基于nrITS、psbA-trnH和DMC1序列中国短柄草族的系统进化和生物地理学研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2018.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 短柄草族（Brachypodieae）有短柄草（Brachypodium sylvaticum）和二穗短柄草（Brachypodium distachyum）两种模式植物，具有重要科研价值，与雀麦族（Bromeae）和小麦族（Triticeae）的系统位置关系尚不明确。据此，本文运用最大简约法（MP）、最大似然法（ML）和贝叶斯推断法（BI）对叶绿体基因片段psbA-trnH、核糖体基因转录间隔区ITS、单拷贝核基因片段DMC1以及psbA-trnH+nrITS+DMC1联合序列数据进行分析，来揭示三者的系统学位置关系。研究结果表明，在DMC1、nrITS以及联合基因序列构建的系统进化树中，短柄草族、雀麦族、小麦族各自聚为一支，且具有较高的支持率；在叶绿体基因psbA-trnH构建的系统进化树中，短柄草族聚为一支，雀麦族分散镶嵌在小麦族中，提示小麦族、雀麦族之间发生了多种进化情况。利用BEAST和RASP对psbA-trnH+nrITS+DMC1联合序列分析，结果表明：小麦族起源于西北地区，物种形成时间多集中在13-7 Ma，与青藏高原中新世中晚期（13-7 Ma）的隆起一致；短柄草族起源于西南地区，物种形成时间多集中在3 Ma之后，这与东亚季风的加强和青藏高原上新世以来的剧烈抬升时间一致，中国特有种草地短柄草（Brachypodium pratense）也是在该时间段分化形成。

关键词: 短柄草族, 禾本科, 系统进化, 生物地理

Abstract: Brachypodieae have two model plants, Brachypodium distachyum and Brachypodium sylvaticum, with important research value. Brachypodieae also have some problems in the systematic position with Bromeae and Triticeae. We used maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to analyze the relationship of three tribes, basing on sequences of DMC1, nrITS, psbA-trnH and DMC1+psbA-trnH+nrITS. The phylogenetic trees respectively basing on sequences of DMC1, nrITS and DMC1+psbA-trnH+nrITS revealed that Brachypodieae, Bromeae and Triticeae fell into three separate clades. The phylogenetic trees basing on sequences of psbA-trnH show that Bromeae and Triticeae formed a one single clade. The results showed that Bromeae and Triticeae have experienced complex evolution. We estimate divergence times with BEAST, and reconstruct ancestral state with RASP. The result showed that Triticeae in china originated in northwest region,Species divergence time focused on 13-7 Ma which is consistent with the change of the cretaceous period in the Tibetan plateau. Brachypodieae in china originated in southwest region, species divergence time focused on 3 Ma which is consistent with the change of the Pliocene period in the Tibetan plateau and the change of East Asian summer monsoon(EASM). Brachypodium pretense differentiation also occurred at this period.

Key words: Brachypodieae, Poaceae, phylogeny, biogeography

中图分类号:

Q949.7

武泼泼, 张学杰, 张洛艳, 樊守金. 基于nrITS、psbA-trnH和DMC1序列中国短柄草族的系统进化和生物地理学研究[J]. 植物研究, 2018, 38(4): 497-505.

WU Po-Po, ZHANG Xue-Jie, ZHANG Luo-Yan, FAN Shou-Jin. Phylogeny and Biogeography Studies of Brachypodieae from China Based on nrITS,psbA-trnH and DMC1 Genes[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(4): 497-505.

