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    15 March 1999, Volume 19 Issue 1
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    A NEWSECTION OF THE GENUS OXYTROPIS DC.(PAPILIONACEAE)
    Qian Guan-ze, Liu Lian-fen, Zhu Qi, Song Xing-min
    1999, 19(1):  1-4. 
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    A section of the Genus Oxytropis DC.-Sect. Ochrocea G. Z. Qian is recorded in this paper. At present, two species are included in this section. They are O. ochrantha Turcz. and O. viridiflava Kom.. In the past, O. chrysotricha Franch. was regarded as O. ochrantha Turcz. in works of Chinese scholars. The author pointed out that it should be a variety of O. ochrantha Turcz., and treated the forma O. ochrantha Turcz. f. diversicolor H. C. Fu et Ma as a variety. At last, the species O. viridif lava Kom. is a new distribution species in China.
    A NEW SPECIES OF SYMPLOCOS FROM YUNNAN
    Qian Yi-yong
    1999, 19(1):  5-7. 
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    The paper reports a new species-Symplocos menglianensis Y. Y. Qian
    TWO NEW VARIETYS OF THE GENUS HEDYSARUM FROM QINGHAI, CHINA
    WuYu-hu
    1999, 19(1):  8-9. 
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    PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE FLORA OF THE BAOTIANMAN NATURAL RESERVE
    Zhang Nai-qun
    1999, 19(1):  10-16. 
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    The Baotianman Natural Reserve is located in transitional zone from north subtropic to south warm temperate in the southern slope of Funiushan Mountain. There are 2771 species of higher plants which belong to 223 families and 1002 genera. The flora is complex in geographical elements, having 15 types and 17 subtypes. Through the analysis to the families and genera, the characters of the flora of the Baotianman Natural Reserve are mainly of temperate zone and shows a crsscross and certain old.
    A STUDY ON THE POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE POLYGONACEAE IN ANHUI PROVINCE
    Zhou Zhong-ze, Lu Run-long, Ge Lei, Bao Shi-lai, Zheng Yan-yan
    1999, 19(1):  17-33. 
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    Pollen morphology of 46 species and 3 varieties representing the genera i.e. Polygonum, Antenoron, Fagopyrum, Rheum, Rumex, Homalocladium was examined in the light microscope (LM) and with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pollen grains of Polygonaceae in Anhui Province are spheroidal or subspheroidal, prolate or subprolate; 3-colpate, 12-pantocolpate, 30-colporate, 3-colporate, 4-colporate, 9-pantocolporate, 20-30-pantoporate. The ornamentation of exine is finely or coarsely reticulate, rugulate, granulate-perforate, punctate, microechinate-perforate-smooth, granulate-perforate-smooth, granulate-foveolate, prominently sunken punctate, prominently punctate-striate, densely covered granulate. Based on the characteristics, seventeen pollen types in the family Polygonaceae of Anhui province are recognized and described, i.e. Cephalophilon-type, Tovara-type, Amphibium-type, Persicaria-type, Macranthum-type, Bistorta-type, Avicularia-type, Plebeium-type, Convolvulus-type, Tiniaria-type, Cuspidatum-type, Fagopyrum-type, Sibiricum-type, Rheum-type, Acetosa-type, Aquaticus-type, Homalocladium-type, among which, four new pollen types are proposed, i.e. Macranthum-type, Plebeium-type, Cuspidatum-type, Homalocladium. A key to the types is provided. According to the pollen types ,the authors disagree with wang Jian-Xing's treatment which divided the four species, i.e. Polygonum multiflorum, P. cuspidatum, P. convolvulus, P. dentato-alatum into two sections, and consider the division of the four species into three sections.
    STUDIES ON THE POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF KALIMERIS
    Wang Jing, Zhang Xiao-ping, Fang Yu-da
    1999, 19(1):  34-39. 
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    Pollen grains of nine species, three varieties and one form variation of the genus Kalimeris (Compositae) have been examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). All the species examined are characterized in having sub-globular pollen grains and tripartite global pollen grains on AMB. The size of the pollen grains ranges from 20.4 μm to 32.3 μm in the polar axis and from 20.4 μm to 34.6 μm in the longest equatorial axis. The ornamentation of the exine are splinter-shaped under SEM. The pollen grains are diverse in the size and the ornamentation of the exine, these differences can be taken as the base of identification. Kalimeris indica var. polymorpha has special ornamentation of the exine and can be elevated to the specifical level. Kalimeris shimadai f. pinnatifida is regarded as conspecies with Kalimeris pinnatifida based on the characters of leaves and pollen grains. Aster procerus and Aster smithianus are transferred to Kalimeris based on the characters of pollen grains and morphology, which gives support Hu Xiuying's taxonomic treatment.
    THE DEVELOPMENTOF EMBRYO AND ENDOSPERM IN ELEUTHEROCOCCUS BRACHYPUS
    Wang Zhong-li, Liu Lin-de, Tian Guo-wei, Shen Jia-heng
    1999, 19(1):  40-47. 
