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植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 794-800.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.05.016

• 植物生殖生物学 • 上一篇    

唇形科兰香草蓝色花粉形成观察与成分分析

杨庆华1,2, 葛斌杰3, 张大生4()   

  1. 1.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,南京 210037
    2.上海世博文化公园建设管理有限公司,上海 200126
    3.上海辰山植物园华东野生濒危资源植物保育中心,上海 201602
    4.上海辰山植物园,上海市资源植物功能基因组学重点实验室,中国科学院分子植物卓越中心辰山研究中心,上海 201602
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-07 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 张大生 E-mail:dszhang@cemps.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:杨庆华(1980—),男,高级工程师,主要从事植物资源与保育研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32072620);上海市自然科学基金面上项目(22ZR1422400);上海市绿化和市容管理局项目(G202405)

Observation on the Formation and Composition Analysis of Blue Pollen of Caryopterisincana

Qinghua YANG1,2, Binjie GE3, Dasheng ZHANG4()   

  1. 1.College of Biological Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037
    2.Shanghai Expo Culture Park Construction Management Co. ,Ltd. ,Shanghai 200126
    3.Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602
    4.Shanghai Chenshan Scientific Research Center of CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602
  • Received:2023-03-07 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-05
  • Contact: Dasheng ZHANG E-mail:dszhang@cemps.ac.cn
  • About author:YANG Qinghua(1980—),male,senior engineer,engaged in plant resources and conservation research.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072620);National Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1422400);Special Fund for Scientific Research of Shanghai Landscaping & City Appearance Administrative Bureau(G202405)

摘要:

大部分植物的花粉为淡黄色,其他颜色的花粉较为少见。基于唇形科兰香草(Caryopteris incana)存在蓝色花粉的现象,通过显微镜观察了不同发育时期的花药和花粉的颜色,并利用高效液相色谱仪和串联质谱仪分析了成熟花粉的花青素成分,结果如下:成熟花药和花粉呈蓝色,是由于富含花青素成分导致。幼蕾期、开花前期以及盛花期3个时期的花药和花粉颜色变化明显,分别为淡黄色、淡蓝色和蓝紫色。花粉的蓝色主要存在于花粉表面和绒毡层细胞中。对成熟花粉进行质谱分析,结果显示,花粉表面花青素6种类型成分都存在,其中含量最丰富的是能形成蓝色的飞燕草素 3-O-葡萄糖苷和锦葵色素 3,5-O-二葡萄糖苷成分,其次是芍药花色素糖苷、矢车菊素的糖苷和矮牵牛花色素糖苷,而天竺葵色素糖苷含量最低。

关键词: 兰香草, 花药, 花粉, 花青素

Abstract:

In majority of plants, colorful pollen is rarely seen on the surface of pollen except light yellow. In this article, the existence of blue pollen was discovered in Caryopteris incana, and the color of anther and pollen at different developmental stages was observed by microscope, and the anthocyanin components of mature pollen were analyzed by UPLC/MS(Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). The results showed that mature anthers and pollens were blue due to the rich anthocyanins. The color of anther and pollen changed obviously at young buds, early flowering buds and flowering stages, which were light yellow, light blue and blue purple respectively. The blue pigments of pollen mainly existed in the surface of pollen coat and tapetal cells by the cross-section observation. The UPLC/MS analysis showed that there were six kinds of anthocyanins on the pollen surface at the flowering stage, among which the main blue components were Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside and Malvidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, followed by Peonidin, Cyanidin and Petunidin, while the content of Pelargonidin was the lowest.

Key words: Caryopteris incana, anther, pollen, anthocyanin

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