植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 251-260.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.02.010
唐莹莹1, 郭传超1, 石荡1, 蒋南林1, 许正2, 刘立强1()
收稿日期:
2022-06-13
出版日期:
2023-03-20
发布日期:
2023-03-07
通讯作者:
刘立强
E-mail:llq9989@126.com
作者简介:
唐莹莹(1995—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事果树栽培与生理方面的研究。
基金资助:
Yingying TANG1, Chuanchao GUO1, Dang SHI1, Nanlin JIANG1, Zheng XU2, Liqiang LIU1()
Received:
2022-06-13
Online:
2023-03-20
Published:
2023-03-07
Contact:
Liqiang LIU
E-mail:llq9989@126.com
About author:
TANG Yingying(1995—),female,postgraduate,research interests are fruit tree cultivation and physiology.
Supported by:
摘要:
为探明新疆野杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)种子萌发与幼苗生长对果肉和埋土深度的响应,以期为新疆野杏的天然更新与实生苗培育提供理论参考。通过2种果皮结构(有果肉和无果肉)的种子在不同埋土深度(地表至18.0 cm的14个梯度)对新疆野杏种子萌发和幼苗生长进行研究,旨在揭示果皮结构和埋土深度对新疆野杏种子萌发与成苗能力的影响。结果表明:果肉和埋土深度显著影响野杏种子的萌发、幼苗生长与质量(P<0.05)。埋土深度<3.0 cm不利于成苗,埋土深度>6.0 cm时,萌发能力与幼苗生长量随埋土深度的增加而降低,3.0~6.0 cm为适宜埋土深度。无果肉种子萌发优于有果肉种子,萌发率、萌发指数、成苗率、活力指数分别增长了37.18%、3.88%、37.18%、26.59%,幼苗高、基径、叶片数量、根冠比、幼苗质量指数分别增长了36.99%、7.48%、68.69%、20.61%、14.29%,其萌发能力与幼苗生长量显著高于有果肉种子(P<0.05)。有无果肉种子的萌发和幼苗生长指标与埋土深度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,无果肉处理对新疆野杏种子萌发和幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用,在埋土深度为3.0~6.0 cm时,新疆野杏种子萌发整齐性高。
中图分类号:
唐莹莹, 郭传超, 石荡, 蒋南林, 许正, 刘立强. 果肉和埋土深度对新疆野杏种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(2): 251-260.
Yingying TANG, Chuanchao GUO, Dang SHI, Nanlin JIANG, Zheng XU, Liqiang LIU. Effects of Pulp and Buried Depth on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Armeniaca vulgaris[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(2): 251-260.
表1
不同埋土深度条件下无果肉和有果肉野杏种子萌发率、萌发速率系数和萌发指数的变化
埋土深度 Buried depth /cm | 萌发率 Germination rate /% | 萌发速率系数 Coefficient of rate of germination | 萌发指数 Germination index | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
无果肉 No pulp | 有果肉 Pulpy | 无果肉 No pulp | 有果肉 Pulpy | 无果肉 No pulp | 有果肉 Pulpy | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0.5 | 34.45±5.45e* | 21.11±1.22f* | 1286.25±16.78e | 1596.97±38.10e | 0.31±0.19ef | 0.07±0.03e |
1.0 | 63.33±4.30de | 56.67±1.68bc | 466.67±5.67g | 909.77±8.10g | 0.39±0.01ef* | 0.25±0.26de* |
2.0 | 73.33±5.23d | 57.68±1.51bc | 833.75±23.97fg | 1318.21±24.58efg | 0.49±0.02e | 0.36±0.09d |
3.0 | 90.00±2.52a* | 66.67±1.48a* | 992.27±34.86efg | 1083.38±31.94fg | 1.50±0.11a* | 1.07±0.28a* |
4.0 | 88.89±4.01ab* | 62.21±1.75ab* | 1038.81±26.76efg | 1391.83±30.48efg | 1.29±0.17b* | 0.92±0.03b* |
5.0 | 85.31±4.86b* | 61.11±5.04ab* | 1163.95±25.59ef | 1580.77±29.78def | 0.94±0.15c* | 0.78±0.06bc* |
6.0 | 78.89±4.53bc* | 60.12±5.21ab* | 1366.27±26.37de | 1790.15±23.58cde | 0.75±0.01d* | 0.59±0.07c* |
8.0 | 55.78±4.02de* | 49.55±3.78cd* | 1801.51±6.76cd | 1912.81±26.58cd | 0.14±0.03fg | 0.13±0.01de |
10.0 | 50.11±2.91e* | 42.22±4.49de* | 1980.99±24.24cd | 2079.74±24.44cd | 0.14±0.04fg* | 0.08±0.04e* |