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    The development of embryo of Eleutherococcus brachypus belongs to Solanad type.In the late stick embryo stage, the suspensor is most developed.In the globular embryo stage, the suspensor begins to degenerate and its disintegration occurs in the stage of heart embryo.Endosperm is nuclear type.In the stage of about 200~300 free nuclei, endosperm begins to celluarize and its number of cells further increase by mitosis.In the globular embryo stage, the most outer layer of endosperm is specialized to secretory layer.Endosperm cells reserve protein and fat.The most inner layer of single integument is differentiated into endothelium in the stage of 32~64 free nu-clei.After division of zygote, the endothelium fully developed and it is pressed in the late stage of stick embryo.In the globular embryo stage, endo thelium degenerates and the outer layer of integument specialized into seed vessel.
    CO2 RESPONSESOF PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS IN LARIX OLGENSIS HENRY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
    Feng Yu-long, Wang Li-hua, Ao Hong, Nie Jiang-li, Wang Wen-zhang
    1999, 19(1):  53-59. 
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    Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and water utilization efficiency of 2-year-old cutting seedlings of different clones of Larix olgensis Henry growing in phytotron, were measured at different CO2 concentration, and regressive analysis was done.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate and water utilization efficiency increased, while transpiration rate decreased, with the increasement of CO2 concentration.But the parttern and intensity of CO2 response of different clone were different.CO2 compensation point of different clone of Larix olgensis Henry was different either.These diversity were the fundation of clone selection.CO2 respones of net photosynthetic rate and water utilization efficiency had very important significance in clone selection, while CO2 compensation point was senseless.Growth of larix olgensis Henry might become faster and its distribution area might become bigger in future higher CO2 concentration condition.
    A CHARACTER STUDY ON CHLOROPHYLL OF ARCTIUM LAPPA LINN.
    Yuan Xiao-ying, Wang Ping, Yang Chun-yu
    1999, 19(1):  60-63. 
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    The character of chlorophyll of Arctium lappa Linn. was studied in the paper. The purpose of research is providing some reliable information for further processing. Items such as content of chlorophyll and relationship between chlorphyll and light, temperature and food additives were given. Results showed that the content of thlorophyll was 2.3195 wg/g. The speed of chlorophyll reduction and decomposition was quicker and quicker as time went under dispersing light in laboratory. When heated the speed of chlorophyll reduction and decomposition was also quicker and quicker as temperature was higher and higher. Beside sugar, the additives play more of less role to the pigment. So proper methods should be adopted in production.
    EFFECTS OF EMS & 60Co ON SEED GERMINATION OF CRAMBE ABYSSINICA AND ITS AGRONOMIC CHARACTER OF M1 GENERATION
    Wang You-ping, Xu Xiao-xia, Gao Hong-bo, Lan Le-fu
    1999, 19(1):  64-67. 
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    Physiological process of germinating Crambe seeds was significantly influenced by the treatment of different concentration and dose of EMS 60Co. Low-level of them could stimulate the respiration and raise the activities of ascorbic acid oxidase and peroxidase which associated with higher rate of seed germination and growth of seedling. High-level had inhibiting effects on respiration and the activities of related enzymes, the germinating potential of seed and the rate of germination and the vigor of root system decreased. The yield per plant and the resistance to disease of M1 generation of Crmbe abyssinica were also influenced by the treatment of different concentration and dose of EMS 60Co.
    STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF TOMATO SEEDS PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY WITH MAGNETIC FIELD TREATMENT
    Mi Xiao-ju, Ma Yue, Guo Gui-yun
    1999, 19(1):  68-74. 
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    After treatment tomato seeds with magnetic field, observed the germination rate, the change of the catalase (CAT)and peroxidase (POD) and the effect on the peroxidase isoenzyme.The results revealed that the seeds germination rate is highest, the activity of the catalase (CAT) and the peroxidase (POD)is highest. The activity of the peroxidase isoenzyme is highest too, when magnetic field is in range 1000~2000 GS.The seeds germination rate and the activity of CAT and POD is lower, when the intensity of magnetic field is higher than 3000 GS.
    ALLOZYME ANALYSIS ON NATURAL POPULATION FOR PINUS KORAIENSIS
    Zu Yuan-gang, Zhang Heng-qing, Yan Ting-fen, Yuan Xiao-ying
    1999, 19(1):  75-79. 
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    Ten enzyme systems were tested for the endosperm of korean pine from three populations using the horizontal starch gel electrophoresis technique. 18 loci were obtained. The results indicated the ratio of polymorphic loci was 77.78%, the average number of alleles was 2.0(A) and the expected heterozygous was 0.1648(He). The genetic differentiation (Gst=5.38%) among populations was lower than other species in Pinus genus and most variations were within population. According to Nei's index, the genetic distance (0.0095) between Xiaobeihu and Changbai Mountain was nearest, not correlation to the geographical distance. It shows the original complexity of population.
    COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE SECONDARY PHLOEM OF TAXACEAE
    Han Li-juan, Hu Yu-xi, Lin Jin-xing
    1999, 19(1):  80-87. 
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    The family Taxaceae contains five genus, Taxus, Pseudotaxus, Amentotaxus, Torreya, Austrotaxus, except for Austrotaxus mastly endemic to China. The prensent paper deals with the comparative anatomy of secondary phloem of stems in 8 species of five genus and light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The main results are as follows: The secondary phloem of Taxaceae is composed of axial and radial systems. In the axial system the phloem consists of sieve cells, phloem parenchyma cells, albuminous cells and phloem fibers. In the radial systemit consists of phloem rays. In cross section the layer of consists elements are different. The forms, size, quantity, have or not of crystal and the forms of crystal of phloem fibers are different. This can be served as the characters for identification of genus and also provding the evideuce for the tribes in the family. Based on the fact that crystals are absenton the outer surface of phloem fibers in Austrotaxus and present on the fibers of other four genera. The forms, size and frequency of crystals on the wall surfaces of the phloem fibers in four genera of Taxaceae are different. It can be divided into four tribes: Taxeae (including Taxus and Pseudotaxus), Austrotaxeae (Austrotaxus),Amentotaxeae (Amentotaxs) and Torreyeae (Torreya).
    ANALYSIS ON THE DYNAMIC OF ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS AND TIME SEQUENCE OF DIFFERENT DEYEUXIA ANGUSTIFOLIA COMMUNITIES IN SANJIANG PLAIN
    Ni Hong-wei
    1999, 19(1):  88-93. 
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    D. angustifoia is the dominant species in the typical meadow, marsh meadow and marsh communities of Sanjiang plain. According to these, this paper researched the dynamic of aboveground biomass and time sequence in D. angustifolia. The result reveals that: The seasonal dynamic of aboveground biomass in the three communities was monocurve and the maximum was in the end of July. The changing law of seasonal dynamic of aboveground biomass has been revealed by time sequence.
    THE INFLUENCEOF GAPS TO THE HERB
    Zhang Yan-hua, Nie Shao-quan, Wang Zhi-xi
    1999, 19(1):  94-99. 
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    In the course of restoration of the secondary broad-leaved forest, the gaps which existing in the forest with different areas had been reformed by the gap technique and had yielded good results.It not only made the aim species growing up well in the gaps and promoted the growth of broad-leaved trees which surrounding the gaps, but also changed herbs in many respects such as species, density and cover degree.
    In this paper, we reseach on herbs which in gaps and under the broad-leaved trees.The results showed that light is a key factor to the herb's growth and distribution.It is of great immediate significance that the gaps will promote the herb's growth and enhance the species diversity.
    STATUS AND ROLE OF THE SHRUB LAYER AND ITS MAIN SHRUB SPECIES IN NUTRIENT CYCLING OF MONGOLIAN OAK FOREST
    Guan Ji-yi, Chen Yi-liang, Zhu Ning, Zhuo Li-huan, Liu Yi
    1999, 19(1):  100-110. 
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    The status and role of the shrub layer and main shrub species in the nutrient cycling of the mongolian oak forest were stated in this paper. The results show that the shrub layer's cycling rate is 0.68 which was more than the arbor's (0.6) and the forest's (0.64) although it is less important than the arbor layer in biomass, nutrient content, remained content, returned content etc. The shrub layer have a important role in promoting the nutrient cycling of the forest. Corylns mandshurica and Deutyia amurensis are dominant or Sub-dominat shrub species which should be protected because they Play an important role in the nutrient cycling, Acanthopanax senticasus matains more nutrient and the cycling rate is low in the nutrient cycling. It exhausted the soil but can be used as a kind of drug. So it should be protected and on the other hand should be controled.
    COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MORPHOLOGY OF ARTEMISIA PLANTS FROM NORTHEASTERN CHINA I. MORPHOLOGY OF SEED COAT
    Zhang Da-wei
    1999, 19(1):  111-120. 
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    The morphology of seed coat from 35 representative species in groups of Sect. Absiuthium DC., Sect. Abrotanum Bess., Sect. Artemisia, Sect. Dracunculus Bess and Sect. Iatilobus Y. R. Ling from Artemisia were observed using both optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The shape of most achenes was inversely-ovate, lengthened-round or in other variable forms. However, the stereoscopic configuration varied to certain extent. All the epidermal cells of achenes had secondary thickening. First of all, the vertical and the horizontal perines of epidermal cells thickened extremely and they protruded so as to interconnect as netted structure. Secondly, the relatively intensive secondary thickening took place in the cell wall of the seed coat so that the concentrated longitudinal ridges formed on the surface of seed. Certain variations oceurred interms of the diameter and the layer number of the collar cells. The difference in these microstructure characters among groups may be of importance in plant taxonomy and ecology.