Photosynthetic and Stomatal Characteristics of Pinus koraiensis and P.sibirica under Low Temperature Stress

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.02.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Both Pinus koraiensis and P.sibirica with strong cold resistance are famous forest species in the cold temperate zone. Compared with P.koraiensis， P.sibirica has stronger cold resistance. In order to explore the physiological response and cold resistance mechanism of the two species under low temperature stress，5-year-old P.koraiensis and P.sibirica seedlings were used to be conducted by low temperature treatment. By setting three stress temperatures（0℃， -20℃ and -40℃） and three stress times（6， 24 and 48 h）， taking 20℃ as control， which were used to study the photosynthetic characteristics and stomatal characteristics of P.koraiensis and P. sibirica under low temperature stress. By t test and variance analysis， there were significant differences （P<0.05） between P.koraiensis and P.sibirica for each photosynthetic index and stomatal density， both low temperature and low temperature stress time had an extremely significant effect on each photosynthetic index of P.koraiensis and P.sibirica（P<0.01）， and low temperature also had an extremely significant effect on stomatal opening size and stomatal area of P.koraiensis and P.sibirica（P<0.01）. The net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in P.koraiensis were significantly higher than those in P.sibirica at 20℃（without stress） and 0℃（low temperature stress）. However， under -20℃ for 6 h， each photosynthetic index in P.sibirica was higher than that in P.koraiensis. With the decrease of temperature and the extension of stress time， each photosynthetic index of the two species showed a decreasing trend. The stomatal density in P.koraiensis was significantly higher than that in P.sibirica. Before stress（20℃）， the stomas of P.koraiensis and P.sibirica were all oval. The stomatal opening size and stomatal area of the two species decreased significantly with the decrease of temperature.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis, Pinus sibirica, photosynthesis, stoma, cold resistance

CLC Number:

S791.247

Fang WANG, Zhi-Min LU, Jun WANG, Shi-Kai ZHANG, Yu-Xi LI, Shao-Chen LI, Jian-Qiu ZHANG, Yu-Chun YANG. Photosynthetic and Stomatal Characteristics of Pinus koraiensis and P.sibirica under Low Temperature Stress[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 205-212.

Figures/Tables 9

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性状 Traits	处理 Treatments	t	df	Sig.
净光合速率(P_n) Net photosynthetic rate	20℃	-9.827	46	0.000
	0℃ 6 h	-62.980	46	0.000
	0℃ 24 h	-24.495	46	0.000
	0℃ 48 h	-7.215	46	0.000
	-20℃ 6 h	20.020	46	0.000
	-20℃ 24 h	15.012	46	0.000
	-20℃ 48 h	5.761	46	0.000
气孔导度(G_s) Stomatal conductance	20℃	-2.063	46	0.045
	0℃ 6 h	-3.689	46	0.001
	0℃ 24 h	-5.593	46	0.000
	0℃ 48 h	-6.438	46	0.000
	-20℃ 6 h	8.996	46	0.000
	-20℃ 24 h	-2.066	46	0.044
	-20℃ 48 h	-2.286	46	0.027
蒸腾速率(T_r) Transpiration rate	20℃	-2.592	46	0.013
	0℃ 6 h	-3.973	46	0.000
	0℃ 24 h	-6.807	46	0.000
	0℃ 48 h	-6.972	46	0.000
	-20℃ 6 h	7.662	46	0.000
	-20℃ 24 h	-2.100	46	0.041
	-20℃ 48 h	-2.414	46	0.020

树种 Species	性状 Traits	变异来源 Source of variation	SS	df	MS	F	Sig.
红松 P.koraiensis	净光合速率（P_n） Net photosynthetic rate	处理间Treatments	3 252.50	6	542.08	1 493.03	0.000
		误差Error	58.46	161	0.36
		总计Total	3 310.96	167
	气孔导度（G_s） Stomatal conductance	处理间Treatments	6.18	6	1.03	166.83	0.000
		误差Error	0.99	161	0.01
		总计Total	7.18	167
	蒸腾速率(T_r) Transpiration rate	处理间Treatments	77.97	6	13.00	180.03	0.000
		误差Error	11.62	161	0.07
		总计Total	89.60	167
西伯利亚红松 P.sibirica	净光合速率（P_n） Net photosynthetic rate	处理间Treatments	6 713.15	6	1 118.86	4 654.92	0.000
		误差Error	38.70	161	0.24
		总计Total	6751.84	167
	气孔导度（G_s） Stomatal conductance	处理间Treatments	10.15	6	1.69	237.32	0.000
		误差Error	1.15	161	0.01
		总计Total	11.30	167
	蒸腾速率(T_r) Transpiration rate	处理间Treatments	134.97	6	22.50	275.73	0.000
		误差Error	13.14	161	0.08
		总计Total	148.10	167

