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中文
Table of Content
15 September 1999, Volume 19 Issue 3
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A NEW SPECIES OF
SCLERIA
FROM YUNNAN
Qian Yi-yong
1999, 19(3): 241-243.
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Scleria jiangchengensis
Y. Y. Qian, sp. nov. (Subgen, Scleria, Sect. Elatae)
NOTES ON
DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA
LINN. VAR.
FURCATA
Y. Z. RUAN
Lin Qi
1999, 19(3): 244-245.
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Based on the study of
Drosera rotundifolia
Linn. specimens from Asia, America and Europe,
Drosera rotundifolia
Linn. var.
furcata
Y. Z. Ruan is regarded as a new synonym of
D. rotundifolia
Linn.
DE GENERIS GLYCYRRHIZAL L. (FABACEAE)NOTAE NEOSYSTEMATICAE
Yang chang-you
1999, 19(3): 246-248.
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FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF SEED PLANT GENERA IN XINJIANG
Pan Xiao-ling
1999, 19(3): 249-258.
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An analysis of the seed plant genera shows that the flora had a diverse geographical element, with an overwhelming number of temperate element accounting for 57%, it is indicats seed flora of Xinjiang is an integral part of Angala Flora. Local elements oringined from traces of Tethys occupy an important position accounting for 32.6%, Tropics element accounts for 6.7% and Cathaysian element accounts for 3.8%. This phenomenon is the result of the broad latitueles, diversified habitats and change of geological history.
RESEARCH ON THE
TRACHEOPHYTA
FLORA IN NATURE RESERVE OF WULIN MOUNTAIN
Feng Tian-jie, Wang De-yi, Li Dong-yi, Li Jun-Ying, Feng Xue-quan, Cai Wan-bo
1999, 19(3): 259-267.
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According to our survey, there are 117 families, 520 genera and 1532 species (including 175 units under species) of tracheophyta in Wulingshan nature reserve, which cover 79.1% of the families, 69.4% of the genera and 72.7% of the species of tracheophyta in Hebei Province. It is a rich area of tracheophyta in Hebei province. This flora has typical features of the north temperate zone, that is, more families and genera, but less species, less woody plants but the absolute predominance of herbs.
STUDIES ON KARYOTYPES AND EVOLUTION OF FOUR SPECIES IN
ROEGNERIA
Cai Lian-bing, Feng Hai-sheng
1999, 19(3): 268-272.
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The karyotypes of 4 species of
Roegneria
C. Koch are reported in this paper. The karyotypic formulae are as follows:
R. sinica
Keng, 2n=4x=28=28m(2SAT);
R. nudiuscula
L. B. Cai, 2n=4x=28=24m+4sm(2SAT);
R. pendulina
Nevski, 2n=4x=28=22m+6sm(2SAT);
R. viridula
Keng et S. L. Chen, 2n=4x=28=24m(2SAT)+4sm. The public and respective features of karyotypes of 4 species reflect the rationality of dividing species and coexisting in a genus in the morphological classification. Especially through the analyses of the karyotypic asymmetry and relative evolutive level, authors think that
R. sinica
Keng is the most primitive among the 4 species,
R. viridula
Keng et S. L. Chen is the most evolutive among them, while
R. nudiuscula
L. B. Cai and
R. pendulina
Nevski are intermediate in evolution; the Ser. Angustiglumes Nevski is more advanced than the Ser. pendulinae Nevski. The evolutive level shown by karyotypic asymmetry is related to the occurrence of the awn on glume among series, the elongation and thickening of the spike among species and the elongation of the awn on lemma among them.
GAS EXCHANGE OF
RHODIOLA SACHALINENSIS
ON CHANGBAI MOUNTAIN
Yan Xiu-feng, Wang Yu-jie, Wang Yang, Sun Hai-qin, Zu Yuan-gang
1999, 19(3): 273-280.
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Three sample plots, which were Xiaotianchi (Alt. 1800 m), Tree Line (Alt. 2000 m) and Tianwenfeng (Alt. 2325 m), were selected from the north slop of ChangBai Mountain located on the Southeastern of Jilin Province. Net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) of
Rhodiola sachalinensis
in three simple plots were measured, furthermore appear quantum yield (AQY) and water use efficiency (WUE) also were calculated correspondingly. The result showed Pn and Tr in Tianwenfeng plot were the highest, the second was in Tree Line plot, and the lowest was in Xiaotianchi plot. However AQY and WUE displayed the reverse trend, which of Xiaotianchi plot presented the highest value, Tree Line plot was the second and Tianwenfeng plot was the lowest.
