植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 315-328.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.02.016
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2024-07-29
出版日期:
2025-03-20
发布日期:
2025-04-04
通讯作者:
靳磊
E-mail:jinlei2013@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:
马祥臣(2003—),男,在读本科,主要从事百合栽培与品质研究。
基金资助:
Xiangchen MA, Ping ZHANG, Yuxin CHEN, Lei JIN()
Received:
2024-07-29
Online:
2025-03-20
Published:
2025-04-04
Contact:
Lei JIN
E-mail:jinlei2013@nxu.edu.cn
摘要:
该研究以采集自30个地点的10种百合(Lilium)为材料,采用比色法测定百合鳞茎的多酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性,采用凯氏定氮法和原子吸收法测定百合鳞茎和采集地土壤的氮、磷、钾含量,并调查采集地环境条件,旨在探索野生百合在抗氧化功能性食品开发方面的应用前景,为进一步开发百合资源提供参考。结果表明:采集自30个地点的10种百合鳞茎中多酚、黄酮、总黄烷醇和总花色苷含量存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同采集地同种百合鳞茎中多酚类物质含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),表明百合种源的品质存在明显的生态区域差异。10种百合鳞茎多酚类提取物对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力、铜离子还原能力、金属螯合能力和抑制脂质过氧化能力存在显著差异(P<0.05),且野生百合鳞茎多酚类提取物的抗氧化活性强于传统食用的兰州百合(L. davidii var. unicolor);不同采集地同种百合鳞茎多酚类提取物抗氧化活性存在显著差异(P<0.05),表明百合种源的抗氧化活性具有明显的“道地性”。10种百合鳞茎氮、磷、钾含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),采集地土壤中的氮、磷、钾含量存在显著差异(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,10种百合鳞茎的多酚类物质含量与铜离子还原能力、DPPH自由基清除能力和抑制脂质过氧化能力之间存在显著或极显著相关性;百合鳞茎多酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性与环境因子之间存在不同程度的相关性;采集地环境因子对百合鳞茎中多酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性产生不同影响,总体以年降水量、年均温度为主导,多酚含量与年最低温度、年降水量和年均温度之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05);总花色苷含量与年均温度和风速呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。利用隶属函数对百合多酚抗氧化活性进行综合评价,结果表明:野生百合鳞茎的抗氧化活性优于传统食用的兰州百合,其中四川宝兴县盐井乡新华村泸定百合(L. sargentiae)、陕西镇坪县洪阳乡宜昌百合(L. leucanthum)和陕西岗皋县城关镇卷丹百合(L. lancifolium)综合表现更好,其鳞茎多酚类提取物可作为植物天然抗氧化剂进行开发利用。
中图分类号:
马祥臣, 张萍, 陈雨欣, 靳磊. 10种百合鳞茎多酚类提取物抗氧化活性及其与环境因子相关性[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(2): 315-328.
Xiangchen MA, Ping ZHANG, Yuxin CHEN, Lei JIN. Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenol Extracts from Ten Lily Bulbs and Its Correlation with Environmental Factors[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(2): 315-328.
