Bulletin of Botanical Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 517-530.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.012
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Xiangbo CHEN1(
), Fangzhou LIU1,2, Yibing FENG2
Received:2025-12-05
Online:2026-05-20
Published:2026-06-01
Contact:
Xiangbo CHEN
E-mail:cxb7210@163.com
CLC Number:
Xiangbo CHEN, Fangzhou LIU, Yibing FENG. Testing and Clustering Analysis of Floral Scent Compounds of Calycanthus[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(3): 517-530.
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URL: https://bbr.nefu.edu.cn/EN/10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.012
Table 1
Characteristics of tested Calycanthus plants
品种 Variety | 种质起源 Origin of resources | 花色 Flower color | 花径 Bloom diameter/cm | 花型 Floral form | 花期 Flowering period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
夏蜡梅 C. chinensis | 原种 | 白色、外被片边缘淡粉紫, 内被片边缘黄色 | 5.6~6.5 | 碗形 | 4月中旬—6月上旬 |
美国蜡梅 C. floridus | 原种 | 红褐色 | 4.5~5.4 | 荷花形 | 4月下旬—6月上旬 |
美国蜡梅‘雅典’ C. floridus ‘Athens’ | 芽变品种 | 黄~黄绿色 | 4.5~5.0 | 荷花形 | 5月上旬—7月上旬 |
‘美夏’ C. ‘Meixia’ | 美国蜡梅×夏蜡梅 | 红紫色、内被片边缘乳黄色 | 6.5~7.7 | 碗形 | 4月下旬—6月上旬 |
‘粉灿’ C. ‘Fencan’ | 美国蜡梅×夏蜡梅 | 粉紫色、内被片边缘乳白色 | 7.8~8.4 | 碟形 | 4月下旬—5月中旬 |
‘小蝶’ C. ‘Xiaodie’ | 美国蜡梅×夏蜡梅 | 灰紫色、内被片边缘乳黄色 | 5.8~6.8 | 荷花形 | 4月下旬—5月上旬 |
‘红运’ C. ‘Hongyun’ | 夏蜡梅×美国蜡梅 | 灰紫色、内被片边缘黄色 | 6.5~7.0 | 碗形 | 4月下旬—6月中旬 |
‘红笑’ C. ‘Hongxiao’ | 美国蜡梅‘雅典’×夏蜡梅 | 深红色、内被片边缘乳黄色 | 6.8~7.5 | 碗形 | 4月中旬—5月上旬 |
‘维纳斯’ C. ‘Venus’ | (夏蜡梅×西美蜡梅)× (夏蜡梅×美国蜡梅‘雅典’) | 白色、内被片基部紫红色 | 7.2~7.8 | 碗形 | 4月下旬—5月上旬 |
Table 2
The floral scent compounds from Calycanthus plants(HS-SPME)
类别 Class | 化合物 Compounds | 保留时间 Retention time/ min | 相对含量 Relative content/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
夏蜡梅 C. chinensis | 美国蜡梅 C. floridus | 美国蜡梅‘雅典’ C. floridus ‘Athens’ | ‘红运’ C. ‘Hongyun’ | ‘美夏’ C. ‘Meixia’ | ‘粉灿’ C. ‘Fencan’ | ‘小蝶’ C. ‘Xiaodie’ | ‘红笑’ C. ‘Hongxiao’ | ‘维纳斯’ C. ‘Venus’ | |||
萜烯类及其衍生物 Terpenes and the derivatives | α-蒎烯 | 4.24 | 7.64 | 0.93 | — | 9.56 | 14.87 | 19.84 | 7.10 | 2.25 | 2.15 |
| β-蒎烯 | 6.08 | 3.01 | 0.57 | — | 6.13 | 6.47 | 12.36 | 3.13 | 1.06 | 1.09 | |
| β-月桂烯 | 7.63 | 1.51 | — | — | 9.27 | 27.23 | 14.31 | 0.18 | 14.04 | — | |
| 反式-石竹烯 | 20.87 | — | — | — | 0.12 | 0.87 | 0.12 | — | 0.44 | — | |
| 莰烯 | 5.13 | 1.49 | 0.45 | — | 3.98 | 15.12 | 7.66 | 2.58 | 0.47 | 0.15 | |
| 桧烯 | 6.42 | — | — | — | 1.70 | 2.02 | 0.35 | — | — | — | |
| 柠檬烯 | 8.59 | 0.89 | — | — | 2.08 | 2.94 | 4.19 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.44 | |
| 萜品油烯 | 11.18 | — | — | — | 0.24 | 0.57 | 0.37 | — | — | — | |
| α-松油烯 | 8.06 | — | — | — | 0.17 | 1.79 | — | — | — | 0.88 | |
| γ-松油烯 | 10.03 | — | — | — | 0.29 | 1.83 | 0.07 | — | — | 0.22 | |
| α-水芹烯 | 7.64 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 22.69 | |
| β-水芹烯 | 8.87 | — | — | — | 0.11 | 0.39 | 0.11 | — | — | 0.32 | |
| β-罗勒烯 | 10.26 | — | — | — | — | 14.56 | 8.19 | 0.18 | 14.49 | 1.30 | |
| 反式-β-罗勒烯 | 9.76 | — | — | — | 0.10 | 0.48 | 0.24 | — | 0.79 | 0.44 | |
| 新别罗勒烯 | 14.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.69 | — | |
