金叶连翘叶片色素含量和解剖结构研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2020.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 金叶连翘不同冠层的成熟叶片呈现为不同颜色。以朝鲜连翘深绿色叶为对照，观察金叶连翘冠层上、中、下位叶色，测定其叶片大小和叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量，同时观察分析叶片横切面解剖结构，旨在阐明叶片色素含量和解剖结构对叶色的影响。研究表明：上层黄色、中层黄绿色、下层浅绿色，黄、黄绿、浅绿色叶总叶绿素含量分别是对照组的0.51%、4.44%和66.47%，均极显著低于对照（P<0.01），但黄绿叶的叶绿素a/b比值显著升高（P<0.05），黄、黄绿叶的总叶绿素/类胡萝卜素比值极显著降低（P<0.01）。黄、黄绿叶的叶绿体发育停滞于单片层时期，类囊体分化程度低，浅绿叶类囊基粒片层肿胀；黄叶细胞器降解，栅栏组织细胞形状难以辨别，黄绿叶上表皮细胞凸起。金叶连翘属于总叶绿素及叶绿素b合成减少型突变体，表现为叶绿素严重缺失，类胡萝卜素相对含量升高；其叶绿体发育停滞，类囊体结构异常，是金叶连翘叶片呈现不同颜色的主要因素，与其叶片解剖显微结构无关。

关键词: 金叶连翘, 显微结构, 超微结构, 叶绿素, 类囊体

Abstract: The mature leaves of different canopy layers of Forsythia koreana ‘Sun Gold’ appeared different colors. In order to explore the effect of leaf pigment content and anatomical structure on leaf color, we used deep green leaves of F.koreana as control materials aimed to observe the leaf color of top, middle and bottom canopy, meanwhile measured and analyzed the blade area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. The total chlorophyll contents of top yellow, middle yellow green and deep light green leaves were 0.51%, 4.44% and 66.47% of control respectively, which were extremely significantly lower than control(P<0.01). However, the chlorophyll a/b ratio of yellow green leaves increased significantly(P<0.05), while the total chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio of yellow green leaves decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01). The chloroplast development of the yellow and yellow green leaves was stay in the monolayer stage, the degree of thylakoid differentiation was lower than control, and the grana lamella of the light green leaves was swollen. The anatomical structure of the leaves showed that the organelle was degraded, and the shape of palisade tissue cells was difficult to distinguish. However, the upper epidermal cell of yellow green leaves was convex. F.koreana ‘Sun Gold’ belongs to the mutant of total chlorophyll and reduced chlorophyll b synthesis, which is characterized by serious chlorophyll deficiency and increased relative carotenoid content. The chloroplast development of F.koreana ‘Sun Gold’ was stagnated and the thylakoid structure was abnormal, which was the main factor for the different color of its leaves, which had nothing to do with the microscopic structure of its leaves.

Key words: Forsythia koreana ‘Sun Gold’, microstructure, ultrastructure, chlorophyll, thylakoid

中图分类号:

Q944.56

孙旺旺, 孟宪敏, 徐秀源, 伍敏华, 秦梦阳, 林梦梦, 张新妍, 岳国忠. 金叶连翘叶片色素含量和解剖结构研究[J]. 植物研究, 2020, 40(3): 321-329.

SUN Wang-Wang, MENG Xian-Min, XU Xiu-Yuan, WU Min-Hua, QIN Meng-Yang, LIN Meng-Meng, ZHANG Xin-Yan, YUE Guo-Zhong. Contents of Pigments and Anatomical Structure in the Leaves of Forsythia koreana ‘Sun Gold’[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(3): 321-329.

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