Morphological Adaptation to Alpine Environment of a Chinese Endemic Species, Cynanchum forrestii

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.03.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Alpine meadows exhibited environmental characteristics such as intense radiation， low air pressure， strong winds and sudden changes in diurnal temperature， which were unfavorable for plant growth. In order to explore the ecological adaptability of Cynanchum forrestii， an endemic species of China to the alpine meadow environment（altitudes of 3 100-3 500 m） in Jiulong County， southwest Sichuan Province， the anatomical features of various organs of C. forrestii were examined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy， and the pollen and seed viability were analyzed by the TCC method. The results showed that the leaves， stems and flowers of C. forrestii were covered with epidermis composed of rich single-row cells； the cuticle of leaf and stems epidermis was thick； the stomata were large and located on the lower surface of the leaves， palisade tissue and sponge tissue were developed； the stem epidermal cells were small and the cell wall was thick， and the cortex was composed of seven layers of cells， which were closely arranged， there were rich substances stored in the stem cells， and the vascular columns accounted for a large proportion of stem， the pith was developed and rich in stored substances； the root vascular tissue was well-developed， rich storage substances in cortical cells； the characteristics of high seed and pollen vitality， combined corolla， combined pistil column， the seed had seed hair， and thick and hard seed coat provide guaranteed for improving reproductive efficiency. The above results indicated that C. forrestii possessed a comprehensive array of external and internal structural characteristics， which enabled adaption to high-altitude cold environments while maintaining elevated levels of radiation resistance， drought resistance， and cold tolerance， and laid a structural foundation for the successful survival and reproduction of C. forrestii in the alpine environment.

Key words: Cynanchum forrestii, alpine meadow, morphological and anatomical characteristics, vitality of pollen and seeds, ecological adaptability

CLC Number:

S567.9

Shuanglong TANG, Shixin CHEN, Yu WANG, Danwei MA, Shihui YANG, Shenming NIE, Zhaxizeli, Zhengyou TIAN. Morphological Adaptation to Alpine Environment of a Chinese Endemic Species, Cynanchum forrestii[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(3): 389-399.

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