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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 952-964.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

滇重楼种子萌发过程中生理生化指标变化分析

符莹莹1,2, 赖佳辉1, 袁华怡1,2, 余红娅1,2, 刘光华1, 徐福荣1,2()   

  1. 1.云南中医药大学中药学院,昆明 650500
    2.云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室,昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 徐福荣 E-mail:xfrong99@163.com
  • 作者简介:符莹莹(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事药用植物资源研究。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技计划项目(202304BI090004);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(81860674);云南省中医药基础研究联合专项(202101AZ070001-115);云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室(云南中医药大学)资助项目(2024SS24086)

Analysis of Physiological and Biochemical Indexes Changes During Seed Germination of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

Yingying FU1,2, Jiahui LAI1, Huayi YUAN1,2, Hongya YU1,2, Guanghua LIU1, Furong XU1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500
    2.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines,Kunming 650500
  • Received:2024-12-20 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-27
  • Contact: Furong XU E-mail:xfrong99@163.com

摘要:

为了探究影响滇重楼(Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis)种子休眠解除的主要生理生化因子,该研究以滇重楼种子为研究材料,用体视显微镜观察胚的表型变化,筛选出5个典型阶段(S1,球形胚;S2,短柱形胚;S3,圆锥形胚;S4,鱼雷形胚;S5,出芽),采用生理生化方法和ELISA法测定各阶段的营养物质含量、酶活性和植物激素含量等指标。结果表明:胚率在S5阶段为(66.50±6.22)%,吸水率为76.54%;滇重楼种子的主要营养物质为淀粉;萌发过程中淀粉、游离氨基酸含量和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)活性均呈现下降的变化趋势,可溶性糖含量呈先下降后上升再下降的变化趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性和赤霉素A3(GA3)含量均呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,赤霉素A4(GA4)和生长素(IAA)含量均呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在S5阶段显著增强,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈M型波动趋势,脱落酸(ABA)含量呈下降-上升-下降-上升的变化趋势。胚率与SOD活性呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与G-6-PDH活性和游离氨基酸含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),GA3含量与CAT活性、GA4含量与淀粉和氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而IAA含量与可溶性糖含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。滇重楼种子的休眠类型为形态生理休眠;同时,胚的发育状态与生理生化指标的波动密切相关,可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、GA3、GA4的含量上升,GA3/ABA和IAA/ABA升高,以及SOD、POD、CAT的活性增强,均有助于种子休眠的解除。

关键词: 滇重楼, 种子, 不同萌发阶段, 生理生化指标

Abstract:

To explore the main physiological and biochemical factors affecting the dormancy release of seeds, the seeds of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were used as materials, and the phenotypic changes of embryos were observed by stereomicroscope. Five typical stages(S1, spherical embryo; S2, short cylindrical embryo; S3, conical embryo; S4, torpedo embryo; S5, budding) were screened out, respectively. Physiological and biochemical methods and ELISA were used to determine the nutrient content, enzyme activity and plant hormone content in the seeds at each stage. The results showed that the embryo rate was finally(66.50±6.22)%; the water absorption rate was 76.54%. The main nutrient of P polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds was starch. During the germination process, the contents of starch, free amino acids and activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) showed a decreasing trend; the content of soluble sugar showed a trend of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing again; the activities of peroxidase(POD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and content of gibberellin A3(GA3) showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing; the contents of gibberellin A4(GA4) and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity increased significantly in S5 stage, catalase(CAT) activity showed a trend of M type fluctuation, abscisic acid(ABA) content showed a trend of ‘decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing’. The embryo rate was significantly positively correlated with SOD activity, and significantly negatively with G-6-PDH activity and free amino acids content. GA3 content was significantly positively correlated with CAT activity, GA4 content was significantly positively correlated with contents of starch and amino acids(P<0.01), while IAA content was significantly negatively correlated with soluble sugar content(P<0.01). The dormancy type of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds was morphological and physiological dormancy; and the development status of embryo was closely related to the fluctuation of physiological and biochemical indexes. The increases in contents of soluble sugar, free amino acid, GA3 and GA4, GA3/ABA and IAA/ABA, and activities of SOD, POD and CAT were all helpful to the release of seed dormancy.

Key words: Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, seeds, different germination stages, physiological and biochemical indicators

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