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中文
Table of Content
15 June 1999, Volume 19 Issue 2
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FUNARIA AMERICANA
LINDB. EX SULL. NEW TO CHINA AND EURASIAN CONTINENT
Zhao Jian-cheng, Li Min, Maimtiming Sulayman
1999, 19(2): 1-3.
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Funaria americana
Lindb. ex Sull. is reported new to the Xiao Wutai Mountain (114°47'~115°30'E,39°50'~40°07'N),Taihang Mountains in the Hebei province of China, a locality widely disjunctive from its previously known distribution in the North America. This is its first report from the Eurasian continent. The specimens are deposited in the herbarium of Hebei Normal University (HBNU).
SOME NEW RECORDED PLANTS ON HAINAN ISLAND
Shan Jia-lin
1999, 19(2): 4-6.
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2 genera, 6 species and 3 varieties are reported as new records of flora on Hainan island in this paper, and one new variety is also reported here. All the voucher specimens are preserved in herbarium of South China University of Tropical Agriculture.
NUMERICAL TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON
SOLANUM NIGRUM
IN CHINA
Zhang Hai-yang, Jiang Xiang-jun, Dong Xi-wen, Han Qiu-ju
1999, 19(2): 7-11.
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Based on studing external morphological characters of
Solanum nigrum
L.,
S. nigrum
L. var.
flavovirens
S. Z. Liou et W. Q. Wang and
S. nigrum
L. var.
pauciflorum
Liou in china have been studied. The difference in colour of ripe fruit and leaf shape of
S. nigrum
L. var.
flavovirens
S. Z. Liou et W. Q. Wang and
S. nigrum
L. has been found, which is in colour of ripe fruit and trichome shape and size of organ of
S. nigrum
L. var.
pauciflorum
Liou and
S. nigrum
L.. Through cluster analysis,
S. nigrum
L. var.
pauciflorum
Liou is one class.
S. nigrum
L. and
S. nigrum
L. var.
flavovirens
S. Z. Liou et W. Q. Wang are another class.
S. nigrum
L. var.
pauciflorum
Liou shows primitive character, which has been considered to be an independent species,
S. pauciflorum
(Liou) H. Y. Zhang.
S. nigrum
L. and
S. nigrum
L. var.
flavovirens
S. Z. Liou et W. Q. Wang are different polyploid species which evoluted from S.nigrum L. var.
pauciflorum
Liou.
THE LEAF EPIDERMIS OF HELMINTHOSTACHYACEAE AND OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
Jiao Yu, Chen Li-qun, Song Shu-yin
1999, 19(2): 12-15.
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The outer and inner surfaces of leaf epidermis of three genera (
Heminthostachys
,
Ophioderma
,
Ophioglossum
) in Heminthostachyaceae and Ophioglossaceae were investigated under light and scanning electron microscopes. Their epidermal cells are regular with straight or slightly curved anticlinal walls. The longitudinal axes of stomatal apparatus generally parallel with the long axis of the lamina. Guard cells somewhat sunken. The epidermal features of the three genera are different in the outline of epidermal cells, the degree of curved anticlinal wall of epidermal cells, the distribution and types of stomatal apparatus. These differences contribute evidences for systematics of Ophioglossales.
THE THEORY OF COTYLODON NODE ZONE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE STRUCTURE OF WOOD
Gu Yi, Zhao Li-hui, Gu An-gen
1999, 19(2): 16-22.
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From the phyllogeny, We found that the Wood Which came first should be gryptogamic wood of the arboreous ferns, such as Lopidodondron Sphenophyllum, etc, which were extinet long before. Those which survived are all phanegamic wood, including conifer wood of Gymnosperm and broad-leaved wood of Angiosperm, which appeared after the palaeozoic era and Mesozoic era. The Gryptogamic wood are primary and have exarch and mezarch Primary xylem; while the phanegamic wood are evolutionary and have endarch Primary Xylem (with exleption). After Studying on the cotyledon no des of the Seedlings of Angiosperm, we have found that between the cotyledon node and epicotyl shool zone there are still meristimatic tissues which have no relations with moristem on tap. In the splitting process, these tissues can control the split of the primary vascular tissues and make them evolve from mezarch primary Xylem of seed ferms to endarch primary Xylem of Gymnosperm and Angiosperm. Thus, the secondary phanegamic wood can be evolved from the Primary Gryptogamic wood.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON
GIRSIUM SETOSUM
COMPLEX
Sun Zhi-ying, Li Fa-zeng
1999, 19(2): 23-27.