表1
不同种类百合资源采集地
编号 No. | 种名 Species | 采集地点 Collection area | 东经 East longitude/(°) | 北纬 North latitude/(°) | 海拔 Altitude/m |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
L1 | 山丹百合 | 陕西延安市富县直罗镇 | 108.970 0 | 35.997 5 | 1 140 |
L2 | 甘肃天水市甘谷县大庄乡 | 105.299 3 | 34.740 7 | 1 252 | |
L3 | 宁夏固原市泾源县新民乡 | 106.409 8 | 35.332 7 | 2 053 | |
L4 | 宁夏固原市西吉县火石寨乡 | 105.754 7 | 36.107 3 | 2 185 | |
L5 | 宁夏固原市隆德县山河乡车轮沟 | 106.226 9 | 35.441 8 | 2 351 | |
L6 | 宁夏吴忠市红寺堡区罗山自然保护区 | 106.283 3 | 37.274 8 | 2 313 | |
L7 | 宁夏银川市镇北堡滚钟口 | 105.932 2 | 38.606 9 | 1 510 | |
L8 | 内蒙古阿拉善盟巴彦浩特镇南寺 | 105.804 5 | 38.660 3 | 1 974 | |
L9 | 内蒙古呼和浩特市大青山 | 111.985 2 | 40.984 7 | 1 414 | |
L10 | 山西吕梁市交城县庞泉沟自然保护区 | 111.453 1 | 37.800 2 | 1 794 | |
L11 | 山西太原市娄烦县马家庄 | 111.630 8 | 37.994 5 | 1 537 | |
L12 | 河北保定市顺平县大悲乡 | 144.908 9 | 38.982 3 | 263 | |
L13 | 河北张家口市围场县老窝铺镇石人梁村 | 117.096 4 | 42.090 4 | 1 395 | |
L14 | 河南三门峡市卢氏县文峪乡 | 111.104 5 | 34.021 2 | 815 | |
L15 | 辽宁铁岭市开原市下肥镇 | 124.411 5 | 42.269 0 | 290 | |
L16 | 黑龙江大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县合发村 | 124.182 6 | 46.407 9 | 153 | |
L17 | 卷丹百合 | 陕西安康市岗皋县城关镇 | 108.906 5 | 32.303 1 | 570 |
L18 | 陕西咸阳市杨陵区 | 108.076 4 | 34.267 0 | 460 | |
L19 | 甘肃天水市甘谷县大庄乡 | 105.378 5 | 34.985 7 | 1 837 | |
L20 | 河南三门峡市卢氏县文峪乡 | 111.098 7 | 34.018 3 | 803 | |
L21 | 川百合 | 四川雅安市宝兴县硗碛乡 | 102.587 6 | 30.590 6 | 1 965 |
L22 | 四川雅安市泸定县兴隆乡 | 102.304 9 | 29.733 5 | 1 830 | |
L23 | 泸定百合 | 四川雅安市宝兴县城关镇 | 102.834 8 | 30.377 6 | 936 |
L24 | 四川雅安市宝兴县盐井乡新华村 | 102.862 2 | 30.472 4 | 1 244 | |
L25 | 野百合 | 陕西安康市镇坪县曙坪镇双坪乡 | 109.457 1 | 31.844 8 | 1 187 |
L26 | 宝兴百合 | 四川雅安市泸定县兴隆乡 | 102.304 9 | 29.733 4 | 1828 |
L27 | 宜昌百合 | 陕西安康市镇坪县洪阳乡云雾村 | 109.571 7 | 32.179 6 | 727 |
L28 | 淡黄花百合 | 四川雅安市泸定县兴隆乡 | 102.304 7 | 29.733 4 | 1 812 |
L29 | 尖被百合 | 四川雅安市宝兴县夹金山风景名胜区 | 102.707 9 | 30.856 0 | 3 548 |
L30 | 兰州百合 | 宁夏固原市隆德县温堡乡 | 105.993 5 | 35.472 9 | 1 903 |
表2
采集地土壤养分质量分数 (mg?kg-1)
编号 No. | 速效氮 Available nitrogen | 速效磷 Available phosphorus | 速效钾 Available potassium | 编号 No. | 速效氮 Available nitrogen | 速效磷 Available phosphorus | 速效钾 Available potassium |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L1 | 77.18±0.47o | 1.39±0.37j | 250.83±1.44s | L16 | 75.31±3.01o | 3.05±1.07ij | 347.83±7.01o |
L2 | 110.89±3.74m | 12.10±0.92e | 1 090.30±10.45b | L17 | 52.36±4.68p | 24.66±2.05c | 541.80±3.12k |
L3 | 235.44±2.81g | 3.62±0.70ij | 933.10±5.37d | L18 | 44.39±7.93p | 69.30±3.81a | 498.30±10.42l |
L4 | 169.44±9.48j | 6.43±1.98fghi | 802.67±4.62g | L19 | 87.97±6.79n | 4.90±0.95ghij | 1 009.97±26.48c |
L5 | 190.04±5.54i | 4.18±0.34hij | 1 113.73±21.30b | L20 | 160.53±3.06k | 54.60±2.70b | 1 337.80±16.81a |
L6 | 234.50±1.53g | 2.92±0.68ij | 277.62±23.98q | L21 | 331.91±6.10d | 8.14±0.43fg | 334.47±12.64op |
L7 | 164.03±3.25jk | 9.61±4.45ef | 642.10±15.82i | L22 | 188.16±1.72i | 6.51±0.29fghi | 501.67±2.89l |
L8 | 166.60±5.22jk | 3.82±0.91hij | 899.60±10.02e | L23 | 258.38±1.59f | 4.42±0.21ghij | 274.23±5.17qr |
L9 | 192.37±1.74i | 3.85±0.34hij | 247.50±6.61s | L24 | 417.58±2.45b | 7.54±5.56fgh | 461.50±16.18m |
