_R/min	平均相对质量分数 Relative content/%
编号 No.	化合物名称 Representative compounds	化学物质登录号 CAS	保留时间 t_R/min	北细辛 CA	华细辛 CB	汉城细辛 CC
1	β-松油烯 β-Pinene	99-84-3	9.55	3.864	1.738	1.578
2	莰烯 Camphene	79-92-5	10.28	1.120	0.112	0.284
3	甲位葑烯 α-Fenchene	4695-62-9	11.27	—	0.893	1.080
4	β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	123-35-3	11.93	0.520	0.197	0.614
5	（+）-3-蒈烯（+）-3-Carene	13466-78-9	12.17	2.135	—	1.255
6	β-罗勒烯（E）-β-Ocimene	13877-91-3	12.17	1.848	0.089	2.940
7	2，3-Dehydro-1，8-cineole	92760-25-3	12.27	—	0.059	—
8	水芹烯 α-Phellandrene	99-83-2	12.38	0.627	0.893	2.963
9	柠檬烯 Limonene	138-86-3	13.05	0.825	0.210	0.799
10	（+）-柠檬烯（+）-Limonene	5989-27-5	13.09	—	0.065	—
11	β-侧柏烯 Bicyclo［3.1.0］hex-2-ene，4-	1384736-11-1	13.35	1.089	1.572	0.599
12	3，6，6-三甲基-双环（3.1.1）庚-2-烯 3，6，6-Trimethyl-bicyclo（3.1.1）hept-2-ene	80-56-8	13.47	0.122	—	—
13	P-伞花烃 P-Cymene	99-87-6	13.59	—	—	0.118
14	邻伞花烃 o-Cymene	527-84-4	13.61	0.505	0.075	0.490
15	桉树脑 Cineole	470-82-6	13.63	1.142	6.967	1.474
16	2（3H）-Benzofuranone，Hexahydro-7a-methyl-	553-86-6	13.64	—	5.137	—
17	γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	99-85-4	14.09	0.039	0.210	—
18	顺式-4-蒈烯 4（5）-Carene	5208-49-1	14.86	0.604	0.050	1.066
19	草酸环己基丙基酯 Cyclohexanehexanoic acid， 2-Propenyl ester	1000309-30-3	14.87	0.026	—	—
20	优葛缕酮 2，6，6-Trimethylcyclohepta-2，4-dien-1-one	503-93-5	18.99	3.673	—	11.382
21	右旋樟脑（+）-Camphor	464-49-3	19.14	0.264	—	—
22	（-）-4-萜品醇（-）-Terpinen-4-ol	20126-76-5	19.38	0.408	1.855	0.116
23	冰片 Borneol	507-70-0	19.97	0.790	—	—
24	合成右旋龙脑（-）-Borneol	464-45-9	19.97	0.516	0.594	0.260
25	双环［2.2.1］-2-庚醇 2-Norborneol	1632-68-4	19.97	0.516	0.594	0.260
26	草蒿脑 Estragole	140-67-0	19.99	1.034	—	5.860
27	茴香脑 cis-Anethol	104-46-1	19.99	0.039	—	—
28	2-异丙基-5-甲基茴香醚 2-Isopropyl-5-methylanisole	1076-56-8	20.27	0.021	—	0.835
29	α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	98-55-5	20.32	0.479	2.886	0.192
30	3，5-二甲氧基甲苯 3，5-Dimethoxytoluene	4179-19-5	22.64	5.833	0.358	3.622
31	黄樟醚 Safrole	94-59-7	22.75	18.172	19.358	1.554
32	乙酸松油酯 Terpinyl acetate	80-26-2	23.66	—	—	0.156
33	丁香三环烯（-）-Clovene	469-92-1	24.47	0.070	—	—
34	白菖烯（+）-Calarene	17334-55-3	24.48	0.102	—	0.461
35	乙位古芸烯（-）-α-Gurjunene	17334-55-3	24.49	0.102	—	0.461
36	马兜铃烯（-）-Aristolene	6831-16-9	24.8	0.069	—	—
37	香树烯 Alloaromadendrene	25246-27-9	24.8	0.045	—	—
38	α-衣兰油烯 α-Muurolene	31983-22-9	24.80	0.096	—	0.502
39	1（10）-马兜铃烯-2-酮 1（10）-Aristolen-2-one	6831-16-9	24.80	0.069	—	—
40	1-十七烷醇 1-Heptadecanol	1454-85-9	25.45	—	0.073	—
41	正十五烷 Pentadecane	629-62-9	25.56	0.156	—	—
42	3-甲基-5-丙基壬烷 3-Methyl-5-propylnonane	31081-18-2	25.56	—	0.489	—
43	（-）-异喇叭烯（-）-Isoledene	1000156-10-8	25.85	0.050	—	—
44	（-）-Alpha-荜澄茄油烯（-）-α-Cubebene	17699-14-8	25.85	0.027	—	0.367
45	α-广藿香烯 α-Patchoulene	515-17-3	25.93	0.013	—	—
46	甲基丁香酚 Methyleugenol	93-15-2	26.21	15.178	0.788	20.937
47	二氢沉香呋喃 Dihydroagarofuran	20053-66-1	26.22	0.147	—	—
48	反式甲基异丁香酚（E）-Methyl isoeugenol	93-16-3	26.29	—	—	12.343
49	1，2，3-三甲氧基-5-甲基苯 1，2，3-Trimethoxy-5-methylbenzene	6443-69-2	26.55	8.821	0.296	2.046
50	γ-榄香烯 γ-Elemene	39029-41-9	26.68	—	—	0.293
51	肉豆蔻醚 Myristicin	607-91-0	28.38	2.130	15.309	0.199
52	橙花叔醇 Nerolidol	7212-44-4	29.47	0.015	—	—
53	榄香素 Elemicin	487-11-6	30.15	0.467	—	2.630
54	3，4-（亚甲基二氧）苯丙酮 3，4-Methylenedioxyphenyl ethyl ketone	28281-49-4	30.70	0.386	—	—
55	4′，6′-二甲氧基-2′-羟基苯乙酮 Xanthoxylin	90-24-4	30.83	0.031	—	—
56	3-乙基-7-羟基苯酞 1（3H）-Isobenzofuranone，3-ethyl-7-hydroxy-，（3S）-	485-26-7	30.85	0.188	—	—
57	百秋李醇 Patchouli alcohol	5986-55-0	32.18	0.257	—	—
58	2′，4′-二甲氧基-3′-甲基苯丙酮 2′，4′-Dimethoxypropiophenone	487-11-6	33.10	0.046	—	—
59	卡枯醇 Kakuol	18607-90-4	33.12	1.291	0.352	—