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The paper introduces the morphological project on
Cirsium setosum
(Willd.) MB. and
C. segetum
Bge. It is analysed for the 200
C. setosum
and
C. segetum
specimens from 20 provinces of China by means of pictorialized scatter diagram and histogram, and the result support the idea that
C. setosum
and
C. segetum
are both two independent species.
A STUDY ON ISOZYMES OF ESTERASE OF GENUS
AMARANTHUS
IN CHINA
Fan Shou-jin, Zhao Zun-tian
1999, 19(2): 28-32.
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Isozymes of esterase of 13 species in genus
Amaranthus
were analyzed by using polycrylamide gel electrophoresis. As a result, esterase isozyme patterns show 2 representitive bands, and we think
Amaranthus
is a natural classification group. The taxonomic significance of esterase isozymes were discussed based on the Rf values and the similarity values of isozyme patterns. In the cultivated forms
A. paniculatus
,
A. caudatus
and
A. hypochondriacus
have a certain relationship. According to the relationship of isozyme product and evolution we consider section
Amaranthus
in more evolutionary than section
Blitopsis
.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON NITROGENOUS METABOLISM OF GERMINATING
PUCCINELLIA TENUIFLORA
SEEDS UNDER ALKALINE SALT STRESS
Li Yan-bo, Chen Yue-yan, Sun Guo-rong, Yan Xiu-feng
1999, 19(2): 33-38.
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Soluble protein, free animo acid and free proline content of germinating
Puccinellia tenuiflora
seeds under different concentration of Na
2
CO
3
stress was studied. The results indicates: in the salt free condition, soluble protein and free amino acid content increased gradually along with the germination process, proline content increased rapidly in earlier period and then keep stable; soluble protein and free amino acid content decreased under Na
2
CO
3
stress compared with that in Na
2
CO
3
free condition and had significant negative correlation with Na
2
CO
3
concentration. Proline content showed a different tendency with total free amino and increased on different level under different concentration of Na
2
CO
3
stress compared with that in Na
2
CO
3
free condition.
STUDY ON THE DORMANCY LAW OF SEEDS OF
AMBROSIA ARTEMISIFORIA
AND
AMBROSIA TRIFIDA
Wang Zhi-xi, Liu Xiang-jun, Gao yi-ke, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 39-44.
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As the annual plants of
Ambrosia
,Compositae, the dormancy degree of the seeds of
Ambrosia artemisiforia
and
A. trifida
varies with the latitude of growing space. The higher latitude, the more proportion of the seeds that lies dormant after maturation and the longer time of cold stratification that required for relieving the dormancy. In Mudanjiang where the latitude is higher, the mature seeds of
A. artemisiforia
and
A. trifida
lie dormant wholly and the germination percentage goes beyond 95% after twelve weeks of cold stratification, however, in Nanchang where the latitude is lower, about 10% of seeds of
A. artemisiforia
and
A. trifida
don't lie dormant and the germination percentage can go beyond 95% after eight weeks of cold stratification. Part of the dormant seeds can relieve dormancy after being stored at the room-temperature above 15℃ for half a year though they are not treated with cold stratification. The dormancy mechanism perhaps is controlled by the complex of inhibitory substance and accelerative substance. The dormant seeds contain high level of inhibitor. But for the non-dormant seeds, the balance turns favourable to accelevator. The temperature difference in different latitude, cold stratification and the course of respiratory metabolism under long-term storage at room-temperature perhaps have effects on this balance and thus change the dormancy state of seeds.
STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF
LARIX OLGENSIS
HENRY FROM DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL PROVENANCES
Wang Li-hua, Jiang Chun-ling, Feng Yu-long
1999, 19(2): 45-51.
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Physiological ecology parameters of photosynthesis and water of two-year seedling obtained from hardwood cutting of
Larix olgensis
from ten provenances were measured in artificial climate romm. The result showed that, some rules can be found though physiological ecology parameters of
Larix olgensis
from different provenances varied greatly. Total photosynthesis rate> maximal net photosynthesis rate> net photosynthesis rate> net photosynthesis rate at semi-light saturation point> light respiration rate> respiration rate among all provenances, but occasional exception existed. Among all parameters, respiration rate varied least, light respiration rate varied greatly, and total photosynthesis rate varied most. The change tendency of all parameters among the provenances is in accordance with net photosynthesis rate, i. e., the other parameters varied greatly while net photosynthesis rate varied greatly and the other parameters varied less while net photosynthesis rate varied less in one provenance. Relative hight respiration rate among the provenances varied greatly, and CO
2
released amounted to one third of CO
2
fixed. Light compensation point, light saturation point and semi-light saturation among all provenances varied greatly. The more variation of water utilization efficiency resulted from net photosynthesis rate and related slightly to transpiration rate. Percentage of net photosynthesis to total photosynthesis, respiration efficiency, CO
2
compensation point, transpiration rate and water potential varied slightly among all provenances.
