关键词: 红松籽, 形态特征, 营养成分, 脂肪酸, 无性系

Abstract: The seed morphology, quantity, nutrition composition and content of 15 clones in Tieli korean pine seed orchard were analyzed with genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and clone selection. The results showed: there were variations among the pine seeds in morphology and quantity characteristics. The seed weight variation coefficient was the highest (21.92%), while the seed length variation coefficient was the lowest (8.43%). Fat content was the highest among the main nutrition compositions including fats, proteins, polysaccharides, crude fiber, ash, carbohydrate, the content of which was 56.55%, while its variation coefficient was rather low (6.76%), the variation coefficient of carbohydrate was the highest (60.30%). There were 11 fatty acids in pine-nuts, including 5 saturated fatty acids and 6 unsaturated fatty acid, the content of linoleic acid was the highest among all unsaturated fatty acids (42.55%). Variance analysis showed that there were significant differences among clones in morphological traits and nutrient contents. Multiple comparisons showed that the kernel percentages of TL1357 and TL1383 were higher than the others and they were 11.86% and 10.98 higher the average of clones, respectively. Seed weight of TL1194 was the highest and it was 24.33% higher than the average. Kernel weights of TL1131 and TL 1383 were the highest and they were 27.04% and 26.37% higher than average. Seed length of Tl1194 was 15.77 mm, which was the longest among all clones and 11.69% longer than the average. Fat content of TL1024 was the highest and it was 10.79% higher than the average. Protein contents of TL1024 and TL1061 were the highest and they were 28.62% and 28.50% higher than the average, respectively. Polysaccharide contents of TL1194 and TL3083 were the highest and they were 26.04% and 23.50% higher the average, respectively. Ash of TL1024 was the least, it was 1.49% and 67.11% less than the average. Unsaturated fatty acid content of TL1185 was the highest(62.53%) while TL1271 was the least (58.23%). Correlation analysis showed that seed weight was highly significantly positively correlated with the kernel weight, testa weight, seed length, and seed width, there was no correlation between kernel percentage and the other indices, hence, this characteristic could be used for independent selection. Polysaccharides content was significantly negatively correlated with carbohydrate content while there was no significant correlation among main nutrition compositions, hence, most nutrition compositions could be used for independent selection to select excellent clones.

Key words: pine-nut, morphology characteristics, nutrition compositions, fatty acid, clones