性状Traits	t	df	Sig.
气孔密度 Stomatal density	2.338	58	0.023
保卫细胞长 Guard cell length	0.675	58	0.502
保卫细胞宽 Guard cell width	6.070	58	0.214
气孔开度 Stomatal opening size	-0.206	58	0.837
气孔面积 Stomatal area	-0.058	58	0.954

树种 Species	性状 Traits	变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	F	显著性 Sig.
红松 P.koraiensis	气孔密度 Stomatal density	温度Temperature	1.080E-8	3	3.601E-9	3.861	0.058
		时间Time	3.573E-10	2	1.787E-10	0.192	0.827
		温度×时间Tem.×time	4.492E-9	5	8.985E-10	0.963	0.457
	保卫细胞长度 Guard cell length	温度Temperature	54.692	3	18.231	1.763	0.177
		时间Time	114.109	2	57.054	5.517	0.056
		温度×时间Tem.×time	10.019	5	2.004	0.194	0.962
	保卫细胞宽度 Guard cell width	温度Temperature	36.257	3	12.086	2.005	0.136
		时间Time	55.333	2	27.666	4.589	0.059
		温度×时间Tem.×time	33.726	5	6.745	1.119	0.373
	气孔开度 Stomatal opening size	温度Temperature	275.223	3	91.741	173.274	0.000
		时间Time	0.833	2	0.417	0.787	0.465
		温度×时间Tem.×time	1.796	5	0.359	0.678	0.643
	气孔面积 Stomatal area	温度Temperature	4 904 395.441	3	1 634 798.480	67.256	0.000
		时间Time	108 977.394	2	54 488.697	2.242	0.125
		温度×时间Tem.×time	79 716.985	5	15 943.397	0.656	0.660
西伯利亚红松 P.sibirica	气孔密度 Stomatal density	温度Temperature	6.262E-10	3	2.087E-10	0.346	0.792
		时间Time	2.914E-10	2	1.457E-10	0.241	0.787
		温度×时间Tem.×time	4.986E-9	5	9.972E-10	1.652	0.179
	保卫细胞长度 Guard cell length	温度Temperature	24.395	3	8.132	0.621	0.607
		时间Time	6.896	2	3.448	0.263	0.770
		温度×时间Tem.×time	47.471	5	9.494	0.725	0.610
	保卫细胞宽度 Guard cell width	温度Temperature	60.892	3	20.297	3.038	0.066
		时间Time	29.982	2	14.991	2.244	0.125
		温度×时间Tem.×time	72.054	5	14.411	2.157	0.088
	气孔开度 Stomatal opening size	温度Temperature	421.319	3	140.440	354.667	0.000
		时间Time	0.902	2	0.451	1.139	0.334
		温度×时间Tem.×time	2.032	5	0.406	1.026	0.421
	气孔面积 Stomatal area	温度Temperature	7 663 818.666	3	2 554 606.222	165.668	0.000
		时间Time	57 694.790	2	28 847.395	1.871	0.173
		温度×时间Tem.×time	111 596.558	5	22 319.312	1.447	0.238

树种 Species	处理 Treatments	气孔密度 Stomatal density (μm²)	保卫细胞Guard cell		气孔开度 Stomatal opening size (μm)	气孔面积 Stomatal area (μm²)
树种 Species	处理 Treatments	气孔密度 Stomatal density (μm²)	长Length(μm)	宽Width(μm)	气孔开度 Stomatal opening size (μm)	气孔面积 Stomatal area (μm²)
红松 P.koraiensis	20℃	2.4×10^-4±0.4×10^-5	42.63±3.48	32.92±2.60	12.54±1.10a	421.38±65.65a
	0℃	2.3×10^-4±0.2×10^-5	45.95±3.92	31.06±1.49	9.06±0.62b	326.95±34.29b
	-20℃	2.0×10^-4±0.2×10^-5	44.49±2.42	30.95±2.01	6.12±0.48c	213.28±15.01c
	-40℃	2.0×10^-4±0.2×10^-5	44.53±2.23	30.58±3.55	6.07±0.43c	212.15±17.83c
西伯利亚红松 P.sibirica	20℃	2.1×10^-4±0.3×10^-5	43.06±4.88	28.16±3.20	13.44±1.01a	452.92±53.99a
	0℃	2.1×10^-4±0.2×10^-5	43.09±2.95	27.61±2.16	8.88±0.49b	314.88±32.24b
	-20℃	2.0×10^-4±0.3×10^-5	45.10±2.73	27.32±3.02	5.84±0.38c	197.38±13.84c
	-40℃	2.0×10^-4±0.2×10^-5	45.07±3.65	25.12±2.95	5.83±0.32c	196.56±12.85c