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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 441-448.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.03.015

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

入侵植物北美车前和野胡萝卜种内及种间的化感作用

张玥, 张泉灵, 洪志, 阚子涵, 储昭月, 陶冶()   

  1. 安庆师范大学生命科学学院,皖西南生物多样性研究与生态保护安徽省重点实验室,安庆 246133
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-02 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 陶冶 E-mail:xishanyeren@163.com
  • 作者简介:张玥(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生物学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金项目(1708085MC77);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0561);皖西南生物多样性研究与生态保护安徽省重点实验室开放基金(2018ZD03)

Intraspecific and Interspecific Allelopathy of Invasive Plants Plantago virgica and Daucus carota

Yue ZHANG, Quan-Ling ZHANG, Zhi HONG, KAN Zi-Han, Zhao-Yue CHU, Ye TAO()   

  1. The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui,College of Life Sciences,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133
  • Received:2020-03-02 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-03-24
  • Contact: Ye TAO E-mail:xishanyeren@163.com
  • About author:ZHANG Yue(1999—),female,master student,engaged in plant biology.
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1708085MC77);Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(KJ2019A0561);Open fund of the Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui(2018ZD03)

摘要:

当前入侵植物种类和入侵范围均日益扩大,而多种入侵植物共同入侵同一生境的概率也逐渐增加。为探讨这些入侵植物种内和种间的化感作用以及化感作用对其竞争能力的影响,本研究以北美车前(Plantago virgica)和野胡萝卜(Daucus carota)为例,采用室内生物学测定法,分析了2种植物不同器官(根、茎或花序轴、叶)、不同浓度(CK、0.005、0.01和0.05 g·mL-1)的水浸提液培养对其自身和对方种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,浸提液浓度对2种入侵植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响最大,且浓度、器官及物种之间存在显著交互作用。2物种各器官各浓度浸提液对二者种子萌发总体表现为抑制;中低浓度浸提液对同种植物幼苗生长有一定促进作用;高浓度浸提液尤其是野胡萝卜叶浸提液对二者种子萌发与幼苗生长均有显著抑制作用。综合化感效应指数表明,浸提液浓度越高抑制作用越强,地上部分化感效应强于地下,且野胡萝卜对北美车前的种间化感作用最强。由此可见,种内和种间化感作用是入侵植物在相同入侵地相互竞争的重要方式。

关键词: 北美车前, 野胡萝卜, 种间化感作用, 种内化感作用, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

At present, the species number and distribution range of invasive plants are gradually expanding, and the probability that multiple invasive plants invade the same habitat is increasing. In order to explore the intra- and inter-specific allelopathy of these invasive plants and the effect of allelopathy on their competitive ability, Plantago virgica and Daucus carota were chosen as examples of invasive plants. Using the biological method in laboratory, the effects of different concentrations(CK, 0.005, 0.01 and 0.05 g·mL-1) of water extracts from different organs(root, stem or rachis, and leaf) of the two plants on seed germination and seedling growth of self and the other were analyzed. The concentration of the extract had the greatest influence on the seed germination and seedling growth of the two invasive plants, and there were significant interactions among the concentration, organs and species. In general, each concentration of water extracts from different organs of the two plants showed inhibition on seed germination of the two plants. The medium and low concentrations of extracts promoted the seedling growth of the same species to an extent. High concentrations of extracts, especially extract from leaves of D.carota, significantly inhibited the seed germination and the seedling growth of the two plants. The allelopathic synthesis effect index indicated that the higher the concentration of the extract, the stronger inhibition effect. The allelopathic effect of the over-ground part was stronger than the underground part and D.carota showed the strongest interspecific allelopathy to P.virgica. Consequently, it is important that the invasive plants compete with each other for the intraspecific and interspecific allelopathy in the invaded area.

Key words: Plantago virgica, Daucus carota, interspecific allelopathy, intraspecific allelopathy, seed germination, seedling growth

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