The Seed Rain of Critically Endangered Plant Abies beshanzuensis

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Abies beshanzuensis is a critically endangered plant endemic species in Baishanzu Mountain， Zhejiang Province， and only three mother trees are remained， one is scattered， and the other two grow adjacent to the north and south. In order to understand the spatial-temporal pattern of the seed rain of A. beshanzuensis， 33 seed collection frames were set up to collect the seeds produced in 2017 and 2019 once every half month. The results showed that：（1）From December 16th， 2017 to February 28th， 2018， 1 093 seeds from the scattered tree and 1 020 seeds from two adjacent trees were collected using six times， while from November 31th， 2019 to January 16th， 2020， 341 seeds from scattered tree and 165 seeds from the adjacent north tree were collected using four times. （2）The fresh weight of 1 000 seeds of A. beshanzuensis varied greatly， with the minimum of two adjacent trees seeds in 2017（25.87 g） and the maximum of the adjacent north tree seeds in 2019（39.21 g）. The maximum length， width and thickness of the seeds were 14.5， 6.8 and 4.1 mm respectively， and the maximum length and width of the seed wings were 16.4 and 13.7 mm respectively. Both seed plumpness rate and 1 000-seed mass showed a trend of “decreasing first and then increasing”. The seed wing， seed plumpness， and seed fresh weight were larger in the north direction， whereas those in the south direction were smaller. There was no obvious pattern between seed characters and the distance from the collection frames. （3）In 2017， there were two peaks of seed rain， and the seeds collected in the first two times were about 80% of the total. However， in 2019， there was only one peak of seed rain， and the seeds collected for the first time were about 80% of the total. After the peak， the number of seeds collected decreased significantly. There was a phenomenon of “secondary seed drop”， which prolonged the drop time of seeds. （4） The number of seeds collected decreased with the increases of the distance from the collection frame to the mother tree， 98% of seeds fell within 10 m from the mother tree. Only four seeds were collected in the 30 m frames. （5） The number of seeds collected from the west was the largest， which might be related to the lower terrain in the west direction.

Key words: Abies baishanzuensis, seed rain, seed characters, critically endangered

CLC Number:

Q948.1

Yougui WU, Zhicheng ZHU, Qianqian WU, Huanman CAI, Dingyun CHEN. The Seed Rain of Critically Endangered Plant Abies beshanzuensis[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(5): 711-719.

Figures/Tables 8

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Table 1

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收集区域 Collection area	收集时间 Collection time	树下 Under trees	东East				南South				西West				北North
收集区域 Collection area	收集时间 Collection time	树下 Under trees	5m	10m	20m	30m	5m	10m	20m	30m	5m	10m	20m	30m	5m	10m	20m	30m
散生株 Scattered tree	2017-12-16	92	53	10	0	0	37	11	0	0	61	28	3	0	40	12	1	0
	2017-12-31	171	27	9	0	0	23	0	0	0	103	81	17	2	51	9	2	0
	2018-01-16	40	20	9	0	0	14	2	0	0	16	12	2	0	21	3	1	0
	2018-01-31	16	3	1	0	0	3	0	0	0	4	4	0	0	7	0	0	0
	2018-02-15	7	8	6	0	0	1	1	0	0	6	5	0	0	16	2	0	0
	2018-02-28	3	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	0	0	5	2	0	0
相邻两株 Two adjacent trees	2017-12-16	179	85	10	0	0	73	4	0	0	178	37	1	0	—	38	2	0
	2017-12-31	60	20	7	0	1	14	1	3	0	66	32	6	1	—	34	0	0
	2018-01-16	30	15	5	0	0	15	0	0	0	11	2	0	0	—	3	0	0
	2018-01-31	7	8	1	0	0	6	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	—	0	0	0
	2018-02-15	12	15	6	1	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	—	2	0	0
	2018-02-28	5	10	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	—	1	0	0
散生株 Scattered tree	2019-11-31	90	74	13	0	0	35	10	0	0	54	5	0	0	7	0	0	0
	2019-12-15	6	2	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	5	3	0	0	4	0	0	0
	2019-12-31	7	4	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	2	0	0
	2020-01-16	1	4	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
相邻北株 Adjacent north tree	2019-11-31	20	12	7	0	0	21	1	0	0	31	20	0	0	—	12	2	0
	2019-12-15	9	1	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	—	0	0	0
	2019-12-31	1	4	4	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	—	0	0	0
	2020-01-16	2	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	—	0	0	0

收集维度 Dimension of seeds collected		种翅长度 Length of seeds swing /mm	种翅宽度 Width of seeds swing /mm	千粒质量 Mass of 1 000 seeds /g	外形饱满率 Appearance plumpness /%
时间 Time	2017-12-16	13.3±0.9	10.7±1.3^a	31.00±7.44^ac	82.27^Aa
	2017-12-31	13.4±1.7	11.7±1.2^b	29.31±10.60^abc	74.59^ab
	2018-01-16	13.3±1.3	11.7±0.6^b	25.23±4.81^Ab	74.76^Bb
	2018-01-31	12.5±0.9	11.4±1.4^ab	24.78±7.80^Ba	77.59^ab
	2018-02-15	—	—	31.05±4.25^c	84.21^ab
	2018-02-28	—	—	33.33±2.88^abc	88.10^ab
方向 Direction	东East	13.2±1.5	10.9±1.0	29.14±4.10	82.41
	南South	12.7±1.3	11.7±0.9	24.39±8.70	69.50
	西West	13.1±1.3	11.1±1.3	27.70±7.73	77.13
	北North	13.6±1.4	11.7±1.5	31.86±6.90	87.45
距离 Distance	1 m	13.5±1.4	11.7±0.7	28.61±5.29	78.14
	5 m	13.1±1.6	11.4±1.4	28.45±7.33	78.84
	10 m	13.4±1.1	11.1±1.0	28.75±7.42	79.93
	20 m	13.1±0.3	12.1±0.4	27.76±9.94	86.67
	30 m	—	—	—	50.00

维度 Dimension	2017		2019
维度 Dimension	散生株 Scattered tree	相邻两株 Two adjacent Trees	散生株 Scattered tree	相邻北株 Adjacent north tree
收集时间 Collection time	1.073	1.353	1.586	1.370
方向 Direction	0.573	0.641	0.646	0.525
距离 Distance	0.997	1.064	1.192	1.014

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