Characteristics of Pollen-Stigma Interaction in Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination of Ziziphus jujuba

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.009

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of self-incompatible behavior between pollen and stigma during self-pollination of jujube（Ziziphus jujuba）. The effects of different sample drying methods on jujube ‘Junzao’ flower stigma samples were compared by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）， and the technical parameters of SEM acceleration voltage and sample working distance were systematically optimized respectively. The results showed that high-clarity and high-resolution microscopic images of jujube flower stigma papillae cells were obtained by using CO? critical point drying and optimized parameters of SEM working distance with 5.4-10.8 mm and acceleration voltage of 3.0 kV. Based on the optimized SEM system，the microstructure of jujube ‘Junzao’ stigmas and pollen-stigma interactions after self-pollination（‘Junzao’×‘Junzao’）and cross-pollination（‘Junzao’×‘Qingjian Suanzao’）were observed respectively. The results indicated that the pistil of jujube was a “bifurcate” type of pistil，the stigma surface was composed of clusters of papillae cells，the diameter of individual papillae cell was 10-18 μm. There were no significant differences in the adhesion，hydration，germination and growth of pollen on the stigma between self-pollination and cross-pollination. Further observations using fluorescence microscopy revealed that self-pollinated pollen tubes grew to 1/2 style channels and showed swelling and curling，while the cross-pollinated pollen tubes grew to the bottom of the style， indicating that jujube had a typical gametophytic self-incompatibility. This study systematically elucidated the dynamic characteristics of pollen-stigma recognition and pollen tube growth in self-incompatible jujube， which had important scientific value and application significance for understanding the reproductive characteristics of jujube and the guidance for practical hybrid breeding.

Key words: Ziziphus jujuba, pollen, stigma, papilla cell, self- incompatibility

CLC Number:

Q944.44

Ruihong CHEN, Kun LI, Zinan ZHANG, Siyuan ZHANG, Xiaohua HE, Ruyi LIU, Wenjing CAO, Jing ZHANG. Characteristics of Pollen-Stigma Interaction in Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination of Ziziphus jujuba[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(6): 919-927.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

