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植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 791-801.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.05.002

• 综述文章 • 上一篇    下一篇

萜类化合物生物合成途径中鲨烯环氧酶的催化机制及多维调控研究进展

赵娣, 薛永常()   

  1. 大连工业大学生物工程学院,大连 116034
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-14 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 薛永常 E-mail:xueych@dlpu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵娣(1999—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生理学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省教育厅科学研究计划项目(2004D091);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20062146)

Research Progress on Catalytic Mechanism, Multidimensional Regulation of Squalene Epoxidase in Terpenoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Di ZHAO, Yongchang XUE()   

  1. School of Biological Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034
  • Received:2025-11-14 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-10-10
  • Contact: Yongchang XUE E-mail:xueych@dlpu.edu.cn

摘要:

萜类化合物作为自然界中结构多样、功能广泛的天然产物,其衍生物如青蒿素、紫杉醇和人参皂苷等,具有抗炎、抗癌、免疫调节及心脑血管保护等功能,在医药和农业等领域展现出重要的应用价值。鲨烯环氧酶(squalene epoxidase,SQE)是萜类化合物生物合成途径中的关键限速酶,能够催化鲨烯氧化为2,3-氧化鲨烯,构成了萜类化合物生物合成的核心分支节点,对调控萜类次生代谢产物的多样性具有重要意义。随着合成生物学技术的不断发展,SQE的研究逐渐呈现出多样性和挑战性,其在不同植物领域的应用前景也愈加广阔。本文综合分析了萜类化合物的生物合成途径、SQE的结构与催化机制、多维调控及其应用,旨在深入探讨SQE在萜类合成途径中的关键作用,为后续SQE的基因工程改造及植物次级代谢产物的开发提供新思路。

关键词: 鲨烯环氧酶, 2, 3-氧化鲨烯, 多维调控, 合成生物学

Abstract:

Terpenoids(TPDs) are of natural products with diverse structures and wide-ranging functions in nature. Their derivatives such as artemisinin, paclitaxel and ginsenosides exhibit anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory activities, and possess significant application value in medicine and agriculture. Squalene epoxidase(SQE) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in TPD biosynthesis. It catalyzes the oxidation of squalene to 2,3-oxidosqualene, which is the core branch node in TPD biosynthesis. It is of great significance to regulate the diversity of terpenoid secondary metabolites. With advances in synthetic biology, SQE research has become increasingly diverse and challenging, broadening its application prospects across various plant species. This paper comprehensively analyzed the biosynthesis pathway, SQE structures and catalytic mechanisms, multi-dimensional regulation and TPD applications. This study aimed to elucidate the key roles of SQE in the TPD biosynthesis pathway, and provide new insights for the subsequent genetic engineering operation of SQE, and the development of plant secondary metabolites.

Key words: squalene epoxidase, 2, 3-oxidosqualene, multidimensional regulation, synthetic biology

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