Abstract: Genetic variation level was determined for four subpopulations of Rhodiola sachalinensis using allozyme analysis, allele variation at 18 loci was determined for 9 enzyme systems.The results showed that there were relative genetic variability within population and not very high.It was concerned with the limited distribution and its biological characteristics.The value of genetic identity among three subpopulations in Heilongjiang province was very high, but there were some genetic differentiation between the subpopulations distributed in Changbai Mountain and the subpopulations distributed in Heilongjiang province, and there were very highly different at some loci.This owes to the reason of adapting special environment.

Key words: Rhodiola sachalinensis, Genetic ecology, Allozyme, Genetic variation, Adaption