Table 4

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

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样品编号 Sample number	基原 Origin	原产地 Place of origin
S1	北细辛（CA）	吉林省通化县富源村
S2	北细辛（CA）	吉林省通化县富裕村
S3	北细辛（CA）	吉林省通化县碱场村
S4	北细辛（CA）	吉林省通化县大西城村
S5	北细辛（CA）	吉林省通化县原泉沟村
S6	北细辛（CA）	吉林省柳河县五凤楼村
S7	北细辛（CA）	吉林省柳河县边沿村
S8	北细辛（CA）	吉林省柳河县向阳镇
S9	北细辛（CA）	吉林省柳河县金厂沟村
S10	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县冯家村
S11	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县火石村
S12	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县宝汤村
S13	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县旺清门镇
S14	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县旧门村
S15	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省新宾县善道村
S16	北细辛（CA）	辽宁省清源县大苏河村
S17	北细辛（CA）	吉林省吉林市左家镇
S18	华细辛（CB）	陕西省毛坝河镇
S19	华细辛（CB）	陕西省三道河镇
S20	华细辛（CB）	陕西省铁锁关镇
S21	华细辛（CB）	陕西省巴山镇
S22	华细辛（CB）	陕西省二郎坝镇
S23	汉城细辛（CC）	吉林省磐石市
S24	汉城细辛（CC）	吉林省磐石市
S25	汉城细辛（CC）	吉林省吉林市左家镇

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