TISSUE CULTURE AND ANTIHEPATITIS CONSTITUENT IN CALLI OF
SWERTIA FRANCHETIANA
H. SMITH
Xiang Feng-ning, Xing Mei-qing, Xia Guang-min, Hu Feng-zu, Li Yi
1999, 19(2): 52-58.
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Calli and the regenerative plants were induced from young leaves, immature seeds and hypocotyl of
Swertia franchetiana
H. Smith. Three kinds of media, MS, B 5 and N 6 were set up in the experiment. Calli were established with the highest frequency onto MS medeium containing 3mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5mg/L 6BA. The regenerative plants are obtained with the highest frequency onto MS medeium, Containing 0.5mg/L 6-BA and 0.2mg/L NAA. The induction and maintenence and differentiation of the calli were affected markly by the basic media and compound 2,4-D and 6-BA in the media etc. The Oleanolic acid content in calli of
Swertia franchetiana
H. Smith were determined by HPLC method.
STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VOLATILE OIL FROM SEEDS OF
CAMPTOTHECA ACUMINATA
Yu Tao, Wang Yang, Yin Li-jun, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 59-62.
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The volatile oil was obtained from seeds of by steam distillation. The average yield was 0.35%. The volatile oil was analyzed by GC/MS, and fifty-five compounds, which occupied 83.74% of the total oil, were identified. The principal compositions of the volatile oil were: Trans-linaloloxide (8.94%), Phenylethyl alcohol (8.81%), Cis-linaloloxide (7.11%), Germacrene D (5.16%) and β-Bisabolene (3.52%).
EFFECT ON THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF THE CONTENT OF COMPOSITIONS IN RAPD EXPERIMENT OF
PINUS KORAIENSIS
Zhang Heng-qing, An Li-jia, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 63-68.
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The PCR reaction system by Promega was employed. The DNA templates of
Pinus koraiensis
extracted from young needles were amplified in RAPD. The effect of content of Mg
2+
, dNTP, DNA templates, primers and DNA polymorase on experimental results were tested and the optimal reaction system of RAPD for korean pine was determined.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION OF
RHODIOLA ANGUSTA
Yan Ting-fen, Zhou Fu-jun, Yan Xiu-feng, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 69-74.
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Genetic diversity and population differentiation of
Rhodiola angusta
were studied in four populations in Changbai Mountain in Jilin province and one population in Heilongjiang province using the method of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Allozyme data for 12 loci of 10 enzymes indicated level of genetic variability with P=0.467, A=1.48 and He=0.195, higher than
Rh. sachalinensis
which share the same distribution. The level of genetic variability of the four populations in Changbai Mountain increasing as the altitude rising.It provided genetic basis for adapting the habitat of high altitude and low temperature, at the same time the method of sexual reproduction accompanied by asexual reproduction ensured the number of populations. There were higher differentiation(G
ST
=0.134) between Pingdingshan in Heilongjiang province and the populations in Changbai Mountain, and lower between populations of Changbai Mountain (G
ST
=0.091).
STUDY ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RAPD AND OPTIMIZATION OF RAPD EXPERIMENT CONDITIONS
Xia Ming, Luan Fei-shi, Li Jing-peng
1999, 19(2): 75-80.
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The influencing factors of RAPD were studied and the experimental parameters were optimized using Korean Pine (
Pinus koraiensis
) and Mongolian Oak(
Quercus mongolica
). The optimal experiment conditions are as follow: 20 ul system containing 10~80ng template,150~300mmol/L dNTP, 15ng arbitary primer, 1~2 units Taq DNA polymerase. With a M.J. Thermal Cycler, optimal amplification program is 40 cycles of 1 min at 94℃, 1 min at 35~37℃, 1 min at 72℃, using block control style. A high reproducibility was obtained with the optimized experiment conditions.
A PRIMARYLY DISSCUSS ON THE ADAPTIVE MECHANISM AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDE LEVEL OF
RHODIOLA SACHALINENSIS
POPULATION
Yan Ting-fen, Yan Xiu-feng, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 81-86.
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Genetic diversity of
Rhodiola sachalinensis
was studied at the four different altitude levels in Changbai Mountain using the method of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis and the adaptive mechanism was discussed, combined with morphology and ecological factors. The studying results indicated that the mechanism of
Rh. sachalinensis
adaption to the environment of tundra not only reflected on the variation of morphology but on the basis of it's genetic background.
