Interspecies Difference of Astragalus on Root Development, Component Accumulation and Apparent Growth in Northern China

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.06.003

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the interspecies difference of Astragalus has an important impact on its industrial planting， the differences between Astragalus mongolicus and A. membranaceus were analyzed including root structure development， root morphology， medicinal components and apparent growth respectively. The results showed that： ①On the early stage， there was no significant difference in root structure between Astragalus species， while sowing 60 d later， starch accumulation in phloem ray and xylem ray parenchyma cells of A. mongolicus were significantly higher than that of A. membrane. ②The contents of calycosin-7-glucoside， formononetin and polysaccharide in root of A. mongolicus were 1.8， 1.6 and 1.3 times as much as that of A. membranaceus， respectively. ③The root morphological distortion rate of A. membranaceus （70%） was significantly higher than that of A. mongolicus（53.1%）， and the confidence intervals of the root shape coefficient（RS₁） of A. membranaceus and A. mongolicus were ［0.77 0.82］ and ［0.74 0.79］， respectively. ④The plant height， ground diameter and A/U values of A. membranaceus were 1.14-1.22， 1.13-1.46， 1.21-1.80 times as much as that of A. mongolicus（P<0.05）， respectively， but the root length was significantly lower than that of A. mongolicus. Therefore， it is suggested that planting varieties should be selected species according to the production target.

Key words: Astragalus mongolicus, Astragalus membranaceus, root anatomical characters, root morphology, apparent growth, medicinal component

CLC Number:

S567.23

Hai-Jun XU, Qin YAO, Xin-Yu CHENG, Xiao-Fei WANG. Interspecies Difference of Astragalus on Root Development, Component Accumulation and Apparent Growth in Northern China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(6): 862-869.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table1

References 21

1	国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典［M］.北京：中国医药科技出版社，2015：302-303.
	Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission.Pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China［M］.Beijing：China Medical Science Press，2015：302-303.
2	Tanaka K，Tamura T，Fukuda S，et al.Quality evaluation of Astragali Radix using a multivariate statistical approach［J］.Phytochemistry，2008，69（10）：2081-2087.
3	杨柳，李爱平，张王宁，等.黄芪及含黄芪经方在治疗肾病方面的药理作用及临床应用研究进展［J］.中草药，2018，49（14）：3419-3424.
	Yang L，Li A P，Zhang W N，et al.Research progress on pharmacological effects and clinical application of single Astragali Radix and classical formulae containing Astragali Radix in treatment of kidney disease［J］.Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs，2018，49（14）：3419-3424.
4	Liu Y T，Lv W L.Research progress in Astragalus Membranaceus and its active components on immune responses in liver Fibrosis［J］.Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine，2019，DOI：10.1007/s11655-019-3039-1.
5	Sinclair S.Chinese herbs：a clinical review of Astragalus，Ligusticum and Schizandrae［J］.Alternative Medicine Review：A Journal of Clinical Therapeutic，1998，3（5）：338-344.
6	秦书敏，林静瑜，黄可儿.黄芪的免疫调节作用研究概述［J］.中华中医药学刊，2017，35（3）：699-702.
	Qin S M，Lin J Y，Huang K E.Immune regulation effects of Astragali radix［J］.Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine，2017，35（3）：699-702.
7	王尔彤，刘鸣远.两种药用黄芪比较生物学研究［J］.植物研究，1996，16（1）：85-91.
	Wang E T，Liu M Y.A comparative biology study on the two medicinal Astragalus［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，1996，16（1）：85-91.
8	王俊杰，张红霞，金雄.蒙古黄芪与膜荚黄芪种子形态特征及其鉴别方法的研究［J］.中草药，2005，36（7）：1072-1075.
	Wang J J，Zhang H X，Jin X.Morphologic characteristics and identification methods of seeds in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and A. membranaceus［J］.Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs，2005，36（7）：1072-1075.
9	闫冲，聂凤禔，董兰凤，等.两种黄芪种子的扫描电镜与紫外光谱鉴别［J］.时珍国医国药，2005，16（8）：720-721.
	Yan C，Nie F Z，Dong L F，et al.Identification of two species of Huangqi seeds by SEM and UV spectrophotometry［J］.Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research，2005，16（8）：720-721.
10	王树斌，吴松权，全雪丽.膜荚黄芪与蒙古黄芪叶显微特征比较研究［J］.江苏农业科学，2012，40（2）：192-194.
	Wang S B，Wu S Q，Quan X L.The comparative study on the microscopic characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus and Astragalus mongolicus leaves［J］.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences，2012，40（2）：192-194.
11	Zheng S H，Liu D W，Ren W G，et al.Integrated analysis for identifying Astragali radix and its adulterants based on DNA barcoding［J］.Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine，2014，2014：843-923.
12	郑司浩，尚兴朴，曾燕，等.蒙古黄芪与膜荚黄芪特异性分子标记鉴别研究［J］.中国现代中药，2019，21（3）：307-311.
	Zheng S H，Shang X P，Zeng Y，et al.Research on identification of two plant origin of Astragali radix based on specific molecular marker technology［J］.Modern Chinese Medicine，2019，21（3）：307-311.
13	Feder N，O'brien T P.Plant microtechnique：some principles and new methods［J］.American Journal of Botany，1968，55（1）：123-139，141-142.
14	李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术［M］.北京：高等教育出版社，2000.
	Li H S.Principles and techniques of plant physiological biochemical experiment［M］.Beijing：Higher Education Press，2000.
15	丁慧，许纪锋，沈君子，等.黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量测定［J］.食品安全质量检测学报，2017，8（1）：223-226.
	Ding H，Xu J F，Shen J Z，et al.Determination of calycosin-7-glucoside in Astragalus membranaceus［J］.Journal of Food Safety & Quality，2017，8（1）：223-226.
16	王玲丽，郭艳茹，邓梅，等.响应面分析法优选黄芪中黄芪甲苷提取工艺［J］.分子植物育种，2017，15（4）：1436-1440.
	Wang L L，Guo Y R，Deng M，et al.Optimum technique of extracting Astragaloside IV from Astragalus membranaceus by supersonic wave using central composite design-response surface methodology［J］.Molecular Plant Breeding，2017，15（4）：1436-1440.
17	武国华，陈艾亭，李龙.原子吸收光谱法在中草药微量元素及重金属分析中的应用［J］.江苏科技大学学报：自然科学版，2012，26（6）：615-623.
	Wu G H，Chen A T，Li L.Application of atomic absorption spectrometry to determining trace elements and heavy metals in Chinese traditional medicine［J］.Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology：Natural Science Edition，2012，26（6）：615-623.
18	李元元，定天明，刘艺婷，等.枸杞子总黄酮和枸杞多糖的提取工艺研究［J］.湖北中医药大学学报，2011，13（3）：18-20.
	Li Y Y，Ding T M，Liu Y T，et al.Studies on the extraction technology of total flavonoids and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L.［J］.Journal of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine，2011，13（3）：18-20.
19	杜国军，秦雪梅，李震宇，等.山西省中药材标准道地黄芪含量测定方法的建立［J］.山西医科大学学报，2013，44（2）：134-138.
	Du G J，Qin X M，Li Z Y，et al.Establishment of a method for determining the contents of astragaloside Ⅳ from Genuine Radix Astragali in traditional Chinese medicine quality standards of Shanxi Province［J］.Journal of Shanxi Medical University，2013，44（2）：134-138.
20	燕玲，宛涛，张众，等.膜荚黄芪与蒙古黄芪植物学特征分析［J］.内蒙古农业大学学报，2001，22（4）：71-77.
	Yan L，Wan T，Zhang Z，et al.Analysis on botanical characters of Astragalus membranacens Bunge.and A.membranacens var. mongolicus（Bunge） Hsiao［J］.Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，2001，22（4）：71-77.
21	赵一之.中药黄芪植物分类及其区系地理分布研究［J］.植物研究，2006，26（5）：532-538.
	Zhao Y Z.Taxonomy and floristic geographical distribution of the Chinese medicinal Huangqi［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2006，26（5）：532-538.

