欢迎访问《植物研究》杂志官方网站,今天是

植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 517-530.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

夏蜡梅属植物花香成分测试与聚类分析

陈香波1(), 刘方舟1,2, 冯宜冰2   

  1. 1.上海市园林科学规划研究院,上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海 200232
    2.上海应用技术大学城市建设与生态技术学部,上海 201418
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-05 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 陈香波 E-mail:cxb7210@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈香波(1972—),女,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事园林植物资源与育种研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业和草原局生物安全与遗传资源管理专项(KJZXSA202308);上海市绿化和市容管理局科研专项(G220202)

Testing and Clustering Analysis of Floral Scent Compounds of Calycanthus

Xiangbo CHEN1(), Fangzhou LIU1,2, Yibing FENG2   

  1. 1.Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai 200232
    2.Department of Urban Construction and Ecological Technology,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418
  • Received:2025-12-05 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-01
  • Contact: Xiangbo CHEN E-mail:cxb7210@163.com

摘要:

为探讨夏蜡梅属(Calycanthus)植物花香成分及其多样性,本研究采用顶空固相微萃取法(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)与静态顶空法(headspace sampling,HS)联合气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析技术,对蜡梅科(Calycanthaceae)夏蜡梅属9种植物花香成分进行检测,并通过主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和聚类分析对夏蜡梅属植物花香成分的多样性进行对比分析。结果显示:夏蜡梅(C. chinensis)、美国蜡梅(C. floridus)和美国蜡梅‘雅典’(C. floridus ‘Athens’)的花香成分种类分别为16种、21种、23种(HS-SPME)及5种、21种、23种(HS)。其中,夏蜡梅以烷烃类化合物(HS-SPME)或萜烯类(HS)物质含量最高,美国蜡梅以酯类中的乙酸乙酯为主,而美国蜡梅‘雅典’的酯类物质种类更为丰富,包括乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丁酯、丁酸乙酯、异丁酸乙酯等成分。在杂交夏蜡梅品种中,除‘美夏’(‘Meixia’)以萜烯类物质含量为主外,其他品种均含有较多酯类物质,其相对含量由高到低依次为‘红运’(‘Hongyun’)、‘维纳斯’(‘Venus’)、‘红笑’(‘Hongxiao’)、‘粉灿’(‘Fencan’)、‘小蝶’(‘Xiaodie’)、‘美夏’。此外,PCA结果表明,夏蜡梅与同属其他植物的香气成分差异最大,而杂交品种与其母本美国蜡梅、美国蜡梅‘雅典’之间的相似度更高。通过这2种方法对夏蜡梅属植物花香成分进行聚类分析发现,HS检测结果更接近于所测夏蜡梅属植物的亲缘关系。同一杂交组合品种‘粉灿’‘小蝶’‘美夏’‘红运’,可与父母本夏蜡梅、美国蜡梅聚为一类,而与美国蜡梅‘雅典’及其杂交后代‘红笑’‘维纳斯’相分离。综合花香成分测试结果,夏蜡梅属中的美国蜡梅及美国蜡梅‘雅典’含有较高比例的酯类挥发物质,具有香料化工开发及芳香花园应用的潜力。

关键词: 夏蜡梅属, 花香成分, 顶空固相微萃取, 静态顶空, 气质联用, 杂交品种

Abstract:

To investigate the chemical composition and diversity of floral scent volatiles in plants of the genus Calycanthus,the floral scent compounds of nine Calycanthus species or varieties were analyzed using a combination of headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME) and static headspace(HS) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Principal component analysis(PCA) and cluster analysis were employed to compare and evaluate the diversity of volatile compounds in the flowers of Calycanthus plants. The results showed that the numbers of volatile compounds detected in the flowers of C. chinensisC. floridus and C. floridus ‘Athens’ were 16, 21,and 23(by SPME) and 5, 21,and 23(HS), respectively. The volatile profile of C. chinensis was dominated by alkanes(HS-SPME) or terpenes(HS), while that of C. floridus consisted mainly of esters, especially ethyl acetate. The volatile compositions of C. floridus ‘Athens’ were more diverse, including ethyl acetate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl butyrate and ethyl isobutyrate. Among the hybrid varieties, except for ‘Meixia’ which was rich in terpenes, the others contained relatively high levels of esters. The order of ester content from high to low was ‘Hongyun’, ‘Venus’, ‘Hongxiao’, ‘Fencan’, ‘Xiaodie’ and ‘Meixia’.PCA revealed that the volatile compounds of C. chinensis were the most distinct from those of the other Calycanthus plants, whereas the hybrid varieties showed greater similarity to the female parents(C. floridus and C. floridus ‘Athens’). Cluster analysis of the volatile compounds obtained by the two methods indicated that the static headspace approach corresponded more closely to the genetic relationship among the tested Calycanthus plants.Specifically,hybrids from the same cross combination(‘Fencan’, ‘Xiaodie’, ‘Meixia’ and ‘Hongyun’ ) clustered together with their parents C. chinensis and C. floridus, while they were separated from C. floridus ‘Athens’ and its hybrid offspring(‘Hongxiao’ and ‘Venus’). Based on the floral volatile composition results, C. floridus and C. floridus ‘Athens’ were rich in ester volatile compounds, suggesting their potential for development of fragrance chemicals and applications in aromatic gardens.

Key words: Calycanthus, floral scent compounds, HS-SPME, HS, GC-MS, hybrid variety

中图分类号: