Effect of 2,4-D Treatment on Calcium Uptake and the Relationship with IAA and Organic Acid Metabolism in Cerasus humilis Fruit

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.06.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between calcium uptake， organic acid metabolism and IAA during the development and ripening of Cerasus humilis fruit by treatment with exogenous plant growth regulator 2，4-D. The low-calcium C. humilis MY-9 fruit in Inner Mongolia was sprayed for 2，4-D at the young fruit stage and the coloring and swelling stage， and the effects on calcium uptake and organic acid metabolism and IAA during fruit development and maturity under 2，4-D treatment were studied with clean water treatment as control， and correlation analysis was carried out. The results showed that （1）In terms of calcium uptake rate， the uptake rate of pectin calcium， active calcium and total calcium was similar to that of the control， which increased first and then decreased， the uptake rate of the above three types of calcium from hard core stage to maturity stage was significantly higher than that of the control. On the contrary， the uptake rate of water-soluble calcium decreased first and then increased， and the value at late stage of fruit development was significantly higher than that of the control. In terms of calcium uptake activity， the changes of the four calcium forms were similar， showing a continuous decrease， and the calcium uptake activity of the treatment was significantly higher than that of the control. In terms of relative-growth calcium uptake， the changes of the four calcium forms were consistent， all of which increased first and then decreased， and the value of treatment at the hard-core and full-maturity stages was significantly higher than that of the control. （2）The activity of NAD-MDH， the amount of malic acid and organic acid increased with the development and maturity of fruits， and the activity of NADP-ME and citric acid decreased with the development and maturity of fruits， and the content of organic acids and related enzymes could be increased to varying degrees by 2，4-D treatment. （3）On the whole， the IAA content of the treatment and the control increased first and then decreased， and there were significant differences between the treatment and the control during the whole development period， and the 2，4-D treatment could significantly increase the IAA content of C. humilis fruit. （4）Correlation analysis showed that the uptake rate and relative-growth uptake rate of water-soluble calcium were significantly positively correlated with NAD-MDH activity， malic acid and organic acids contents， and negatively correlated with IAA content， NADP-ME activity and citric acid content. The uptake activities of pectin calcium， active calcium and total calcium were significantly positively correlated with IAA content， NADP-ME activity and citric acid content， and negatively correlated with NAD-MDH activity， malic acid and organic acids content. 2，4-D treatment increased the correlation between calcium uptake and citric acid content. In conclusion， 2，4-D treatment can increase the calcium uptake capacity， organic acid metabolism and IAA content in C. humilis fruit. With the enhancement of NAD-MDH activity， the contents of malic acid and organic acid increased， which would promote the uptake of water-soluble calcium， but decreased the uptake capacity of pectin calcium， active calcium and total calcium， while the increase of citric acid and IAA content would reduce the uptake of water-soluble calcium， and promote the uptake of pectin calcium， active calcium and total calcium. The 2，4-D treatment regulated the calcium uptake of fruits by increasing the metabolism of organic acids and the content of IAA.

Key words: Cerasus humilis fruits, 2，4-D, calcium uptake, organic acid metabolism, IAA

CLC Number:

S662.3

Guoshi SU, Li ZHANG, Suotong LIU, Xiaoyan LI, Zhimao QIN, Jinli GUO. Effect of 2,4-D Treatment on Calcium Uptake and the Relationship with IAA and Organic Acid Metabolism in Cerasus humilis Fruit[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(6): 832-842.

Figures/Tables 7

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Table 1

The correlation between different forms of calcium uptake and IAA and organic acid metabolism under 2，4-D treatment

钙素类型 Calcium type	处理 Treatment	指标 Index	钙摄取速率 Ca uptake rate	钙摄取活性 Ca uptake activity	相对生长钙摄取量 Relative-growth Ca uptake
水溶钙 Water-soluble calcium	2，4-D	IAA	-0.874**	-0.052	-0.779**
		NAD-MDH	0.919**	-0.474	0.949**
		NADP-ME	-0.907**	0.428	-0.861**
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.902**	-0.524*	0.943**
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.872**	0.620*	-0.810**
		有机酸Organic acid	0.761**	-0.364	0.850**
	CK	IAA	-0.921**	0.526*	-0.831**
		NAD-MDH	0.931**	-0.559*	0.823**
		NADP-ME	-0.864**	0.455	-0.860**
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.851**	-0.713**	0.783**
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.570*	0.085	-0.332
		有机酸Organic acid	0.802**	-0.727**	0.759**
果胶钙 Pectin calcium	2，4-D	IAA	-0.050	0.598*	0.563*
		NAD-MDH	0.283	-0.831**	-0.234
		NADP-ME	-0.232	0.806**	0.315
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.344	-0.835**	-0.162
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.178	0.859**	0.253
		有机酸Organic acid	0.514*	-0.635*	0.001
	CK	IAA	-0.052	0.823**	0.363
		NAD-MDH	-0.150	-0.892**	-0.497
		NADP-ME	-0.213	0.724**	0.216
		苹果酸Malic acid	-0.014	-0.919**	-0.332
		柠檬酸Citric acid	0.069	0.374	0.428
		有机酸Organic acid	0.041	-0.892**	-0.262
活性钙 Active calcium	2，4-D	IAA	-0.403	0.502	0.390
		NAD-MDH	0.632*	-0.802**	-0.009
		NADP-ME	-0.581*	0.771**	0.114
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.680**	-0.814**	0.064
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.518*	0.853**	0.062
		有机酸Organic acid	0.777**	-0.613*	0.209
	CK	IAA	-0.356	0.794**	0.219
		NAD-MDH	0.163	-0.851**	-0.355
		NADP-ME	-0.494	0.691**	0.066
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.269	-0.905**	-0.196
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.122	0.326	0.372
		有机酸Organic acid	0.306	-0.885**	-0.130
总钙 Total calcium	2，4-D	IAA	-0.274	0.468	0.480
		NAD-MDH	0.437	-0.797**	-0.190
		NADP-ME	-0.395	0.759**	0.275
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.498	-0.810**	-0.112
		柠檬酸Citric acid	-0.304	0.852**	0.248
		有机酸Organic acid	0.656**	-0.610*	0.070
	CK	IAA	-0.122	0.798**	0.415
		NAD-MDH	-0.090	-0.847**	-0.546*
		NADP-ME	-0.280	0.701**	0.263
		苹果酸Malic acid	0.006	-0.911**	-0.406
		柠檬酸Citric acid	0.008	0.320	0.456
		有机酸Organic acid	0.051	-0.895**	-0.340

Table 1

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