参考文献

1. Crepet W L,Feldman G D. The earliest remains of grasses in the fossil record[J]. American Journal of Botany,1991,78(7):1010-1014.
2. Grass Phylogeny Working Group,Barker N P,Clark L G,et al. Phylogeny and subfamilial classification of the grasses(Poaceae)[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden,2001,88(3):373-457.
3. Chen S L,Sylvia M,Phillips. Flora of China,Vol 22 Poaceae[M]. Beijing:Science Press,and St. Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press,2006.
4. 郭本兆,王世金. 我国小麦族的花序形态演化及其属间亲缘关系的探讨[J]. 西北植物研究,1981,1(1):12-19.Guo B Z,Wang S J. Researches on the evolution of the inflorescence and the generic relationships of the triticeae in China[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,1981,1(1):12-19.
5. Bossolini E,Wicker T,Knobel P A,et al. Comparison of orthologous loci from small grass genomes Brachypodium and rice:implications for wheat genomics and grass genome annotation[J]. The Plant Journal,2007,49(4):704-717.
6. Steinwand M A,Young H A,Bragg J N,et al. Brachypodium sylvaticum,a model for perennial grasses:transformation and inbred line development[J]. PLoS One,2013,8(9):e75180.
7. Vogel J P,Garvin D F,Mockler T C,et al. Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon[J]. Nature,2010,463(7282):763-768.
8. Harz C O. Beitrage zur systematik der gramineen[J]. The Linnaea,1880,43:1-30.
9. 耿以礼,耿伯介,陈守良,等. 中国主要植物图说——禾本科[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1959:278-282.Geng Y L,Geng B J,Chen S L,et al. Flora illustralis plantarum primarum sinicarum:Gramineae[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1959:278-282.
10. Khan M A,Stace C A. Breeding relationships in the genus Brachypodium(Poaceae:Pooideae)[J]. Nordic Journal of Botany,1999,19(3):257-269.
11. Nevski S A. Agrostological studies. 4. On the tribe Hordeae Benth[J]. Acta Instituti Botanici Academiae Scientiarum USSR Ser,1933,1(1):9-32.
12. Catalán P,Shi Y,Armstrong L,et al. Molecular phylogeny of the grass genus Brachypodium P. Beauv. based on RFLP and RAPD analysis[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,1995,117(4):263-280.
13. 吴征镒,路安民,汤彦承,等. 中国被子植物科属综论[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2003:332-333.Wu Z Y,Lu A M,Tang Y C,et al. The families and genera of angiosperms in China:a comprehensive analysis[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2003:332-333.
14. Tateoka T. Phytogeographical notes on the genus Brachypodium P. Beauv(Gramineae)[J]. Boletin de la Sociedad Argentina de Botanica. 1968,12:44-56.
15. Löve Á. Conspectus of the Triticeae[J]. Feddes Repertorium,1984,95:425-521.
16. Tzvelev N N. The system of grasses(Poaceae) and their evolution[J]. The Botanical Review,1989,55(3):141-203.
17. Watson L,Macfarlane T D,Dallwitz M J. The grass genera of the world[M]. Wallingford:CAB International,1992.
18. Schippmann U. Revision der europäischen Arten der Gattung Brachypodium Palisot de Beauvois(Poaceae)[J]. Boissiera,1991,45:1-249.
19. Hochbach A,Schneider J,Röser M. A multi-locus analysis of phylogenetic relationships within grass subfamily Pooideae(Poaceae) inferred from sequences of nuclear single copy gene regions compared with plastid DNA[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2015,87:14-27.
20. Álvarez I,Wendel J F. Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2003,29(3):417-434.
21. 刘志文,韩旭,李莉,等. 叶绿体和线粒体DNA在植物系统发育中的应用研究进展[J]. 河南农业科学,2008,37(7):5-9.Liu Z W,Han X,Li L,et al. Advance and utilization of the chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA on plant phylogenesis[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2008,37(7):5-9.
22. Li X W,Yang Y,Henry R J,et al. Plant DNA barcoding:from gene to genome[J]. Biological Reviews,2015,90(1):157-166.
23. Sha L N,Fan X,Zhang H Q,et al. Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the DMC1 gene in the polyploid genus Leymus(Triticeae:Poaceae) and its diploid relatives[J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2016,54(3):250-263.
24. Fan X,Sha L N,Dong Z Z,et al. Phylogenetic relationships and Y genome origin in Elymus L. sensu lato(Triticeae;Poaceae) based on single-copy nuclear Acc1 and Pgk1 gene sequences[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2013,69(3):919-928.
25. Tang Y,Kang H Y,Tang L,et al. Phylogenetic analysis of tetraploid wheat based on nuclear DMC1 gene[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2017,70:239-246.
26. 李金璐,王硕,于婧,等. 一种改良的植物DNA提取方法[J]. 植物学报,2013,48(1):72-78.Li J L,Wang S,Yu J,et al. A modified CTAB protocol for plant DNA extraction[J]. Bulletin of Botany,2013,48(1):72-78.
27. Drummond A J,Rambaut A. BEAST:Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees[J]. BMC Evolutionary Biology,2007,7(1):214.
28. Yu Y,Harris A J,Blair C,et al. RASP(Reconstruct Ancestral State in Phylogenies):a tool for historical biogeography[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2015,87:46-49.
29. Cohen K M,Finney S M,Gibbard P L,et al. The ICS international chronostratigraphic chart[J]. Episodes,2013,36(3):199-204.
30. Soreng R J,Peterson P M,Romaschenko K,et al. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae(Gramineae)[J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2015,53(2):117-137.
31. Soreng R J,Peterson P M,Romaschenko K,et al. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae(Gramineae) Ⅱ:an update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications[J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2017,55(4):259-290.
32. Chen Z D,Yang T,Lin L,et al. Tree of life for the genera of Chinese vascular plants[J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2016,54(4):277-306.
33. 王国灿,张克信,曹凯,等. 从青藏高原新生代构造隆升的时空差异性看青藏高原的扩展与高原形成过程[J]. 地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2010,35(5):713-727.Wang G C,Zhang K X,Cao K,et al. Expanding processes of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during cenozoic:an insight from spatio-temporal difference of uplift[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(5):713-727.
34. Yu X Q,Gao L M,Soltis D E,et al. Insights into the historical assembly of East Asian subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests revealed by the temporal history of the tea family[J]. New Phytologist,2017,215(3):1235-1248.
35. Boucot A J,陈旭,Scotese C R,et al. 显生宙全球古气候重建[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2009:1-173.Boucot A J,Chen X,Scotese C R,et al. Global paleoclimate reconstruction in phanerozoic[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2009:1-173.
36. Page L M,Macfadden B J,Fortes J A,et al. Digitization of biodiversity collections reveals biggest data on biodiversity[J]. BioScience,2015,65(9):841-842.