L10 | 414.32±7.23b | 3.37±0.18ij | 495.00±13.23l | L25 | 284.61±1.48e | 6.36±1.63fghi | 374.57±5.06n |
L11 | 128.22±2.14l | 2.10±0.26j | 468.23±7.51m | L26 | 168.95±2.11jk | 6.30±1.00fghi | 461.53±2.66m |
L12 | 89.36±1.98n | 2.22±0.10j | 267.57±6.69qrs | L27 | 495.54±3.69a | 6.62±0.36fghi | 729.07±10.13h |
L13 | 165.20±2.86jk | 4.89±0.39ghij | 317.73±6.89p | L28 | 266.81±1.61f | 20.48±1.84d | 749.17±8.78h |
L14 | 191.45±7.95i | 12.00±1.62e | 849.50±926f | L29 | 367.49±5.49c | 4.18±0.34hij | 565.20±5.01k |
L15 | 224.67±3.56h | 3.95±0.52hij | 591.97±3.41j | L30 | 51.43±0.70p | 19.86±1.01d | 481.60±2.77lm |
表3
百合鳞茎中养分质量分数 (mg?g-1)
编号 No. | 全氮 Total nitrogen | 全磷 Total phosphorus | 全钾 Total potassium | 编号 No. | 全氮 Total nitrogen | 全磷 Total phosphorus | 全钾 Total potassium |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L1 | 7.45±0.17g | 3.66±0.12b | 8.00±0.03i | L16 | 5.09±0.16ij | 1.62±0.12fgh | 8.02±0.03i |
L2 | 3.08±0.21klm | 1.78±0.06fg | 9.52±0.03g | L17 | 12.90±0.76d | 3.03±0.02cd | 7.22±0.03j |
L3 | 1.99±0.37n | 0.37±0.06mn | 4.00±0.02p | L18 | 17.14±1.28a | 2.71±0.02d | 26.07±0.08a |
L4 | 0.39±0.25o | 3.35±0.04bc | 4.76±0.02o | L19 | 5.33±0.10ij | 2.63±0.03de | 8.99±0.48gh |
L5 | 15.13±0.95b | 0.39±0.11mn | 7.16±0.03j | L20 | 12.78±0.45d | 4.68±0.06a | 10.57±0.04f |
L6 | 10.43±0.07e | 1.57±1.32fghi | 15.75±0.44d | L21 | 0.62±0.14o | 0.61±0.04klmn | 5.04±0.47no |
L7 | 6.04±0.36hi | 0.50±0.02lmn | 5.13±0.48no | L22 | 2.26±0.31lmn | 1.24±0.02ghij | 8.55±0.45hi |
L8 | 7.00±1.06gh | 1.03±0.09ijkl | 5.57±0.02mn | L23 | 9.30±0.24f | 0.64±0.09klmn | 13.71±0.05e |
L9 | 0.40±0.25o | 1.11±0.23hijk | 4.81±0.02o | L24 | 14.04±0.69c | 2.91±0.13cd | 18.35±0.88c |
L10 | 9.02±0.17f | 2.84±0.02cd | 6.36±0.03kl | L25 | 3.25±0.09kl | 1.31±0.10ghij | 5.66±0.02mn |
L11 | 15.53±0.20b | 0.17±0.06n | 1.59±0.01q | L26 | 3.17±0.15klm | 1.66±0.02fgh | 5.84±0.47lm |
L12 | 4.86±0.30j | 2.07±0.40ef | 6.31±0.03kl | L27 | 0.87±0.57o | 1.80±0.40fg | 9.02±0.48gh |
L13 | 14.00±0.09c | 1.52±0.05fghi | 24.38±0.43b | L28 | 8.51±0.87f | 1.77±0.04fg | 8.02±0.03i |
L14 | 3.37±0.11k | 0.85±0.06jklm | 4.81±0.02o | L29 | 2.19±0.56mn | 0.52±0.04lmn | 6.59±0.47jk |
L15 | 8.48±0.20f | 1.46±0.03ghi | 9.47±0.03g | L30 | 10.66±0.11e | 2.48±0.07de | 6.10±0.45klm |
表4
百合鳞茎多酚类提取物抗氧化活性的综合评价
编号 No. | 隶属函数值 Membership function value | 综合隶属函数值 Comprehensive membership function value | 排名 Ranking | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
多酚含量 Polyphenols | 黄酮含量 Flavonoids | 总黄烷醇 含量 Total flavanols | 总花色苷 含量 Total anthocyanin | DPPH自由基 清除能力 DPPH free radicals scavenging activity | 铜离子还原能力 Copper ion reduction capacity | 金属螯合能力 Metal chelating ability | 抑制脂质 过氧化能力 Lipid peroxidation inhibition ability | |||
L1 | 0.12 | 0.46 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.16 | 0.52 | 0.05 | 1.83 | 29 |
L2 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.66 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.83 | 2.89 | 14 |
L3 | 0.24 | 0.46 | 0 | 0.33 | 0.47 | 0.22 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 2.48 | 21 |
