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28 August 2026, Volume 46 Issue 5

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Influence of Slope Aspect and Enclosure on the Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Sichuan Jiajin Mountain

2026, 46(5):  1-2.  doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.9999.XXX

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To investigate the effects of different slope aspects (half-shady slope, sunny slope, half-sunny slope) and enclosure management on the composition of medicinal plant resources, medicinal parts and efficacies, importance value, diversity, and biomass in the alpine meadows of Sichuan Jiajin Mountain, and to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plant resources in this region. A total of 24 sites (half enclosed and half grazed) were established on half-shady, sunny, and half-sunny slopes in Jiajin Mountain, with 288 herbaceous quadrats surveyed. Species composition was recorded, and species importance value, Shannon-Wiener index (H), Simpson index (H'), Pielou evenness index (J), and species richness index (D) were calculated. Aboveground and belowground biomass were measured. Redundancy analysis was used to analyze the effects of slope aspect and enclosure management on diversity and biomass. The results showed that a total of 54 medicinal plant species belonging to 51 genera and 22 families were recorded, with whole plants being the most common medicinal part (51.11%–67.57%). The predominant medicinal efficacies were heat-clearing and detoxifying, as well as reducing swelling. Slope aspect and enclosure had a significant interactive effect on diversity indices. On the half-shady slope, diversity indices were significantly higher in the enclosed areas than in the grazed areas (P < 0.05). On the half-sunny slope, diversity in enclosed areas did not increase significantly and was even lower than in grazed areas. Aboveground and belowground biomass were significantly higher in enclosed areas across all slope aspects compared to grazed areas, and belowground biomass exceeded aboveground biomass in all sites. Redundancy analysis indicated that slope aspect and enclosure conditions together explained 28.0% of the total variation in plant communities. In conclusion, the promoting effect of enclosure on medicinal plant diversity is slope-dependent. It is most pronounced in favorable habitats with rich diversity and high biomass, such as the half-shady slope, whereas in more fragile vegetation with lower diversity and biomass, such as the half-sunny slope, moderate grazing disturbance may be more conducive to maintaining species coexistence. Therefore, differentiated management strategies are recommended for the region: enclosure for well-vegetated areas, and a combination of moderate disturbance and active restoration for more fragile vegetation, to achieve sustainable use of medicinal plant resources.

Stoichiometric characteristics of C, N and P in living water park constructed wetland and its relationship with water purification

2026, 46(5):  3-4.  doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5112.2026.9998.XXX

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To explore the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of plants in different pond beds of constructed wetlands and their coupling relationships with water purification efficiency, so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the allocation of aquatic plants in urban sewage treatment systems.Taking five plant pond beds in Chengdu Living Water Park as research objects, including Ⅰ: Lemna minor, Ⅱ: Acorus calamus, Ⅲ: Ceratophyllum demersum, Ⅳ: Cyperus involucratus and Ⅴ: Myriophyllum verticillatum. We determined the contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plant shoots and roots as well as their stoichiometric ratios. Meanwhile, water quality indicators including total nitrogen (NTW), total phosphorus (PTW), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH value were monitored synchronously. The results indicate that: (1) Along the water flow direction, The concentrations of total nitrogen NTW, total phosphorus PTW, chemical oxygen demand CODCr, five-day biochemical oxygen demand BOD5 and dissolved oxygen DO in water generally decreased. Among them, CODCr and BOD5 showed significant differences among different pond beds (P<0.05). (2) Among the five plant species, emergent plants (Acorus calamus and Cyperus involucratus) exhibited higher pollutant removal efficiency than floating plant (Lemna minor) and submerged plants (Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum verticillatum). The contents of C, N and P in shoots were higher than those in roots for all tested plants.(3) The C︰N, C︰P and N︰P ratios of shoots ranged from 9.47 to 18.77, 113.79 to 325.11, and 11.23 to 19.92, respectively; while those of roots were 13.01 to 34.94, 110.59 to 584.53, and 8.58 to 18.83. Correlation analysis indicated that the C︰N ratio of shoots was extremely significantly positively correlated with water CODCr and BOD5 (P<0.01), and the C︰P ratio of shoots was significantly positively correlated with DO (p<0.05). The roots N︰P ratio had an extremely significant positive correlation with DO and a significant positive correlation with CODCr and BOD5. The above results revealed that the C︰N ratio of plant shoots can indicate the removal efficiency of organic pollutants, and the roots N︰P ratio is closely related to water dissolved oxygen level and organic matter degradation. The constructed wetland system of Living Water Park presents remarkable purification performance for municipal wastewater, and the pond beds planted with emergent aquatic plants achieve the optimal comprehensive purification effect. Plant ecological stoichiometric characteristics, especially the C︰N ratio of shoots and the N︰P ratio of roots, can effectively reflect the removal efficiency of organic pollutants in water bodies. It is suggested that stoichiometric indicators be incorporated into the criteria for plant selection and routine operation & maintenance of constructed wetlands. Regular mowing of aboveground tissues and timely removal of dead plants are recommended to sustain the efficient elimination of nutrients and organic pollutants and prevent secondary pollution.