Infraspecific taxa of Paris fargesii Franch.

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the taxonomic composition of Paris fargesii Franch.， the morphological characteristics， phenological period， phytochemistry， molecular biology and geographical distribution of P. fargesii Franch. were compared and analyzed respectively. The results showed that there were five taxa， including P. fargesii var. fargesii， P. fargesii var. latipetala， P. fargesii var. brevipetalata， P. fargesii var. macrosepala and the black patch population. All of them differed in morphology， phenological period， steroidal saponins composition and ITS sequence， and had their own geographical distribution range. The phenological period and chemical composition of P. fargesii var. petiolata were closer to P. delavayi， and clustered into one branch in the ITS phylogenetic tree， and there was a transitional group between them. Therefore， P. fargesii var. petiolata should be removed from P. fargesii，as a variety of P. delavayi， which scientific name was P. delavayi var. petiolata. It was speculated that the infraspecific evolution order of P. fargesii was P. fargesii var. brevipetalata→P. fargesii var. latipetala→P. fargesii var. fargesii→P. fargesii var. macrosepala， black patch population.

Key words: Paris fargesii, infraspecific taxonomy, Paris fargesii var. petiolata, Paris delavayi

CLC Number:

S567.9

Zixuan REN, Ling ZHAO, Jiawen ZHAO, Qinghe WANG, Hongxiang YIN. Infraspecific taxa of Paris fargesii Franch.[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(4): 505-519.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 2