12.0 | 48.89±2.84e* | 38.89±3.97e* | 2202.25±26.02bc | 2242.54±27.29bc | 0.04±0.01g | 0.03±0.02e |
14.0 | 18.89±3.23f | 16.67±0.56f | 2395.24±20.02b* | 2647.78±22.34b* | 0.02±0.01g | 0.01±0.01e |
16.0 | 9.44±2.34g* | 1.11±1.08g* | 2943.71±15.16a* | 3171.32±15.32a* | 0.01±0.00g | 0.00±0.00e |
18.0 | 4.44±2.61g | 1.11±1.02g | 3147.24±27.88a* | 3553.17±12.52a* | 0.01±0.00g | 0.00±0.00e |
表2
果肉和埋土深度对野杏种子萌发影响的双因素方差分析
萌发参数 Germination parameter | 果肉 Pulp | 埋土深度 Buried depth | 果肉×埋土深度 Pulp×Buried depth | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |
萌发率 Germination rate | 28.60 | <0.001 | 29.53 | <0.001 | 2.71 | 0.044 |
萌发速率系数 Coefficient of rate of germination | 29.29 | <0.001 | 42.67 | <0.001 | 1.02 | 0.445 |
萌发指数 Germination index | 33.57 | <0.001 | 36.04 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 0.299 |
成苗率 Seedling rate | 64.37 | <0.001 | 73.15 | <0.001 | 3.16 | 0.001 |
活力指数 Vigor index | 34.12 | <0.001 | 48.71 | <0.001 | 10.42 | <0.001 |
表3
果肉和埋土深度对野杏幼苗生长影响的双因素方差分析
生长指标 Growth index | 果肉 Pulp | 埋土深度 Buried depth | 果肉×埋土深度 Pulp×Buried depth | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |
株高 Plant height | 7.82 | 0.007 | 8.98 | <0.001 | 2.17 | 0.027 |
基径 Basal diameter | 108.81 | <0.001 | 91.40 | <0.001 | 53.01 | <0.001 |
叶片数量 Leaf number | 79.35 | <0.001 | 39.39 | <0.001 | 14.00 | <0.001 |
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio | 52.23 | <0.001 | 22.79 | <0.001 | 2.48 | 0.012 |
幼苗质量指数 Seedling quality index | 31.35 | <0.001 | 30.22 | <0.001 | 5.57 | <0.001 |
表4
不同果肉处理下野杏种子萌发参数、生长指标与埋土深度间的回归分析
指标 Index | 无果肉 No pulp | 有果肉 Pulpy | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | P | 标准系数 Standardized coefficient | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | P | 标准系数 Standardized coefficient | |
萌发率Germination rate | y=-3.56x+82.76 | 0.406 | 0.015 | -0.678 | y=-3.03x+64.50 | 0.525 | 0.003 | -0.751 |
萌发速率系数 Coefficient of rate of germination | y=124.97x+667.50 | 0.854 | 0.000 | 0.932 | y=128.39x+961.89 | 0.903 | 0.000 | 0.955 |
萌发指数Germination index | y=-0.04x+0.71 | 0.256 | 0.045 | -0.564 | y=-0.03x+0.50 | 0.275 | 0.038 | -0.579 |
成苗率Seedling rate | y=-3.36x+60.22 | 0.584 | 0.001 | -0.780 | y=-4.46x+81.42 | 0.573 | 0.002 | -0.786 |
活力指数Vigor index | y=-0.28x+7.06 | 0.599 | 0.006 | -0.735 | y=-0.27x+5.78 | 0.599 | 0.001 | -0.795 |
株高Plant height | y=-1.68x+46.30 | 0.687 | 0.001 | -0.846 | y=-1.75x+37.92 | 0.718 | 0.000 | -0.861 |
基径Basal diameter | y=-0.07x+3.39 | 0.746 | 0.001 | -0.844 | y=-0.17x+3.84 | 0.745 | 0.000 | -0.875 |
叶片数Leaf number | y=-1.85x+43.33 | 0.640 | 0.000 | -0.818 | y=-1.44x+28.92 | 0.785 | 0.000 | -0.896 |
根冠比Root-shoot ratio | y=-0.01x+0.40 | 0.634 | 0.001 | -0.817 | y=-0.02x+0.33 | 0.660 | 0.000 | -0.830 |
幼苗质量指数 Seedling quality index | y=-0.01x+0.20 | 0.608 | 0.002 | -0.803 | y=-0.01x+0.18 | 0.657 | 0.000 | -0.828 |
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