植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 791-801.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.05.002
收稿日期:2025-11-14
出版日期:2026-08-28
发布日期:2026-10-10
通讯作者:
薛永常
E-mail:xueych@dlpu.edu.cn
作者简介:赵娣(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生理学研究。
基金资助:Received:2025-11-14
Online:2026-08-28
Published:2026-10-10
Contact:
Yongchang XUE
E-mail:xueych@dlpu.edu.cn
摘要:
萜类化合物作为自然界中结构多样、功能广泛的天然产物,其衍生物如青蒿素、紫杉醇和人参皂苷等,具有抗炎、抗癌、免疫调节及心脑血管保护等功能,在医药和农业等领域展现出重要的应用价值。鲨烯环氧酶(squalene epoxidase,SQE)是萜类化合物生物合成途径中的关键限速酶,能够催化鲨烯氧化为2,3-氧化鲨烯,构成了萜类化合物生物合成的核心分支节点,对调控萜类次生代谢产物的多样性具有重要意义。随着合成生物学技术的不断发展,SQE的研究逐渐呈现出多样性和挑战性,其在不同植物领域的应用前景也愈加广阔。本文综合分析了萜类化合物的生物合成途径、SQE的结构与催化机制、多维调控及其应用,旨在深入探讨SQE在萜类合成途径中的关键作用,为后续SQE的基因工程改造及植物次级代谢产物的开发提供新思路。
中图分类号:
赵娣, 薛永常. 萜类化合物生物合成途径中鲨烯环氧酶的催化机制及多维调控研究进展[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(5): 791-801.
Di ZHAO, Yongchang XUE. Research Progress on Catalytic Mechanism, Multidimensional Regulation of Squalene Epoxidase in Terpenoid Biosynthesis Pathway[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(5): 791-801.
表1
不同药用植物 SQE 基因表达、调控因子及潜在药用价值
中文名/拉丁学名 Chinese/Latin name of plant species | 科 Family | 基因名称(基因编号) Gene name (Genbank ID) | 组织结构 Organization structure | 相对表达水平 Relative expression levels | 基因表达调控因子 Gene expression regulatory factors | 转录因子 Transcription factor | 潜在药用价值/相关功能 Potential medicinal value/ related functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
太子参[ Pseudostellaria heterophylla | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | SQE1(KY436584.1) | 根、茎、叶、花 Roots,stems,leaves,flowers | 根>茎>叶>花 Root>stem>leaf>flower | 赤霉素、茉莉酸甲酯、6-苄基腺嘌呤、干旱、高温、盐等 GAs,MeJA,6-BA,water-deficit stress,heat stress,salt stress,etc. | R2R3-MYB家族、NAC家族、NF-Y家族等 R2R3‑MYB transcription factor family,NAC transcription factor family,NF‑Y transcription factor family,etc. | 免疫调节、抗糖尿病、抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗咳、保护视网膜 Immunoregulation,anti-diabetes,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,antitussive,retinal protection |
人参[ Panax ginseng | 五加科 Araliaceae | SQE(AB122078、KJ939265) SE2(FJ393274.2) | 根、茎、叶、花 Roots,stems,leaves,flowers | 叶>根>花 Leaf>root>flower | 茉莉酸甲酯、低温(15 ℃)PgSQE2(同源基因)、甾醇负反馈等 MeJA,cold stress(15 ℃) PgSQE2,sterol negative feedback,etc. | NAC、MYB、WRKY转录因子、WNK激酶家族 NAC transcription factor family,MYB transcription factor family,WRKY transcription factor family,WNK kinase family | 补气、增强免疫、抗氧化、调血糖、护心脑、神经保护 Tonifying Qi,enhancing immunity,anti-oxidation,regulating blood sugar,protecting heart and brain,and neuroprotection |
北柴胡[ Bupleurum chinense | 伞形科 Apiaceae | SQE1(OM988069) SQE2(OM988070) SQE3(OM988071) SQE4(OM988072) | 根、茎、叶、花 Roots,stems,leaves,flowers | 根系(不定根/冒根)>茎、叶、花 Root(adventitious root/root)>stem,leaf,flower | 茉莉酸甲酯、脱落酸、聚乙二醇等 MeJA,ABA,PEG,etc. | BcERF3(AP2/ERF家族)、ABA、MYB、bHLH BcERF3 (a member of the AP2/ERF transcription‑factor family),ABA,MYB,bHLH | 调和肝胆、提升机体免疫与抗应激能力 Harmonize the liver and gallbladder,enhance the body’s immune and anti-stress ability |
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