Morphological characteristics of P.fargesii and P. delavayi

种/变种

Species/Variety

花基数

Flower

number

药凸Freeportion of connective

雄蕊Stamens

内轮花被片Inner tepals

形态

Morphology

长度

Length/mm

形态

Morphology

排列方式

Arrangement

大小

Size

形态

Morphology

球药隔重楼原变种

P. fargesii var. fargesii

4~6

球形、马蹄形

Spherical，horseshoe

0.5~1.3

直立，短小

Upright，short

环形，疏离柱头

Annular，detached from stigma

长Length：4.0~8.0 cm

宽Width：≤1.0 mm

线形

Linear

宽瓣球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. latipetala

4~6

球形、马蹄形

Spherical，horseshoe

0.3~1.0

弯曲，短小

Curve，short

环形，紧贴柱头

Annular，close to stigma

长Length：1.1~1.7 cm

宽Width：3.5~6.5 mm

长椭圆形

Oblong

短瓣球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. brevipetalata

4~6

球形、马蹄形

Spherical，horseshoe

0.4~1.2

弯曲，短小

Curve，short

环形，紧贴柱头

Annular，close to stigma

长Length：0.8~1.7 cm

宽Width：≤1.0 mm

线形

Linear

大萼球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. macrosepala

4~6

蝶形、双肾形

Butterfly，double kidney

0.7~1.5

直立，短小

Upright，short

环形，紧贴柱头

Annular，close to stigma

长Length：2.0~5.3 cm

宽Width：≤1.0 mm

线形

Linear

球药隔黑斑种群

Black patch population

3~5

扁平纽扣形

Flat button

<0.5

直立，短小

Upright，short

三角形或矩形，疏离柱头

Triangle or rectangle，

detached from stigma

长Length：0.8~1.6 cm

宽Width：1.0~3.0 mm

线形

Linear

具柄重楼

P. fargesii var. petiolata

3~7

尖头状、棒状

Cuspidal，rodlike

2.0~4.0

直立，细长

Upright，long

环形，疏离柱头

Annular，detached from stigma

长Length：1.5~2.5 cm

宽Width：1.1~2.5 mm

线形

Linear

金线重楼

P. delavayi var. delavayi

3~7

尖头状、棒状

Cuspidal，rodlike

3.0~7.0

直立，细长

Upright，long

环形，疏离柱头

Annular，detached from stigma

长Length：0.5~1.6 cm

宽Width：≤1 mm

线形

Linear

种/变种

Species/Variety

外轮花被片Outer tepals

内轮与外轮花

被片长度之比

Length ratio of inner

and outer tepals

叶萼比

Ratio of leaf to outer tepals

叶片Leaves

大小

Size

形态

Morphology

颜色

Color

数量

Number

形态

Morphology

球药隔重楼原变种

P. fargesii var. fargesii

长Length：3.5~5.5 cm

宽Width：1.0~2.1 cm

平展或稍向下反折

Flatten or fold slightly downward

绿色（部分基部稍有紫黑色晕染）

Green（Part of the base with a

slight purple black haze）

≥1

长度比Length ratio：3.05~3.38

宽度比Beam ratio：4.33~5.00

4~6

卵形、卵状长圆形、卵状披针形

Ovate，ovate oblong and ovate lanceolate

宽瓣球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. latipetala

长Length：3.3~5.4 cm

宽Width：1.1~2.3 cm

平展或稍向下反折

Flatten or fold slightly downward

绿色（部分基部稍有紫黑色晕染）

Green（Part of the base with a slight

purple black haze）

<1/2

长度比Length ratio：2.71~5.03

宽度比Beam ratio：5.18~7.88

4~6

卵形、卵状长圆形、卵状披针形

Ovate，ovate oblong and ovate lanceolate

短瓣球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. brevipetalata

长Length：3.2~5.3 cm

宽Width：1.0~2.3 cm

稍向下反折

Fold slightly downward

绿色（大部分基部有紫黑色晕染）

Green（Most of the base with

purple black haze）

<1/2

长度比Length ratio：2.91~3.82

宽度比Beam ratio：4.00~6.67

4~6

卵形、卵状长圆形、卵状披针形

Ovate，ovate oblong and ovate lanceolate

大萼球药隔重楼

P. fargesii var. macrosepala

长Length：6.5~11.0 cm

宽Width：2.5~4.0 cm

平展或稍向下反折

Flatten or fold slightly downward

绿色

Green

≤1/2

长度比Length ratio：1.69~2.30

宽度比Beam ratio：2.41~3.36

4~6

卵形、卵状长圆形、卵状披针形

Ovate，ovate oblong and ovate lanceolate

球药隔黑斑种群

Black patch population

长Length：2.4~5.4 cm

宽Width：0.8~2.9 cm

平展或稍向下反折

Flatten or fold slightly downward

绿色（近先端具紫黑色斑块）

Green（Nnear apex with purple black patches）

<1/2

长度比Length ratio：2.86~3.95

宽度比Beam ratio：4.12~6.74

3~5

卵形、卵状长圆形、卵状披针形

Ovate，ovate oblong and ovate lanceolate

具柄重楼

P. fargesii var. petiolata

长Length：4.6~6.7 cm

宽Width：1.0~2.1 cm

向上斜伸

Inclined upwards stretched

绿色（基部稍有紫黑色）

Green（Base with a slight purple black）

—

6~9

宽卵形、卵形

Broadly ovate，ovate

金线重楼

P. delavayi var. delavayi

长Length：1.5~4.1 cm

宽Width：0.3~1.0 cm

明显向下反折

Fold obviously downward

紫黑色或稍带绿色

Purple black or slightly green

<1/2

—

5~9

狭披针形、卵状披针形

Narrow lanceolate，ovate lanceolate

Table 2

Fig.3

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.4

Fig.5

Table 5

Fig.6

Fig.7

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样品编号 Sample No.	种/变种 Species/Variety	收集地点 Collection site
S1~S4	球药隔重楼原变种P. fargesii var. fargesii	湖北省通山县Tongshan County，Hubei Province
S5~S9	宽瓣球药隔重楼P. fargesii var. latipetala	贵州省都匀市Duyun City，Guizhou Province
S10~S12	短瓣球药隔重楼P. fargesii var. brevipetalata	江西省井冈山市Jinggangshan City，Jiangxi Province
S13		贵州省安顺市Anshun City，Guizhou Province
S14		贵州省福泉市 Fuquan City，Guizhou Province
S15~S19	大萼球药隔重楼P. fargesii var. macrosepala	湖南省双牌县Shuangpai County，Hunan Province
S20~S21	球药隔黑斑种群Black patch population	江西省井冈山市Jinggangshan City，Jiangxi Province
S22	球药隔黑斑种群Black patch population	贵州省都匀市Duyun City，Guizhou Province
S23	具柄重楼P. fargesii var. petiolata	四川省崇州市Chongzhou City，Sichuan Province
S24		四川省洪雅县Hongya County，Sichuan Province
S25		四川省石棉县Shimian County，Sichuan Province
S26		贵州省六盘水市 Liupanshui City，Guizhou Province
S27~S30	金线重楼P. delavayi var. delavayi	四川省屏山县Pingshan County，Sichuan Province

样品编号 Sample No.	种/变种 Species/Variety	重楼皂苷Ⅶ Polyphyllin Ⅶ /%	重楼皂苷H Polyphyllin H /%	重楼皂苷Ⅵ Polyphyllin Ⅵ /%	重楼皂苷Ⅱ Polyphyllin Ⅱ /%	重楼皂苷Ⅰ Polyphyllin Ⅰ /%	重楼皂苷Ⅴ Polyphyllin Ⅴ /%	总含量 Total content /%
S1	球药隔重楼原变种 P. fargesii var. fargesii	1.02	0.65	0.78	—	—	—	2.45
S2		1.04	0.75	0.67	—	—	—	2.46
S3		1.16	0.78	1.08	—	—	—	1.16
S4		0.90	1.17	0.71	—	—	—	0.90
S5	宽瓣球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. latipetala	0.25	0.33	—	0.12	1.22	0.56	0.25
S6		0.31	0.40	—	0.09	0.78	0.14	0.31
S7		0.45	0.52	—	0.38	1.56	0.44	0.45
S8		0.55	0.67	0.08	0.25	1.07	0.38	0.55
S9		0.87	1.00	0.41	0.18	0.87	0.78	0.87
S10	短瓣球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. brevipetalata	0.67	0.08	4.42	—	0.06	0.21	0.67
S11		0.90	0.22	4.66	—	0.11	0.11	0.90
S12		0.95	1.49	3.61	—	0.06	0.10	0.95
S13		0.88	0.20	3.30	—	0.08	0.08	0.88
S14		1.00	0.52	3.21	—	0.05	0.21	1.00
S15	大萼球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. macrosepala	1.32	1.41	0.64	—	—	—	1.32
S16		1.18	1.72	0.72	—	—	—	1.18
S17		1.43	1.48	0.72	—	—	—	1.43
S18		0.91	1.98	1.03	—	—	0.21	0.91
S19		1.29	0.46	1.36	—	—	—	1.29
S20	球药隔黑斑种群 Black patch population	0.41	1.49	0.27	—	—	0.04	2.21
S21		0.86	2.09	0.38	—	—	0.03	3.36
S22		0.61	0.14	1.23	—	—	—	1.98
S23	具柄重楼 P. fargesii var. petiolata	0.54	0.16	—	—	—	—	0.70
S24		0.18	0.31	—	—	—	—	0.49
S25		0.43	0.15	—	—	—	—	0.58
S26		0.21	0.12	—	—	—	—	0.21
S27	金线重楼 P. delavayi var. delavayi	0.11	—	—	—	—	—	0.11
S28		0.06	0.05	—	—	—	—	0.11
S29		0.20	0.04	—	—	—	—	0.24
S30		0.05	0.02	—	—	—	—	0.05