| δ-榄香烯 | 17.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.13 | — | |
| β-榄香烯 | 20.72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.14 | — | |
| (+)-香橙烯 | 21.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.19 | — | |
| γ-榄香烯 | 22.13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.31 | — | |
| 大根香叶烯 B | 27.26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.16 | — | |
| 大根香叶烯 D | 24.05 | — | — | — | 0.19 | — | 0.17 | — | 0.38 | — | |
| 双环大根香叶烯 | 24.72 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.16 | — | 0.51 | — | |
| (+)-δ-荜澄茄烯 | 25.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.56 | — | |
| 3-侧柏烯 | 4.33 | — | — | — | 0.47 | 2.48 | — | — | — | 1.32 | |
| 小计Subtotal | 14.54 | 1.95 | 0.00 | 34.39 | 91.61 | 68.15 | 13.72 | 37.09 | 31.00 | ||
| 醇类Alcohol | 乙醇 | 2.99 | — | 9.06 | 0.11 | 2.83 | 3.87 | 2.38 | 17.54 | 1.47 | 0.73 |
| 芳樟醇 | 19.56 | — | — | — | — | — | 1.07 | — | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 9.06 | 0.11 | 2.83 | 3.87 | 3.45 | 17.54 | 1.47 | 0.73 | ||
| 醛类Aldehydes | 乙醛 | 1.75 | — | 0.33 | 0.08 | 0.6 | 0.77 | 1.77 | 0.39 | 1.06 | 1.02 |
| 己醛 | 5.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.13 | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 0.33 | 0.08 | 0.60 | 0.77 | 1.77 | 0.40 | 1.18 | 1.02 | ||
| 酮类Ketone | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 11.15 | — | 5.23 | — | — | — | — | 4.79 | — | — |
| 2-乙酰氧基-3-丁酮 | 14.32 | — | 0.27 | — | — | — | — | 0.81 | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 5.49 | — | — | — | — | 5.60 | — | — | ||
| 酸类Acids | 乙酸 | 16.83 | — | 0.04 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 0.04 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| 酯类Esters | 乙酸甲酯 | 2.17 | — | 0.10 | 0.58 | 0.39 | — | 0.16 | — | 1.37 | 0.40 |
| 乙酸乙酯 | 2.53 | — | 63.22 | 25.46 | 59.06 | — | 23.87 | 49.98 | 38.76 | 20.34 | |
| 乙酸丙酯 | 3.49 | — | 0.55 | — | 0.20 | — | 0.09 | — | — | 0.71 | |
| 乙酸戊酯 | 7.91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.33 | |
| 乙酸异丁酯 | 4.09 | — | 2.55 | 27.89 | 0.22 | — | — | — | — | 22.61 | |
| 乙酸异戊酯 | 6.51 | — | 2.33 | 4.05 | 0.53 | — | 0.42 | — | — | 15.22 | |
| 乙酸叶醇酯 | 12.31 | — | — | — | 0.25 | — | 0.12 | — | — | — | |
| 乙酸冰片酯 | 20.41 | — | — | — | 0.65 | — | 1.11 | — | — | 3.02 | |
| 丙酸乙酯 | 3.29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.96 | — | 0.28 | |
| 丁酸甲酯 | 3.65 | — | — | 0.37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 丁酸异丁酯 | 7.53 | — | — | 0.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 丁酸乙酯 | 4.53 | — | — | 22.99 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.61 | |
| 己酸甲酯 | 8.29 | — | — | 0.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 己酸乙酯 | 9.34 | — | — | 2.36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 异丁酸乙酯 | 3.38 | — | 0.37 | 7.21 | 0.12 | — | — | — | 1.27 | 1.67 | |
| 异丁酸异丁酯 | 5.75 | — | — | 0.49 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2-甲基丙酸乙酯 | 3.29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.98 | — | — | |
| 2-甲基丁酸乙酯 | 4.84 | — | — | 1.53 | — | — | — | — | 1.57 | 1.66 | |
| 3-甲基丁酸乙酯 | 5.14 | — | — | 0.43 | — | — | — | 1.65 | 1.16 | 1.06 | |
