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Bulletin of Botanical Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 120-130.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.01.011

• Original Paper • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Colloidal Gold Immune Distribution Characteristics of Arabinogalactan Proteins during Fruit Development of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwu Changzao’

Xiaoling MA, Yingcai ZHANG(), Jing WANG, Guoqi ZHENG   

  1. School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021
  • Received:2024-12-13 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-01-20
  • Contact: Yingcai ZHANG E-mail:yingcaizh@163.com

Abstract:

Arabinogalactan proteins(AGPs) play an important role in fruit ripening and softening. In order to explore the distribution characteristics and dynamic changes of AGPs in fruits of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwu Changzao’ during development, the monoclonal antibody JIM13 and colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy technology were used to analyze the ultrastructural characteristics and the immunological cell distribution of AGPs of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwu Changzao’ fruits at four different developmental stages. The results showed that after labeled with 10 nm colloidal gold particles, there were a large number of gold particles distributed in the cell interior and cell walls of parenchymal cells in the phloem and far away from the vascular bundles, and there were also gold particles distributed in the vacuoles, plastids and other organelles during the early stage of fruit enlargement. During the rapid enlargement period, there were a large number of gold particles distributed in the cell walls and cell interior of sieve tube molecules and parenchymal cells far away from the vascular bundles. During the coloring period, there were a few gold particles in the cell walls and cell interior of sieve tubes, companion cells and parenchymal cells in phloem of vascular bundles, as well as parenchymal cells far away from the vascular bundles. During the maturation period, in the companion cells in phloem of vascular bundles, as well as parenchymal cells far away from vascular bundles, there were a small number of gold particles on the cell walls and close to the plasma membrane, and a few gold particles inside the cell wall, and on the vesicles, mitochondria, plastids and large central vacuoles. The results suggested that AGPs were mainly distributed on the cell wall, near the plasma membrane, inside the cell and the organelles, and there were some differences in distribution of AGPs in fruits at different developmental stages: more AGPs distributed in the cell wall and inside the cell in the early bulking period and the rapid enlargement period, and a small number of AGPs distributed in the cell wall and inside the cell in the coloring and ripening periods. The results provided cytological basis for revealing the effect of AGPs on fruit quality.

Key words: Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwu Changzao’, fruit, arabinogalactan proteins, colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy

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