植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 474-480.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.03.019
• 研究综述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2020-12-25
出版日期:
2021-05-20
发布日期:
2021-03-24
通讯作者:
郭晓瑞
E-mail:xruiguo@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:
陈华峰(1978—),男,硕士,主要从事植物代谢及生理生态学研究。
基金资助:
Hua-Feng CHEN1, Yu-Qing TANG2, Ya-Jie PAN1, Xiao-Rui GUO1()
Received:
2020-12-25
Online:
2021-05-20
Published:
2021-03-24
Contact:
Xiao-Rui GUO
E-mail:xruiguo@nefu.edu.cn
About author:
CHEN Hua-Feng(1978—),male,postgraduate,major in plant Metabolism and Physiological Ecology.
Supported by:
摘要:
果实风味是重要农艺性状,基因组、代谢组、转录组等多组学联用技术的发展和应用,已相对系统地揭示了风味物质基础。这些物质代谢具有明显的器官、发育以及环境特异性调控的特点,其代谢机制的阐述是果品调控的重要研究热点问题。乙烯是植物生长发育过程中重要的信号分子,对果实风味物质的合成和代谢具有独特的调节作用。在近年来国内外果实风味物质研究的基础上,本文总结了果实风味的代谢基础、调控机制、风味物质对乙烯信号的响应以及生物信息学在果实风味研究中的应用。最后,对该方向未来的发展提出展望,以期为果实风味营养的提高和调控提供理论参考。
中图分类号:
陈华峰, 唐玉情, 潘亚婕, 郭晓瑞. 果实风味的代谢基础及其调控机制研究进展[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(3): 474-480.
Hua-Feng CHEN, Yu-Qing TANG, Ya-Jie PAN, Xiao-Rui GUO. Progress on the Metabolic Basis and Regulation Mechanism of Fruit Flavor[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 474-480.
表1
不同芳香物质代谢合成途径
前体物质 Precursor substance | 形成的芳香物 Aromatics formed | 合成途径 Synthetic pathway | 合成发育阶段 Synthetic development stage | 举例 Example |
---|---|---|---|---|
脂肪酸 | 直链脂肪族醇、醛、酮和酯类物质 | β-氧化脂氧合酶(LOX)氧化 | 果实成熟过程中产生 | C8-C12内酯化合物具有类似椰子、桃的香味 |
氨基酸 | 支链脂肪族醇、醛、酮和酯类物质 | 氨基酸代谢转氨基作用 | 果实成熟过程中产生,而非细胞分裂过程 | 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸通过莽草酸途径合成香精油 |
羟基酸 | 烯萜类化合物 | 甲戊二羟酸途径(MVA) | 在番茄中形成于绿果阶段 | 橘子中发现萜类物质占挥发物的85%~95% |
单糖和糖苷 | 羧酸酯和含硫的酯 | 水解等 | 十字花科植物特征物质的合成 | |
色素 | 挥发物质如C8、C13、C18 直链和环状异戊二烯(C5)等组分 | 降解 | 果实形成过程中,多在细胞分裂后发生 | 番茄红素和类胡萝卜素都可降解生成挥发物质 |
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