| 丁烷-2,3-二乙酸二酯 | 18.77 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.36 | — | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 69.16 | 94.03 | 61.42 | — | 26.11 | 53.56 | 44.13 | 67.90 | ||
烷烃类化合物 Alkane compounds | 正辛烷 | 2.04 | 2.72 | 0.17 | 0.05 | — | — | — | 0.45 | 0.21 | — |
| 正癸烷 | 3.88 | 7.80 | 1.93 | 0.99 | — | — | — | — | 2.22 | — | |
| 正壬烷 | 2.43 | 0.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 正十二烷 | 8.79 | 1.66 | 0.75 | 0.43 | — | — | — | — | 0.96 | — | |
| 4-甲基庚烷 | 1.91 | — | 0.43 | 0.10 | — | — | — | — | 0.59 | — | |
| 4-甲基辛烷 | 2.34 | 6.72 | 0.68 | 0.19 | — | — | — | — | 0.63 | — | |
| 4-甲基癸烷 | 4.56 | — | 0.37 | 0.52 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2,5-二甲基己烷 | 1.65 | 1.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2,5-二甲基壬烷 | 3.7 | 2.75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 4-甲基癸烷 | 4.56 | 2.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 5-甲基癸烷 | 4.49 | 1.30 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2-甲基庚烷 | 1.75 | 4.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2,4-二甲基庚烷 | 2.08 | 18.92 | 1.41 | 0.37 | — | — | — | 0.44 | 1.61 | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | 49.29 | 5.73 | 2.65 | — | — | — | 0.89 | 6.23 | — | ||
| 总计Total | 63.83 | 91.76 | 97.02 | 99.24 | 96.26 | 99.48 | 91.71 | 90.10 | 100.00 | ||
Table 3
The floral scent compounds from Calycanthus plants(HS)
类别 Class | 化合物 Compounds | 保留时间 Retention time/ min | 相对含量 Relative content/% | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
夏蜡梅 C. chinensis | 美国蜡梅 C. floridus | 美国蜡梅‘雅典’ C. floridus ‘Athens’ | ‘红运’ C. ‘Hongyun’ | ‘美夏’ C. ‘Meixia’ | ‘粉灿’ C. ‘Fencan’ | ‘小蝶’ C. ‘Xiaodie’ | ‘红笑’ C. ‘Hongxiao’ | ‘维纳斯’ C. ‘Venus’ | |||
萜烯类及其衍生物 Terpenes and their derivatives | α-蒎烯 | 10.42 | 45.72 | 4.16 | — | 2.59 | 11.54 | 8.14 | 11.31 | 1.15 | 0.89 |
| β-蒎烯 | 11.96 | — | 3.06 | — | 2.45 | 6.24 | 6.69 | 7.19 | 0.66 | 0.40 | |
| β-月桂烯 | 12.45 | 10.83 | 0.35 | 0.14 | 5.10 | 13.90 | 7.31 | 1.54 | 17.75 | 2.22 | |
| 莰烯 | 10.93 | 12.08 | 3.54 | — | 1.81 | 16.16 | 4.64 | 13.50 | 0.39 | — | |
| 桧烯 | 11.85 | — | — | — | 0.81 | 3.16 | — | 1.54 | — | — | |
| 柠檬烯 | 13.85 | 5.21 | 0.81 | — | 0.80 | 1.59 | 2.14 | 1.70 | — | 0.54 | |
| 萜品油烯 | 16.05 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.22 | — | — | — | |
| α-松油烯 | 13.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.73 | |
| γ-松油烯 | 14.96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.36 | |
| α-水芹烯 | 12.95 | — | 0.10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 43.01 | |
| β-罗勒烯 | 14.53 | — | 1.30 | 14.04 | — | 11.37 | 7.14 | 10.21 | 37.55 | 3.85 | |
| 反式-β-罗勒烯 | 14.13 | — | — | 0.64 | — | — | — | — | 0.68 | 0.73 | |
| 大根香叶烯D | 29.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.60 | — | |
| 双环大根香叶烯 | 29.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.70 | — | |
| (+)-δ-荜澄茄烯 | 30.11 | — | — | 0.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3-侧柏烯 | 10.18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.71 | |
| 小计Subtotal | 73.84 | 13.31 | 14.95 | 13.55 | 63.95 | 36.29 | 46.98 | 59.48 | 54.43 | ||