ANALYSIS ON SEED COMPONENTS OF
SOPHORA JAPOLICA
Zhao Ken-tian, Han Shu-qin, Cui Yu-lan, Yang Chun-yu
1999, 19(3): 281-285.
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In order to understand physiological characteristics and utilization value of seeds of
Sophora japonica
, we analysis the main compositions of seeds with physiological and biochemical methods. The results show that the protein content of the seeds is the most and the total sugar and fat is second one in
Sophora japonica
. The glutamic acid, arginine and asperity acid are the main composition composing the protein of the seeds. The unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid are the main composition of the seed oil. The content of Vc is the highest among various vitamin. There are much difference among the cotyledon, hypocotyl and radicle in contents of every chemical components mentioned above.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARCTERS OF THE GENUS
DIPLOPANAX
HAND.-MAZZ. AND IT'S SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATION
Zhu Wei-hua, Xiang Qi-bai
1999, 19(3): 286-291.
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The monotypic genus
Diplopanax
Hand.-Mazz. of the south China and North Vietnam has been assigned by different authors to the Araliaceae, the Cornaceae and the Mastixiaceae. An investigation of floral, fruit, young stem and leaf anatomy confirmed the absence of secretory canals, one celled, two armed hairs, uniloculary ovar containing a single amphitropous ovule, these characters prelude the assignment of
Diplopanax
to the Araliaceae. This genus is the most similar to
Mastixia
based on morphological characters. The genus also possesses some features discordant in the Cornaceae, having epitropous ovules, horse-shoeshaped seed locule, cyme. Additionally, incomplete septum occurs in mastixiaoids fossil fruit of the upper Cretaceous, mastixoids is an independent evolution line. So the separate family Mastixiaceae enclosing
Diplopanax
and
Mastixia
is supported, and it is rather primitive in the order Cornales.
A LEAF EPIDERMIS STUDY ON TWELEVE SPECIES OF
SEDUM
IN ANHUI
Zheng Yan, Gong Jie
1999, 19(3): 292-297.
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The leaf epidermis structures of 12 species, which belong to Sedum from Anhui province in China, have been examined under LM and SEM. The stomatal size, stomatal density and stomatal index were measured and counted under LM. Under SEM, it was discribed such as the shape of stomata, cuticular membrane, wax ornamentation, outer stomatal ledge (or rim) and trichome. The results show that the type of stomatal apparatuse in Sedum is the kind of tipical anisocytic type. The characters, such as the type of stomatal apparatuse, shape and pattern of anticlinal walls of epidermis cells, culticular membrane and wax ornamentation, are less important between species and can be used as secondary ones. The features of stomatal size, distribution, density and trichome possess the classific value of species.
SEM EXAMINATION ON SEED COAT OF
TRICHOSANTHES
AND ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE
Huang Lu-qi, Yue Chong-xi, Zheng Jun-hua, Cheng Jing-rong
1999, 19(3): 298-301.
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As seeds play important role in this genus, SEM examination on testa surface of 31 species and 3 varieties has been taken. Four types of the testa surface character have been recognized, type A:reticulate, type B:Wavy C:bee hive-shaped, type D:irregular. The testa examination supports the taxonomical subdivision based on the grass morphology, There is close affinity between
sect. foliobracteola
and
Sect. involucraria
on account they all belong to type A ad type
B. Subsect
.
villosae
and
Subsect
.
Foliobracteola
are distinguished, because the latter belong to type A and type B. The testa character also support the placement of
T. truncata
C. B. Clarke and
T. villosa Bl
. in
Sect. Foliobracteola
.
INDUCTION OF SYNCHRONY AND ISOLATION OF METAPHASE CHROMSOMES FROM MITOTIC ROOT TIP CELLS IN
ALLIUM SATIVUM
Peng Yong-kang, Zhao Jian, Chen Rui-yang
1999, 19(3): 302-307.
