Characteristics of Fine Root Morphology and Biomass Vertical Distribution from Different Provenances and Families of Picea koraiensis

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to reveal the characteristics of fine root（diameter ≤2 mm） morphology and vertical distribution of biomass from different provenances and families of 24-year-old Picea koraiensis， the soil core method was used to determine fine root morphology and biomass at different soil layers（surface layer： 0<h≤ 10 cm， subsurface layer： 10 cm<h≤20 cm， bottom layer： 20 cm<h≤30 cm） in 30 families from four provenances（Muling， Linkou， Jinshantun， and Wuyiling from low to high latitude） in Qingshan Forest Farm， Linkou County， Heilongjiang Province， China. The results showed that there were significant differences in all fine root morphological traits among different provenances， and specific root length and root tissue density exhibited significant differences among families within provenance. At the provenance level， the average root diameter of Wuyiling provenance was the thickest at all soil layers， whereas specific root length and root tissue density of Linkou provenance were the largest. At the family level， in 0<h≤10 cm soil layer， root diameter of W035 was the thickest， that of CK-2 was the thinnest， specific root length of CK-2 was the longest， that of W043 was the shortest， root tissue density of J082 was the highest， that of M515 was the lowest. Root tissue density and specific root length of different provenances and families of P. koraiensis decreased with the increase of soil layer， while root diameter increased. The total fine root biomass（all three soil layers） across the four provenances was 33.56 g·m^-2 on average， with the maximum occurring in Linkou provenance （39.04 g·m^-2） and the minimum in Jinshantun provenance（32.52 g·m^-2）， showing inconsecutive geographical distribution. Fine root biomass decreased with soil layer increasing， and root biomass at the surface soil layer accounted for 77% of the total biomass on average. In comparison， the low-latitude provenance of Muling tended to distribute greater fine root biomass at the subsurface and bottom soil layers， while the high-latitude provenances of Wuyiling and Jinshantun had higher fine root biomass at the surface soil layer， indicating that P. koraiensis originated from cold site tended to allocate more fine roots at the fertile surface soil.

Key words: Picea koraiensis, provenance, family, fine root morphology, fine root biomass

CLC Number:

S792.41

Yanru GAO, Junhui WANG, Wenjun MA, Fude WANG, Sanping AN, Jiacun GU. Characteristics of Fine Root Morphology and Biomass Vertical Distribution from Different Provenances and Families of Picea koraiensis[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(3): 380-388.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Table 3

Fig.2

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种源 Provenance	北纬度 Latitude/ （°）	东经度 Longitude/ （°）	年均温 Mean annual temperature/ ℃	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation/ mm	树高 Height/m	胸径 Diameter at the breast height/ cm	土壤pH Soil pH	土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen/ （g·kg^-1）	土壤全磷 Soil total phosphorus/ （g·kg^-1）	家系号 Family number
穆棱 Muling（M）	44.83	130.53	3.6	557	6.7±0.1	9.3±1.3	5.5±0.3	8.5±0.2	0.9±0.1	M516、M543、M028、M95002、M523、M505、M515、M030、M530
林口 Linkou（CK）	45.46	130.56	3.2	650	6.2±0.1	7.6±0.1	5.7±0.3	8.4±0.2	0.8±0.2	CK-1、CK-2、CK-3
金山屯 Jingshantun（J）	47.60	129.82	0.4	630	6.7±0.4	9.5±0.2	5.5±0.2	8.7±0.3	0.9±0.2	J082、J076、J079、J059、J066、J075、J080、J083、J074
乌伊岭 Wuyiling（W）	48.59	129.44	-1.1	586	6.7±0.1	9.8±0.2	5.6±0.2	8.4±0.2	0.9±0.3	W043、W010、W030、W029、W039、W045、W005、W015、W035

项目 Item	穆棱（M） Muling			林口（CK） Linkou			金山屯（J） Jinshantun			乌伊岭（W） Wuyiling
项目 Item	直径 D_R/mm	比根长 S_RL/（m·g^-1）	根组织密度 R_TD/（g·cm^-3）	直径 D_R/mm	比根长 S_RL/（m·g^-1）	根组织密度 R_TD/（g·cm^-3）	直径 D_R/mm	比根长 S_RL/（m·g^-1）	根组织密度 R_TD/（g·cm^-3）	直径 D_R/mm	比根长 S_RL/（m·g^-1）	根组织密度 R_TD/（g·cm^-3）
平均值Mean	0.35a	22.67c	0.33b	0.31b	25.57a	0.31c	0.34a	22.14c	0.35a	0.34a	23.22b	0.36a
标准误Standard error	0.00	4.36	0.02	0.11	1.69	0.02	0.01	0.75	0.01	0.01	2.42	0.02
最大值Maximum	0.37	28.46	0.35	0.32	29.35	0.38	0.37	25.18	0.44	0.38	28.87	0.39
最大值对应家系 The family of the maximum	M543	M543	M543	CK-2	CK-2	CK-3	J082	J083	J082	W035	W039	W045
最小值Minimum	0.33	18.37	0.30	0.29	25.43	0.33	0.32	20.28	0.34	0.31	17.20	0.31
最小值对应家系 The family of the minimum	M515	M030	M515	CK-3	CK-3	CK-2	J066	J082	J080	W030	W043	W005
同一种源不同家系间的差异显著性 P values of ANOVA for the effect of family within provenance	0.159	0.036	0.042	0.162	0.025	0.019	0.187	0.037	0.021	0.179	0.029	0.041
变异系数C_V/%	10.0	19.0	6.0	4.0	6.0	6.0	5.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	10.0	7.0

种源 Provenance	平均值 Mean	标准误 Standard error	最大值 Maximum	最大值对应家系 The family of the maximum	最小值 Minimum	最小值对应家系 The family of the minimum	同一种源不同家系间的差异显著性 P values of ANOVA for the effect of family within provenance	变异系数 C_V/%
穆棱 Muling（M）	34.63b	8.32	48.46	M515	28.48	M530	0.026	24.0
林口 Linkou（CK）	39.04a	3.95	41.47	CK-2	27.45	CK-3	0.044	10.0
金山屯 Jingshantun（J）	32.52b	6.26	46.65	J079	22.67	J080	0.030	19.0
乌伊岭 Wuyiling（W）	38.64a	9.17	52.22	W035	23.03	W039	0.035	30.0

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