植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 228-240.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.02.009
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
田林平1, 韩文哲1, 吴军2, 马元东1, 齐雨1, 王兆宁1, 李春明1, 李海霞3, 刘焕臻1, 范海娟1()
收稿日期:
2024-09-30
出版日期:
2025-03-20
发布日期:
2025-04-04
通讯作者:
范海娟
E-mail:fhj200507@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:
田林平(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事林木遗传改良研究。
基金资助:
Linping TIAN1, Wenzhe HAN1, Jun WU2, Yuandong MA1, Yu QI1, Zhaoning WANG1, Chunming LI1, Haixia LI3, Huanzhen LIU1, Haijuan FAN1()
Received:
2024-09-30
Online:
2025-03-20
Published:
2025-04-04
Contact:
Haijuan FAN
E-mail:fhj200507@nefu.edu.cn
摘要:
东北槭(Acer mandshuricum)为东北地区极具观赏价值的彩叶树种,但繁殖困难,该研究旨在提高东北槭嫩枝扦插生根率,厘清平茬处理与东北槭嫩枝扦插生根的关系。2023年,以未平茬东北槭当年嫩枝(Pc-CK)为对照,观测Pc-2(2022年平茬)和Pc-1(2023年平茬)当年嫩枝横截面解剖结构、生长指标、叶片生理生化指标及嫩枝插穗生根指标。结果表明:Pc-1嫩枝插穗生根率、平均根长、平均生根数量和根系效果指数均大于Pc-2(P<0.05)和Pc-CK(P<0.05);嫩枝茎横截面表皮及皮层厚角组织厚度、木质部厚度由小到大依次为Pc-1、Pc-2、Pc-CK(P<0.05)。Pc-1嫩枝枝长、基径、叶面积、叶鲜质量及含水量均显著大于Pc-CK(P<0.05)。Pc-1叶片净光合速率和气孔导度分别比Pc-CK提高90%和89%(P<0.05)。同时,Pc-1叶片的叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著大于Pc-CK(P<0.05),而Pc-CK叶片的丙二醛(MDA)、总黄酮、总酚含量显著大于Pc-1(P<0.05)。综上,平茬处理使东北槭嫩枝复幼,从而促进扦插生根,且Pc-1的幼化生根效果较好,为嫩枝扦插繁殖提供了支撑。
中图分类号:
田林平, 韩文哲, 吴军, 马元东, 齐雨, 王兆宁, 李春明, 李海霞, 刘焕臻, 范海娟. 平茬对东北槭嫩枝幼化及扦插生根的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(2): 228-240.
Linping TIAN, Wenzhe HAN, Jun WU, Yuandong MA, Yu QI, Zhaoning WANG, Chunming LI, Haixia LI, Huanzhen LIU, Haijuan FAN. Stumping Effect on Rejuvenation of Twigs and Rooting of Softwood Cuttings of Acer Mandshuricum[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(2): 228-240.
表1
东北槭不同平茬处理下嫩枝横截面部分结构的厚度与占比
处理 Treatment | 横截面半径 Cross-section radius/μm | 髓半径 Pith radius/μm | 髓占比 Pith proportion/% | 木质部厚度 Xylem thickness/μm | 木质部占比 Xylem proportion/% | 表皮和皮层厚角组织厚度 Epidermis and cortex collenchyma thickness/μm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pc-1 | 1 326.93±14.87a | 641.75±20.86a | 48.37±0.41a | 387.44±22.22c | 27.73±1.35b | 18.55±1.13a |
Pc-2 | 1 369.20±49.46a | 518.75±6.42b | 37.91±1.10b | 496.88±17.15b | 36.27±1.16a | 62.77±1.20b |
Pc-CK | 1 389.70±18.71a | 494.52±2.77c | 35.59±0.65c | 535.88±16.71a | 37.03±0.17a | 71.11±1.05c |
表2
东北槭不同平茬处理下嫩枝生长指标
处理 Treatment | 枝长 Twig length/cm | 基径 Basal diameter/mm | 叶面积 Leaf area/cm2 | 叶鲜质量 Leaf fresh mass/g | 叶干质量 Leaf dry mass/g | 叶含水量 Leaf moisture content/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pc-1 | 26.50±3.35a | 3.82±0.46a | 60.79±0.96a | 0.74±0.11a | 0.19±0.10a | 74.22±3.59a |
Pc-2 | 23.89±1.86a | 3.32±0.22ab | 44.55±0.78b | 0.63±0.03ab | 0.17±0.12a | 72.35±1.69a |
Pc-CK | 19.12±3.86b | 2.91±0.42b | 32.59±1.43c | 0.52±0.02b | 0.17±0.01a | 66.72±2.07b |
表6
东北槭不同处理下叶片抗氧化指标
处理 Treatment | 超氧化物歧化酶活性 SOD activity /(U·g-1) | 过氧化物酶活性 POD activity /(U·g-1) | 过氧化氢酶活性 CAT activity /(U·g-1) | 丙二醛质量摩尔浓度 MDA molality /(nmol·g-1) | 总黄酮质量分数 Total flavonoids mass fraction /(mg·g-1) | 总酚质量分数 Total phenolics mass fraction /(mg·g-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pc-1 | 253.30±70.72a | 160.67±10.26a | 965.29±86.68a | 15.83±1.96c | 7.01±1.79b | 4.76±0.75b |
Pc-2 | 130.07±16.35b | 117.00±13.00b | 642.44±76.27b | 19.49±0.99b | 11.79±1.73a | 5.72±0.42b |
Pc-CK | 148.16±23.52b | 72.67±15.18c | 661.80±54.37b | 23.15±2.20a | 14.12±0.37a | 8.14±0.54a |
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