新疆野苹果不同地理分布与树龄的叶片解剖结构特征

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2015.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以新疆野苹果为材料，对不同居群及不同树龄叶片解剖结构特征进行了分析研究。结果表明：新疆野苹果叶片属于异面叶，由上表皮、栅栏组织、叶脉、海绵组织和下表皮组成；不同居群新疆野苹果叶片厚度及细胞排列方式有差异，巩留、额敏及托里的野苹果栅栏组织增厚，且栅栏组织/海绵组织比值增大；新源的野苹果叶片及栅栏组织较薄，栅栏组织/海绵组织比值偏低；不同树龄新疆野苹果叶片厚度随着树龄的增大而呈变薄的趋势，多年生野苹果及野苹果“树王”栅栏组织及海绵组织层数最少，厚度较薄。这些结果暗示新疆野苹果通过各部分结构的协调生长来保证光合作用效率，以适应不同的生长环境以及处于不同发育时期的生长状况。本研究为新疆野苹果原位保护、保育提供了实验依据。

关键词: 新疆野苹果, 解剖结构, 生态适应性

Abstract: We analyzed the characters of leaf anatomical structures of Malus sieversii(wild apple trees) in different populations and different growth ages by paraffin sections. The leaf of M.sieversii is bifacial, composed of upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll and lower epidermis. Thickness of tissues and patterns of cell arrangement is not same in different populations, and those in GongLiu, EMin and TuoLi show thickened palisade mesophyll and higher value of P/S ratio. However, the leaves of wild apple trees in XinYuan correlate with thinner palisade mesophyll and lower P/S. Leaf thickness reduces with the increase of age of tree. The perennial and “The King of Wild Apple” are with less layers of palisade and spongy as well as the thinner leaves. Our results imply that M.sieversii can adapt to different environment and growth status to ensure the efficiency of photosynthesis with the coordination of each part of the anatomical structure. Our data provide evidences for in situ preservation and conservation of M.sieversii.

Key words: Malus sieversii, anatomical structure, ecological adaptability

中图分类号:

杨美玲；闫秀娜；于玮玮；龙鸿；阎国荣*. 新疆野苹果不同地理分布与树龄的叶片解剖结构特征[J]. 植物研究, 2015, 35(4): 509-514.

YANG Mei-Ling；YAN Xiu-Na；YU Wei-Wei；LONG Hong；YAN Guo-Rong*. Characteristics of Leaf Anatomical Structure of Malus sieversii in Different Geographical Distribution and Plant Age[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(4): 509-514.

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