[1]	林云, 毕海燕. 9个中国单子叶植物名称原白中排印错误之更正[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(5): 641-646.
[2]	穆赢通, 樊东昌, 吕丽娟, 李晓杰, 路景诗, 张晓明. 毛茛科和芍药科叶绿体基因组密码子特征和系统发育比较[J]. 植物研究, 2022, 42(6): 964-975.
[3]	刘玉萍, 吕婷, 朱迪, 周勇辉, 刘涛, 苏旭. 青藏高原特有种-藏扇穗茅叶绿体基因组测序及序列分析[J]. 植物研究, 2018, 38(4): 518-525.
[4]	吕婷, 刘玉萍, 周勇辉, 刘涛, 张晓宇, 苏旭. 沙生植物沙鞭叶表皮微形态特征及其生态适应性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2018, 38(3): 330-337.
[5]	何懿菡, 韩立敏, 刘玉萍, 田娜, 苏旭, 王喆之. 鼠尾草叶绿体基因组序列分析[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(4): 572-578.
[6]	刘玉萍, 吕婷, 周勇辉, 张晓宇, 苏旭. 根据广义形态性状和nrDNA ITS序列试论长颖固沙草的归并[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(2): 174-180.
[7]	周勇辉, 刘玉萍, 吕婷, 张晓宇, 陈志, 苏旭. 基于广义形态特征试论藏扇穗茅的归并[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(5): 653-659.
[8]	李兆孟；周勇辉；刘玉萍；苏旭*. 基于形态和叶表皮微形态特征试论国产赖草属属下类群间的系统关系[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(1): 10-25.
[9]	苏旭,刘玉萍,李兆孟,周勇辉,陈克龙,陈文俐. 基于形态和叶表皮微形态特征试论西藏固沙草的归并[J]. 植物研究, 2015, 35(3): 321-326.
[10]	李桂双;曹博;白成科*. 禾本科植物基因组大小与种子特性的相关性分析[J]. 植物研究, 2012, 32(6): 701-706.
[11]	陈学林;杨建美;王文敏. 青藏高原东缘常见40种禾本科植物种子大小变异研究[J]. 植物研究, 2011, 31(1): 9-14.
[12]	杨虎彪;李晓霞;罗丽娟*. 一种禾本科植物鲜叶下表皮制片方法[J]. 植物研究, 2009, 29(2): 242-244.
[13]	吴玉虎. 喀喇昆仑山和昆仑山地区禾本科植物区系[J]. 植物研究, 2005, 25(1): 106-114.
[14]	马玉心, 李强, 崔大练. 东北19种禾本科植物花粉形态研究[J]. 植物研究, 2004, 24(2): 175-178.
[15]	陈文红, 税玉民, 喻智勇. 滇东南丫蕊花属(百合科)一新种及其生物地理学意义[J]. 植物研究, 2003, 23(3): 267-268.