References 28

[1]	曲泽洲，王永蕙.中国果树志：枣卷［M］.北京：中国林业出版社，1993.
	QU Z Z， WANG Y H.Chinese fruit trees record：Chinese jujube［M］.Beijing：China Forestry Publishing House，1993.
[2]	LIU M J， WANG J R， WANG L L，et al.The historical and current research progress on jujube：a superfruit for the future［J］.Horticulture Research，2020，7：119.
[3]	ASATRYAN A， TEL-ZUR N.Pollen tube growth and self-incompatibility in three Ziziphus species （Rhamnaceae）［J］.Flora-Morphology，Distribution，Functional Ecology of Plants，2013，208（5/6）：390-399.
[4]	NETTANCOURT D.Incompatibility and incongruity in wild and cultivated plants［M］.New York：Springer，2001.
[5]	ZHANG D Y， LI Y Y， ZHAO X W，et al.Molecular insights into self-incompatibility systems：from evolution to breeding［J］.Plant Communications，2024，5（2）：100719.
[6]	HATER F， NAKEL T， GROß-HARDT R.Reproductive multitasking：the female gametophyte［J］.Annual Review of Plant Biology，2020，71：517-546.
[7]	HESLOP-HARRISON J.Incompatibility and the pollen-stigma interaction［J］.Annual Review of Plant Biology，1975，26：403-425.
[8]	HESLOP-HARRISON Y.The pollen-stigma interaction：pollen-tube penetration in Crocus ［J］.Annals of Botany，1977，41（5）：913-922.
[9]	GUO L， HUANG Z Y， CHEN X Y，et al.SD‐RLK28 positively regulates pollen hydration on stigmas as a PCP‐Bβ receptor in Arabidopsis thaliana ［J］.Journal of Integrative Plant Biology，2023，65（10）：2395-2406.
[10]	刘珠琴.罂粟科植物自交不亲和反应中信号转导的研究进展［J］.生命科学研究，2010，14（2）：172-176.
	LIU Z Q.Advances in signal transduction during self-incompatibility response of Papaveraceae［J］.Life Science Research，2010，14（2）：172-176.
[11]	XUE Y B， ZHANG Y J， YANG Q Y，et al.Genetic features of a pollen-part mutation suggest an inhibitory role for the Antirrhinum pollen self-incompatibility determinant［J］.Plant Molecular Biology，2009，70（5）：499-509.
[12]	LI J H， ZHANG Y， SONG Y Z，et al.Electrostatic potentials of the S-locus F-box proteins contribute to the pollen S specificity in self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida ［J］.The Plant Journal，2017，89（1）：45-57.
[13]	何敏，谷超，吴巨友，等.果树自交不亲和机制研究进展［J］.园艺学报，2021，48（4）：759-777.
	HE M， GU C， WU J Y，et al.Recent advances on self-incompatibility mechanism in fruit trees［J］.Acta Horticulturae Sinica，2021，48（4）：759-777.
[14]	王婧瑜，杨雯昕，边靓，等.强冬性白菜型油菜自交亲和系主要特征特性分析［J］.中国油料作物学报，2025，47（2）：289-301.
	WANG J Y， YANG W X， BIAN L，et al.Characterization of the main feature in self-compatibility strong winter rapeseed（Brassica rapa L.）［J］.Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences，2025，47（2）：289-301.
[15]	高超，杨瑞，郭其强，等.油茶柱头和花柱的显微与超微结构特征［J］.林业科学研究，2019，32（1）：1-7.
	GAO C， YANG R， GUO Q Q，et al.Microstructure and ultrastructure characteristics of stigma and style of Camellia oleifera ［J］.Forest Research，2019，32（1）：1-7.
[16]	肖媛，刘伟，汪艳，等.生物样品的扫描电镜制样干燥方法［J］.实验室研究与探索，2013，32（5）：45-53.
	XIAO Y， LIU W， WANG Y，et al.Drying methods of biological sample preparation for scanning electron microscope［J］.Research and Exploration in Laboratory，2013，32（5）：45-53.
[17]	贾维宸，王宇，董鹏媛，等.植物花粉与雌蕊结合方式的扫描电镜观察［J］.电子显微学报，2025，44（2）：219-227.
	JIA W C， WANG Y， DONG P Y，et al.Scanning electron microscope observation on the binding mode of plant pollen and pistil［J］.Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society，2025，44（2）：219-227.
[18]	徐国辉，张明军，王贺新，等.中国野生朝鲜越桔枝条蜡质组分及微观结构分析［J］.分子植物育种，2019，17（16）：5454-5462.
	XU G H， ZHANG M J， WANG H X，et al.Analysis of wax components and microstructure in Vaccinium koreanum Nakai of China［J］.Molecular Plant Breeding，2019，17（16）：5454-5462.
[19]	LIU C， SHEN L P， XIAO Y，et al.Pollen PCP-B peptides unlock a stigma peptide-receptor kinase gating mechanism for pollination［J］.Science，2021，372（6538）：171-175.
[20]	WANG L D， CLARKE L A， EASON R J，et al.PCP-B class pollen coat proteins are key regulators of the hydration checkpoint in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen-stigma interactions［J］.New Phytologist，2017，213（2）：764-777.
[21]	ZHANG L L， HUANG J B， SU S Q，et al.FERONIA receptor kinase-regulated reactive oxygen species mediate self-incompatibility in Brassica rapa ［J］.Current Biology，2021，31（14）：3004-3016.
[22]	FUJII S， KUBO K I， TAKAYAMA S.Non-self- and self-recognition models in plant self-incompatibility［J］.Nature Plants，2016，2（9）：16130.
[23]	侯思皓，张钟，李一荷，等.枣自交与异交花粉管生长行为及早期胚胎发育研究［J］.果树学报，2019，36（11）：1515-1523.
	HOU S H， ZHANG Z， LI Y H，et al.Observation of pollen tubes behavior and early embryogenesis following self and cross-pollination in Chinese jujube［J］.Journal of Fruit Science，2019，36（11）：1515-1523.
[24]	ENTANI T， IWANO M， SHIBA H，et al.Comparative analysis of the self-incompatibility （S-） locus region of Prunus mume：identification of a pollen-expressed F-box gene with allelic diversity［J］.Genes to Cells，2003，8（3）：203-213.
[25]	USHIJIMA K， YAMANE H， WATARI A，et al.The S haplotype-specific F-box protein gene，SFB，is defective in self-compatible haplotypes of Prunus avium and P.mume ［J］.The Plant Journal，2004，39 （4）：573-586.
[26]	CHEN R H， CHEN G L， HUANG J.Shot-gun proteome and transcriptome mapping of the jujube floral organ and identification of a pollen-specific S-locus F-box gene［J］.PeerJ，2017，5：e3588.
[27]	KUBO K I， PAAPE T， HATAKEYAMA M，et al.Gene duplication and genetic exchange drive the evolution of S-RNase-based self-incompatibility in Petunia ［J］.Nature Plants，2015，1：14005.
[28]	AKAGI T， HENRY I M， MORIMOTO T，et al.Insights into the Prunus-specific S-RNase-based self-incompatibility system from a genome-wide analysis of the evolutionary radiation of S locus-related F-box genes［J］.Plant and Cell Physiology，2016，57（6）：1281-1294.