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In this study, metaphase cell synchrony and prophase, anaphase-telophase partial synchrony during mitosis of root tip cells in
Allium sativum
have been studied by using hydroxyurea (HU) and amiprophosmethyl (APM) treatment. It was shown that metaphase index (Met. I) can be increased around 35% at 1.25 mmol/L HU plus 4 μmol/L APM treatments in root tip cells. About 27% prophase cell division can be detected when root tips treated for 18hr with 1.25 mmol/L HU. Partial synchronization of cell division at anaphase-telophase has also been obtained only using HU treatment, mitotic frequency has reached at 17%.
Metaphase chromosomes isolating from root tip cells was performed using Schubert method, about 170 chromosomes were obtained in per-microlitre of the isolation buffer.
STUDY ON THE ALLOPLASMIC EFFECT OF WHEAT
Liu Wei-hua, Xue Xi-Xu, Xiang-ling, Li Ji-lin
1999, 19(3): 308-312.
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The purpose of the experiment is that, Four alloplasm of Triticum aestivum cv, Chinese Spring With the cytoplasms of Aegilops, that is,T. Zhukovskyi(G type), Ae. Crassa(D
2
type), Ae. Mutica(M
t
type)and Ae. variabilis(S
v
type), were used as female paren. which respectively were crossed with male parent Ha shi one (AABBDD), All the nuclear genotype of F1 hybrid generation were compele the same. Under this condition, according to the difference among the character of F1 generation, we can discuss the effect of cytoplasm.
FACTORS AFFECTING PLANT REGENERATION FROM PROTOPLASTS DERIVED FROM CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES OF
OXYTROPIS LEPTOPHYLLA
Zhang Gen-fa, Zhou Yan-qing, Zhang Fei-xiong, Li Xiao-yu
1999, 19(3): 313-317.
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Cell-suspension cultures derived from the calli initiated from plumalar axis of
Oxytropis leptophylla
were used for studying the effects of different enzymes, phytohormones and osmotic pressure in medium (e. g. the content of glucose) on protoplast isolation and culture. The results showed that the protoplasts were easy to damage into small segments when osmotic pressure was out of balance for protoplats' protoplasm. It was also found that the low osmotic pressure acted similarly to 2,4-D at high concentration in inducing the cell budding division, which resulted in death of cells. The optimum osmotic pressure and phytohormones combination was determined.
THE TISSUE CULTURE OF DRUG PLANT-CHINESE MAGNOLIAVINE
Chen Ya-jun, Wu Xiu-ju, Guan Zheng-hua, Yang Yong-fu
1999, 19(3): 318-322.
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The explants of Chinese magnoliavine tender stems with axillary buds are cultured in MS medium with addition of different concentration and kinds of hormone. The results show that sprouting of axillary bud is best on MS medium with addition of 6-BA
2.0
+ZT
0.1
mg/L;and the multiplication of adventitious bud is best on MS medium with the addition of 6-BA
2.0
+NAA
0.2
+ZT
0.1
mg/L;and the growth of roots is best on MS medium with addition of NAA
0.2
mg/L. Seedlings with growing to 2.0~2.5 cm and 3~5 roots are transplanted to the pots with disinfect soil after 2 days training. 10 days later, the survival rate reaches 100%.
STUDY ON INTRODUCTION AND CULTIVATION OF
PINUS PUMILA
(PALL) REGEL F.
HINGGANENSIS
(H. J. ZHANG) G. Y. ZHAO
Li Chang-hai, Liu Wei, Liu Yu-ming, Wang Dong-mei
1999, 19(3): 323-328.
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Pinus pumila
(Pall) Regel f.
hingganensis
(H. J. Zhang) G. Y. Zhao which is a form of
Pinus pumila
(Pall) Regel has just been found in recent years, and small in amount. In order to protect and make use of this species, we have studied its biological, ecological characteristics and propagation techniques. The results indicate:grafting is the effective method of propagation, the most suitable rootstocks are
Pinus koraiensis
Sieb. et Zucc and
Pinus sylvestris
var.
mongolica
Litv. The successful grafting makes it protected in the forest botanical garden of Heilongjiang province.
RESPONSES OF
FRAXINUS MANCHURICA
SEEDLING ROOTS TO HETEROGENEOUS NUTRIENTS AND WATER DISTRIBUTION
Wang Zheng-quan, Zhang Yan-dong, Wang Qing-cheng
1999, 19(3): 329-334.