STUDIES ON THE POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION OF
ARALIA ELATA
(Miq.) SEEM. (Ⅱ) CLUSTER ANALYSIS ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Ye Wan-hui, Kuang Hai-xue, Wang Zhen-yue, Ma Quan
1999, 19(2): 87-92.
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The chemical constituents of leaves of
Aralia elata
, collected from Xiaoxingan Mountains, Zhangguangcai Mountains and Wandashan Mountains of Heilongjiang province, had been analyzed by TLC. The chemical constituents varied among populations. The differentiation is in accordance with the variation of the key taxonomic characters. With the cluster analysis method on the chemical constituents, the specimens can be divided into 2 taxa, one is
Aralia elata
var.
elata
, the other is a new combination variety,
Aralia elata
var.
mandshurica
(Rupr. et Maxim.) W. H. Ye.
THE STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL NICHE OVERLAP RELATIONS OF SEVERAL POPULATIONS ON
LEYMUS
COMMUNITY IN NORTHEAST PLAIN
Cong Pei-tong, Yan Ting-fen, Zhou Fu-jun, Liu Xing-hua, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(2): 93-99.
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In this article, ecological niche overlap of several populations of different leymus communities in Northeast leymus plain was studied and revealed utilization capability of several populations of different leymus communities on environmental resources and adaptability, spatial position capability on ecological factors. There are some numerical describes about species concurrent and competitive strategy of several populations. The research result reappeared current distribution structure and finitude environmental utilization of several populations by ecological niche and put forward rationalization proposal of improvement leymus plain.
ANALYSIS ON THE DYNAMIC OF ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS INCREMENT AND TIME SEQUENCE OF DIFFERENT
DEYEUXIA ANGUSTIFOLIA
POPULATIONS
Ni Hong-wei, Gao Yi-ke, Nie Jiang-li
1999, 19(2): 100-106.
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D. angustifoia
is the dominant species in the typical meadow, marsh meadow and marsh communities of Sangjinag plain. Acccording to these, in this paper we researched the dynamic of aboveground biomass and time sequence in
D. angustifoia
. The result reveals that: the seasonal dynamic of density in marsh was "W" curve; the seasonal dynamic of density in typical meadow and marsh meadow was bimodal curve; the accumulation biomass was monocurve. In whole growing season, dry-matter has been accumulated. The changing law of seasonal dynamic of aboveground biomass has been revealed by time sequence.
STUDY ON GROWTH RHYTHM OF
JUNIPERUS CHINENSIS
(L.) ANT. CV.
HARBINENSIS
Li Chang-hai, Wang Xiao-dong, Gu Shu-fen
1999, 19(2): 107-111.
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In this article we have comparatively analysed the growth rhythm of
Juniperus chinensis
(L.) Ant. cv.
harbinensis
with mathematical model and diagram, revealed the growth rhythm of
Juniperus chinensis
(L.) Ant. cv.
harbinensis
.
CANOPY DISTURBANCE REGIMES AND GAP REGENERATION IN A KORENA PINE-BROADLEAVED FOREST IN JIAOHE,NORTHEAST CHINA
Zang Run-guo, Xu Hua-cheng
1999, 19(2): 112-120.
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This paper deals with the canopy disturbance regimes and gap regeneration in a Korean pine-broadleaved forest in the nature reserve of Jiaohe Forest Farm, northeast China. The results showed that the percentages of expanded and canopy gaps in the forest landscape is 18.09% and 12.51% respectively. The return interval of canopy disturbance is about 700a. The average size of CG is about 69% of EG size. The range of EG size is 17~284m
2
, with an average of 75.49m
2
. The range of CG size is 10~234m
2
, with an average of 51.98m
2
. The average diameter of most gaps are about 20-60% of the average height of canopy trees. Most gaps were formed by one gap maker, and the most important manners of gap formation were breakage at trunk base and uprooting. Major gap makers in the forest were
Pinus koraiensis
,
Abies holopylla
,
Betula costata
and
Picea jezoensis
. The DBH of most gap makers were 40~80cm, and their heights 25~30m. The distribution pattern of gaps in the forest landscape belongs to the uniform type. The quantitative characteristics of different tree species in gaps and non-gap stands are different. With the alternation of gaps and non-gap stands, the relative dominance of different species changed correspondently. Tree species were classified into three regeneration response types according to the difference of orders of importance values in gaps and in non-gap stands. Diversity characteristics of species were also different in gaps and non-gap stands.
