植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 938-947.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.05.014
收稿日期:2026-04-17
出版日期:2026-08-28
发布日期:2026-10-10
通讯作者:
王鹏飞
E-mail:pengfeiwang2004@163.com
作者简介:王晓燕(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事果树种质资源开发与利用研究。
基金资助:
Xiaoyan WANG, Haonan WANG, Qianqian HE, Luting JIA, Shuai ZHANG, Pengfei WANG(
)
Received:2026-04-17
Online:2026-08-28
Published:2026-10-10
Contact:
Pengfei WANG
E-mail:pengfeiwang2004@163.com
摘要:
为了探究基质浇灌不同生长延缓剂调控欧李(Cerasus humilis)嫩枝扦插生根的机制,本研究以‘农大6号’(‘Nongda No.6’)欧李半木质化新梢制作插穗,筛选适宜的调节剂浓度和浇灌时期,并分析最优处理插穗生根过程中营养物质和内源激素动态变化特征。结果表明:基质浇灌不同浓度的多效唑(paclobutrazol,PP333)和烯效唑(uniconazole,S3307)均能够提高生根率,其中100 mg⋅L-1多效唑处理生根率最高,达60.83%,显著高于对照;50 mg⋅L-1烯效唑处理的生根率、插穗存活率与根系发育等综合表现最优,适宜在欧李嫩枝扦插中应用。扦插后7 d、14 d与21 d分别浇灌50 mg⋅L-1 S3307,发现14 d浇灌处理(S-14 d)的生根率最高(57.22%)。S-14 d处理插穗茎段中可溶性糖、淀粉与可溶性蛋白含量在生根过程中积累量显著高于对照,形成了较高的碳氮比,提升了生根速度和根系质量;同时,S-14 d处理提高插穗中生长素(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)和玉米素(zeatin,ZT)含量,抑制赤霉素(gibberellic acid,GA3)和脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)的积累,优化激素平衡,有利于插穗生根。综上,扦插后14 d基质浇灌50 mg⋅L-1 S3307可通过调控营养物质代谢和内源激素水平,有效促进欧李嫩枝扦插生根。
中图分类号:
王晓燕, 王浩男, 何倩倩, 贾璐婷, 张帅, 王鹏飞. 基质浇灌生长延缓剂对欧李嫩枝扦插生根的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(5): 938-947.
Xiaoyan WANG, Haonan WANG, Qianqian HE, Luting JIA, Shuai ZHANG, Pengfei WANG. Effects of Substrate Irrigation with Growth Retardants on Rooting of Cerasus humilis Softwood Cuttings[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(5): 938-947.
表3
基质浇灌不同生长延缓剂下插穗生根及生长情况
处理 Treatment | 生根率 Rooting rate/% | 腐烂率 Rotting rate/% | 愈伤率 Callus rate/% | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 根表面积 Root surface area/cm2 | 根体积 Root volume/cm3 | 分支数量 Branch number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 37.09±2.29c | 58.33±1.80a | 4.17±1.59ab | 79.79±10.32bc | 10.91±1.21b | 0.12±0.01a | 601.33±38.96bc |
| P1 | 60.83±2.59a | 36.25±2.75c | 2.92±1.72b | 109.58±13.85abc | 21.15±3.27ab | 0.37±0.15a | 951.67±50.85abc |
| P2 | 51.25±2.19ab | 42.92±2.29bc | 5.42±1.25ab | 83.32±29.36bc | 17.68±5.26ab | 0.31±0.08a | 928.00±317.43abc |
| P3 | 34.17±3.23c | 55.00±4.14ab | 9.58±3.22a | 38.66±4.13c | 9.44±1.07b | 0.18±0.02a | 347.00±62.35c |
| S1 | 54.58±6.06ab | 43.75±5.95bc | 1.25±0.42b | 111.90±34.70ab | 18.80±5.87ab | 0.25±0.08a | 1 053.67±406.11abc |
| S2 | 52.92±3.43ab | 43.75±4.22bc | 2.50±1.44b | 140.76±7.11ab | 24.30±3.32ab | 0.34±0.08a | 1 402.00±229.38ab |
| S3 | 43.33±4.91bc | 51.25±5.24ab | 3.34±2.26b | 176.28±30.73a | 35.90±13.01a | 0.62±0.33a | 1 620.00±406.70a |
表4
不同扦插处理生根及根系指标的秩和比综合评价
处理 Treatment | 生根率 Rooting rate/% | 腐烂率 Rotting rate/% | 愈伤率 Callus rate/% | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 根表面积 Root surface area/cm2 | 根体积 Root volume/ cm3 | 分支数量 Branch number | 秩和 Sum of ranks | 秩和比 RSR | 评价等级 Rating level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 2.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 0.265 3 | 差 |
| P1 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 38.0 | 0.775 5 | 优 |
| P2 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 25.0 | 0.510 2 | 中 |
| P3 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 0.183 7 | 差 |
| S1 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 34.5 | 0.704 1 | 优 |
| S2 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 38.5 | 0.785 7 | 优 |
| S3 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 38.0 | 0.775 5 | 优 |
表5
不同时期浇灌生长延缓剂对插穗生根性状的影响
处理 Treatment | 生根率 Rooting rate/% | 腐烂率 Rotting rate/% | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 根表面积 Root surface area/cm2 | 根体积 Root volume/cm3 | 分支数量 Branch number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 20.56±4.75c | 77.78±4.94a | 77.82±15.88b | 14.77±3.12b | 0.22±0.05b | 669.33±213.83b |
| S-7 d | 31.67±1.93b | 66.11±3.09ab | 95.54±13.89ab | 20.66±2.16ab | 0.36±0.03ab | 1 251.33±228.12ab |
| S-14 d | 57.22±2.94a | 40.56±3.89c | 136.33±23.63ab | 25.14±3.83ab | 0.37±0.05ab | 1 226.67±218.67ab |
| S-21 d | 41.11±6.41b | 58.33±5.85b | 168.50±39.80a | 33.47±7.82a | 0.53±0.12a | 1 868.67±541.40a |
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