L4 | 0.06 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.61 | 0.12 | 0.67 | 0.34 | 2.35 | 22 |
L5 | 0.07 | 0.37 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.63 | 0.08 | 0.66 | 0.28 | 2.24 | 25 |
L6 | 0.13 | 0.35 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.63 | 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 2.70 | 19 |
L7 | 0.21 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.69 | 0.18 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 3.30 | 9 |
L8 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.44 | 2.78 | 16 |
L9 | 0.06 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.69 | 0.09 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 2.14 | 26 |
L10 | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.05 | 0.27 | 0.73 | 0.29 | 0.45 | 0.29 | 2.85 | 15 |
L11 | 0.10 | 0.38 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.54 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.07 | 1.86 | 28 |
L12 | 0.37 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.71 | 0.33 | 0.41 | 1.00 | 3.46 | 8 |
L13 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 1.91 | 27 |
L14 | 0.19 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.64 | 0.30 | 0.27 | 0.93 | 2.94 | 12 |
L15 | 0.07 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.19 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.19 | 2.30 | 23 |
L16 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.59 | 0.52 | 0.65 | 0.87 | 3.09 | 10 |
L17 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.67 | 2.28 | 0.52 | 0.94 | 5.01 | 3 |
L18 | 0.57 | 0.74 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.62 | 0.53 | 0.72 | 0.88 | 4.65 | 4 |
L19 | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.71 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.88 | 3.02 | 11 |
L20 | 0.49 | 0.37 | 0.23 | 0.63 | 0.77 | 0.59 | 0.68 | 0.77 | 4.53 | 6 |
L21 | 0.30 | 0.53 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.57 | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.72 | 2.89 | 13 |
L22 | 0.16 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.59 | 0.19 | 0.29 | 0.49 | 2.26 | 24 |
L23 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.50 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.72 | 2.57 | 20 |
L24 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.89 | 0.81 | 0.62 | 0.80 | 5.48 | 1 |
L25 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 0.54 | 0.23 | 0.74 | 0.67 | 2.74 | 18 |
L26 | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.81 | 0.24 | 2.76 | 17 |
L27 | 0.70 | 0.83 | 0.17 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 5.09 | 2 |
L28 | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.05 | 0.18 | 0.75 | 0.55 | 0.29 | 0.80 | 3.72 | 7 |
L29 | 0.46 | 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.37 | 0.66 | 0.37 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 4.62 | 5 |
L30 | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.82 | 30 |
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