种/变种 Species/Variety	种内K2P距离 Intraspecific K2P distance		种间K2P距离 Interspecific K2P distance
种/变种 Species/Variety	最大K2P距离 Maximum K2P distance	平均K2P距离 Mean K2P distance	最小K2P距离 Minimum K2P distance	平均K2P距离 Mean K2P distance
球药隔重楼原变种 P. fargesii var. fargesii	0.014 7	0.009 8	0.008 2	0.018 1
宽瓣球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. latipetala	0	0	0.006 5	0.012 5
短瓣球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. brevipetalata	0	0	0.008 2	0.013 6
大萼球药隔重楼 P. fargesii var. macrosepala	0	0	0.006 5	0.012 5
球药隔黑斑种群 Black patch population	0	0	0.006 5	0.011 7
具柄重楼 P. fargesii var. petiolata	0.006 5	0.006 5	0.001 6	0.022 2
金线重楼 P. delavayi var. delavayi	0	0	0.001 6	0.021 0

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[5]	Min CHEN, Meng-Fei TIAN, Chang-Yin FENG, Xian-Ming MENG, Meng LUO, Fan-Song MU. Simultaneous Determination of Baschnaloside and Rossicaside B in Boschniakia rossica by HPLC [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 436-440.
[6]	Guo-Lin FU, Ting-Ting LI, Ye-Hua ZHANG, Xiang-Ying WEN, Xue-Chu MA, Chu-Ping WU. Phenological Observation of the Extremely Small Population Plant Styrax zhejiangensis [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 168-173.
[7]	Wei-Zhong KE, Wen-Juan ZHONG, Kai-Ying LIU, Xiang-Yuan LI, Ming-Hua YIN. Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Squalene Synthase(SQS) Gene from Dioscorea bulbifera L. Microtuber [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 243-250.
[8]	Shu-Ping PENG, Cheng-Ming DONG, Yun-Hao ZHU. Cloning and Expression Analysis of Two Key Genes of Jasmonic Acid Synthesis in Response to Endophytic Infection from Rehmannia glutinosa [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 294-301.
[9]	ZHANG Ye, YANG Nan, LIU Yang, TANG Zhong-Hua, GUO Xiao-Rui, WANG Hong-Zheng. Physiological Responses of Two Astragalus membranacus Seedlings to Sulfur Deficiency [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(4): 496-504.
[10]	MA Yue-Hua, GUO Xiao-Rui, YANG Nan, ZHANG Ye, TANG Zhong-Hua, WANG Hong-Zheng. Physiological Mechanisms in Astragalus membranaceus Seedlings Responding to Cadmium Stress [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(4): 497-504.
[11]	ZHAO Xue, YANG Feng-Jian, ZHONG Chen, ZHANG Yuan-Yuan, GE Yun-Long, DENG Yi-Ping, SUI Guang-Chao. Antitumor Activity of Artemisinin Microspheres Loaded with Porous Starch [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(3): 450-457.
[12]	HU Zhong-Yi, FU Tao, HE Yue-Qiu, LI Wen, LIN Li. Evaluation,Selection and Application of Dendrobium officinale EST-SSR Primers [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(1): 78-87.
[13]	QIU Wen-Wu;WEI Chi-Zhang;GUO Ling-Fei;YANG Xiang-Yan;QIN Zhen-Shi;WANG Wen-Ling. Optimization of SRAP System for Guangxi Wild Rhodomyrtus tomentosa*(Ait.) Hassk. [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2013, 33(3): 346-350.
[14]	YANG Gui-Ying;MA Shao-Bin. Megasporegenesis and Female Gametophyte Development in Berberis pruinosa* Franch. [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2013, 33(2): 149-153.
[15]	ZHOU Tao;HUANG Lu-Qi;CUI Guang-Hong;JIANG Wei-Ke;WANG Ming. Phylogenetic Analysis of Trichosanthes* Based on the nrDNA ITS Region [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2010, 30(5): 568-575.