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In this paper,we use sand pots to study
manchurican ash
seedling root growth,root mass distribution,root/shoot mass ratio and fine root diameters in greenhouse under rich or poor nutrients and water patches. The results show that the root growth and distribution were greatly influenced by spatial heterogenous nutrients and water. There were higher root growth, root density and root mass in nutrient-rich and water-rich patches than in poor. Under poor patches, root growth, especially fine root growth was limited due to not enough nutrients and water for root foraging. Comparing both rich and poor patches in this experiment, fine root diameters was thinner and specific fine root length was higher in nutrient-rich patches. This responses is advantageous to plants growth in soil with high spatial heterogeneity in nutrient distribution. In water-poor patches, fine root growth was decrease and diameter was thinner, which was disadvantageous to plant growth.
PATTERN OF PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRATION IN THE CLONAL WHITE CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.)
Li Si-dong, Liu Di, Zheng Jin-ling, Hu Bao-zhong, Zhou Yi-liang
1999, 19(3): 335-340.
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Transport of resources in the vascular system was analysed using acid fuchsin dye and
14
C-labelled photoassimilate. All transport of dye in the xylem was acroptetal. The patterns of movement of labelled photoassimilate in the phloem were qualitatively against to the movement of acid fuchsin in xylem. All transport was basipetal. Although there was some acropetal movement, assimilate was predominantly translocated towards the basilar. Transport was changed with stage of clonal growth, they change from having complete integration, to become a number of semi-autonomous integrated physiological units(IPUs). Different stolon branches are in different IPUs. Such a structure may be superior to a system of integration branches for exploring a heterogeneous habitat.
DROUGHT RESISTANCE INDEX OF 6 TREE SPECIES IN THE LOESS REGION
Wang Meng-ben, Li Hong-jian, Chai Bao-feng, Wu Dong-mei
1999, 19(3): 341-346.
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The seasonal and interspecific changes of drought resistance were studied in 6 species of trees in the Loess Plateau based on the data of main water parameters measured by using pressure-volume technique. The result showed that the drought resistance index (DI) value of the tested species was in a steady increase during the annual growing season except in the middle of annual rainy period, i. e. the second peak period of tree growth. During the period of serious water stress of soil profile, the DI values of 6 species had following order from big to small:
Malus micromalus
,
Populus hopeiensis
,
Caragana korshinskii
,
Populus simonii
,
Populus beijingensis
,
Robinia pseudoacacia
.
CHANGES OF SEVERAL OSMOTICA IN
PUCCINELLIA TENUIFLORA
SEEDLING UNDER ALKALI SALT STRESS
Yan Xiu-feng, Sun Guo-rong, Li Jing, Xiao Wei
1999, 19(3): 347-355.
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Puccinellia tenuiflora
seedlings were treated by alkaline salt solution that was made up according to ions composition of the alkaline soil of Songnen alkaline grassland. Contents of several osmotica in above-ground part of
P. tenuiflora
seedling under alkaline salt stress were determined. With the increment of alkaline salt concentration and stress days, content of Na
+
, soluble salt, free proline and soluble carbohydrate increased gradually, and the change of free proline is the greatest. Under the stress of alkaline salt which concentration is smaller than 20 g L
-1
, K
+
content decreased a little with the stress days, and under the concentration of 40 g L
-1
and 60 g L
-1
, K
+
content decreased first, and then increased rapidly.
EFFECTS OF PRECURSORS ON TAXOL BIOSYNTHESIS IN CELL CULTURES OF
TAXUS CHINENSIS
Li Jia-ru, Cao Meng-de, Liu Man-xi, Chen Hui-rong, Wu Zhen-bin, Wang Jun-jian
1999, 19(3): 356-360.
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The response of
T. chinensis
TC158 cell line to the addition of precursors/regulators of taxol is described in this paper. On the 25th day after inoculation, cell cultures were supplemented with different concentrations of one of the following compounds:sodium acetate, sodium benzoate, L-phenylalanine, glycine, L-serine, α-pinene and turpentine oil. The results demonstrated that taxol biosynthesis was improved in different degrees, while the cell growth was not significantly affected by various precursors/regulators.