| 醇类Alcohol | 乙醇 | 2.39 | — | 18.19 | 0.71 | 15.20 | 22.76 | 13.07 | 32.53 | 6.29 | 6.00 |
| 桉叶油醇 | 13.93 | — | — | 0.11 | — | — | — | 0.43 | — | — | |
| 1-丙醇 | 2.73 | — | 0.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2-甲基-1-丙醇 | 3.18 | — | 0.68 | 0.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 18.96 | 1.69 | 15.20 | 22.76 | 13.07 | 32.96 | 6.29 | 6.00 | ||
醛类 Aldehydes | 乙醛 | 2.29 | — | 0.58 | 0.10 | 2.62 | 1.18 | 0.96 | 2.89 | 0.75 | 0.46 |
| 丁醛 | 2.95 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.26 | |
| 戊醛 | 4.04 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.51 | — | — | 2.88 | |
| 己醛 | 6.14 | — | 0.31 | — | 0.30 | 1.14 | 1.72 | 2.00 | — | 2.43 | |
| 庚醛 | 9.22 | — | 0.52 | 0.18 | 0.69 | — | — | — | 0.62 | — | |
| 壬醛 | 16.57 | — | 0.10 | — | — | 1.84 | 0.26 | 0.81 | — | 1.32 | |
| 2-甲基丙醛 | 2.76 | — | — | — | 0.16 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | 1.52 | 0.28 | 3.76 | 4.16 | 3.46 | 5.69 | 1.37 | 7.35 | ||
| 酮类Ketone | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 4.20 | — | 8.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 小计Subtotal | 4.20 | — | 8.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 酸类Acids | 乙酸 | 16.82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.15 | — |
| 小计Subtotal | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.15 | — | ||
酯类 Esters | 乙酸甲酯 | 2.61 | — | 0.09 | 0.71 | 0.22 | — | — | — | 0.83 | 0.26 |
| 乙酸乙酯 | 3.09 | — | 54.81 | 46.66 | 65.74 | — | 37.02 | 4.42 | 29.63 | 22.69 | |
| 乙酸异丁酯 | 5.49 | — | 0.15 | 18.81 | — | — | — | — | — | 5.81 | |
| 乙酸异戊酯 | 8.41 | — | 0.08 | 0.42 | — | — | — | — | — | 1.04 | |
| 乙酸冰片酯 | 22.94 | 5.28 | 2.05 | — | 1.08 | 8.64 | 4.69 | 9.66 | — | — | |
| 乙酸芳樟酯 | 16.43 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.81 | — | — | — | |
| 乙酸-2-甲基丁酯 | 8.51 | — | — | 0.37 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.93 | |
| 丙酸乙酯 | 4.23 | — | — | 0.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 丁酸甲酯 | 4.42 | — | — | 0.22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 丁酸异丁酯 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| 丁酸乙酯 | 6.42 | — | — | 8.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 己酸乙酯 | 12.72 | — | — | 0.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 异丁酸甲酯 | 3.85 | — | — | 0.10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 异丁酸乙酯 | 5.17 | — | 0.09 | 5.78 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.43 | |
| 异丁酸异丁酯 | 9.68 | — | — | 0.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 2-甲基丁酸乙酯 | 7.56 | — | — | 0.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3-甲基丁酸乙酯 | 7.66 | — | — | 0.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 小计Subtotal | 5.28 | 57.28 | 82.28 | 67.04 | 8.64 | 46.53 | 14.08 | 30.45 | 31.16 | ||
| 其他Others | 异丁腈 | 3.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.37 | — |
| 对伞花烃 | 13.70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.60 | |
| 小计Subtotal | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.37 | 0.60 | ||
| 总计Total | 79.12 | 99.19 | 99.71 | 99.53 | 98.11 | 99.21 | 99.56 | 99.51 | 99.34 | ||
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