关键词: 红松, 胸径, 遗传变异, 家系选择

Abstract:

To analyze the genetic variation in diameter growth among half-sib families of Korean pine（Pinus koraiensis） across different stand ages and to select superior families， thereby providing high-quality materials for advanced-generation breeding populations， a progeny test forest was established using half-sib families sourced from the National Korean Pine Seed Orchard at Lushuihe Forestry Co.， Ltd.， Jilin Province. Diameters at breast height（DBH） of 34 tested families（including one control） were measured at stand ages of 18， 23， 27， and 32 a. Differences in DBH among families were assessed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test. Genetic parameters， including phenotypic and genetic coefficients of variation and family heritability， were calculated based on variance components. The breeding values of families were estimated using the best linear unbiased prediction method. The breeding potential of families across different stand ages was comprehensively evaluated using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） method， and superior families were selected based on comprehensive rankings. The results showed that no significant differences in DBH among families were observed at stand ages of 18， 23， and 27 a（P>0.05）. However， significant differences emerged at 32 a（P<0.05）， indicating that genetic effects gradually strengthened during tree growth. The genetic variation coefficient fluctuated minimally across ages， while the phenotypic variation coefficient decreased with stand age. Family heritability remained stable from 18 to 23 a （0.319-0.322）， declined significantly to 0.238 at 27 a， and rebounded to 0.346 at 32 a. The breeding values of families generally improved with age， with an increasing proportion of families exhibiting positive values. Based on TOPSIS rankings and a 15% selection rate， families No.766， 774， 851， 899， and 853 were selected， achieving a genetic progress of 4.06%. At 32 a， the average DBH of superior families exceeded the control by 19.72%， with realized and genetic gains of 12.40% and 4.29%， respectively. The average individual tree volume of superior families surpassed the mean of tested families by 33.09%. Artificial selection of superior families yielded significant gains， providing high-quality breeding materials for advanced-generation Korean pine breeding populations. This study has positive implications for the genetic improvement of growth traits in Korean pine.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis, diameters at breast height, genetic variation, family selection