	品种 species	株高 Plant height （cm）	根长 Root length （cm）	地径 Ground diameter （mm）	上端根粗（R₀） Diameter of root upside（mm）	中端根粗（R₁） Middle root diameter（mm）	A/U值 A/U value
Plot 1	蒙古黄芪A. membranaceus var. mongolicus	30.1 ±1.56	21.2^*±2.03	2.67±0.49	5.5±1.14	3.74±0.87	1.58±0.31
Plot 1	膜荚黄芪A. membranaceus	34.6^*±2.68	16.7±2.79	3.03^*±0.62	5.6±1.05	3.95±1.05	1.95^*±0.39
Plot 2	蒙古黄芪A. membranaceus var. mongolicus	45.4 ±6.95	23.7^*±2.51	5.41±1.01	9.9±1.81	6.51±1.07	2.19±0.43
Plot 2	膜荚黄芪A. membranaceus	55.6^*±6.23	20.2±2.94	6.56^*±0.94	10.9±1.41	6.15±1.24	2.65^*±0.62
Plot 3	蒙古黄芪A. membranaceus var. mongolicus	54.4±7.62	25.0^*±2.78	2.91±0.48	5.7±0.80	4.13±0.62	2.23±0.6
Plot 3	膜荚黄芪A. membranaceus	64.2^*±5.36	22.1±2.79	4.25^*±1.47	7.0±0.77	4.7±0.75	4.02^*±0.54

[1]	Zhaoyi LI, Longfei HAO, Tingyan LIU, Yanhong HE, You ZHANG, Shulan BAI, Xinyu YANG. AM Fungi Inoculation on Root Morphology and Nutrient Loading of Clematis fruticosa Seedlings under Simulated Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(5): 886-895.
[2]	Xu-Fu WANG, Long-Fei HAO, Jia-Xin HAO, Wen-Ying HAO, Hui-Ga BAO, Shu-Lan BAI. Growth Responses of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seedlings under Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Different Inoculation of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Treatments [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(1): 138-144.
[3]	Ting-Yan LIU, Long-Fei HAO, Xu-Fu WANG, Hai-Xia YAN, Shu-Lan BAI. Effects of Nitrogen Deposition and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on Root Architecture and Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activities of Larix olgensis Seedlings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(1): 145-151.
[4]	MA Yue-Hua, GUO Xiao-Rui, YANG Nan, ZHANG Ye, TANG Zhong-Hua, WANG Hong-Zheng. Physiological Mechanisms in Astragalus membranaceus Seedlings Responding to Cadmium Stress [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(4): 497-504.