野生玫瑰果实发育过程中种子的细胞组织结构和内源激素变化对其休眠性的影响

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以吉林珲春自然群落的野生玫瑰（Rosa rugosa Thunb.）为试验材料，探究野生玫瑰在果实形成过程中种子的发育及休眠性的形成和变化。选取青果期（1~35 d）、转色期（35~60 d）、红果期（60~75 d）的果实及种子，结合形态学、组织细胞学观察法及高效液相色谱技术，对果实各发育时期的种子形态、种胚及内果皮的发育进行研究，并分析种子内源激素含量变化与果实发育、种子休眠之间的关系。结果表明：果实和种子在青果期（1~ 35 d）时发育速度最快，种胚在花后24 d发育完全，种子不存在形态休眠。花后24 d内果皮开始沉积木质素并逐渐木质化，种子开始产生机械休眠。种子激素含量的变化与果实的发育、转色及内果皮的木质化密切相关，种子内源GA₃和ABA含量在青果期（1~35 d）达到峰值，内源IAA含量在果实转色期（35~60 d）达到最大值，高浓度的ABA含量是种子尚未脱离果实时便已进入生理休眠的主要原因。

关键词: 野生玫瑰, 种子休眠性, 果实发育, 种胚发育, 內源激素

Abstract:

In order to explore the development and change of seed development and dormancy of wild Rosa rugosa during fruit formation， the wild R.rugosa Thunb. from Hunchun， Jilin Province was used as the experimental material. The green fruit period（1-35 d）， color change period（35-60 d）， and red fruit period（60-75 d） were classified respectively， and the morphology， histocytology， and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to analyze the fruit. Seed morphology， seed embryo and endodermal development at various developmental stages were studied， and the relationship between changes in endogenous hormone content of seeds and fruit development and seed dormancy was analyzed. The fruit and seeds developed the fastest during the green fruit period（1-35 d）， the seed embryos developed completely in 24 d after anthesis， and the seeds did not exist in morphological dormancy. Within 24 d after flowering， the inner peel began to deposit lignin and gradually lignified， and the seeds began to dormant. The seed hormone content changed closely related to fruit development， and to color conversion and to lignification of endocarp. Endogenous GA₃ and ABA content of seeds reached their peak during the green fruit period（1-35 d）， and endogenous IAA content during the fruit color conversion period（35-60 d） reached the maximum， and the high concentration of ABA content was the main reason for the seeds to enter physiological dormancy before they left the fruit.

Key words: Wild Rosa rugosa, seed dormancy, fruit development, seed embryo development, endogenous hormone

中图分类号:

S685.12

王思涵, 杨涛, 张金柱, 董婕, 寇志玲, 车代弟. 野生玫瑰果实发育过程中种子的细胞组织结构和内源激素变化对其休眠性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(3): 387-394.

Si-Han WANG, Tao YANG, Jin-Zhu ZHANG, Jie DONG, Zhi-Ling KOU, Dai-Di CHE. Effects of Changes in Seed Cell Tissue Structure and Endogenous Hormones on Dormancy of Wild Rosa rugosa Fruit during Development[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 387-394.

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