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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 641-659.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.001

• 植物新类群 •    下一篇

中国植被分类系统改进及命名探讨

郎学东1,2, 刘万德1,2, 刘娇1, 苏建荣1,2()   

  1. 1.中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明 650224
    2.国家林业和草原局云南普洱森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-29 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 苏建荣 E-mail:jianrongsu@vip.sina.com
  • 作者简介:郎学东(1969—),博士,副研究员,主要从事植物分类学和植被生态学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2019ZD001);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK050202);国家林业和草原局野生植物保护项目(2020070309)

A discussion on the Improvement of Chinese Vegetation Classification System and Nomenclature

Xue-Dong LANG1,2, Wan-De LIU1,2, Jiao LIU1, Jian-Rong SU1,2()   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Resources Insect,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Kunming 650224
    2.Observation and Research Station of Pu’er Forest Ecosystem,National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China,Kunming 650224
  • Received:2021-03-29 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-07-05
  • Contact: Jian-Rong SU E-mail:jianrongsu@vip.sina.com
  • About author:LANG Xue-Dong(1969—),doctor of science,associate researcher,majoring in plant taxonomy and vegetation ecology.
  • Supported by:
    the fundamental research funds of CAF(CAFYBB2019ZD001);Second Tibetan Plateau scientific expedition and research program(2019QZKK050202);Wild plant protection program of National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China(2020070309)

摘要:

综合世界植被和中国植被的分类进展,以群落外貌、结构、动态、种类组成、成因和生境相结合为依据,提出一个新改进的中国植被分类系统。该分类系统仍坚持将植被型(Vegetation type)、群系(Alliance)和群丛(Associaton)作为植被分类的基本等级,但群系的英文建议用“Alliance”,而不用“Formation”。植被型以上设置植被纲(Class of vegetation types)、植被亚纲(Subclass of vegetation types)和植被型组(Group of vegetation types)作为辅助分类单位,植被型以下建议不设过多的分类辅助等级。我们将自然植被分类系统的高级分类单位分为3个植被纲,7个植被亚纲,12个植被型组,76个植被型。植被型等级编排了分类代码。新改进的分类系统与中国植被1980分类系统的主要区别是:将冻原、荒漠、沼泽分别作为一种植被类型的生长环境,而非作为一种植被类型来看待,以示与地貌学和自然地理学相关概念区分;新增簇生叶类植被亚纲和相关植被型,将竹类分别归并到森林植被和灌丛植被相关等级;依据草本植物的生态类型、植被成因及其动态,将草本植被分成草原、草甸和草丛3个植被型组。植被命名的方法作为植被分类的重要内容之一,也在文中进行了重点探讨。

关键词: 中国, 植被, 分类, 命名

Abstract:

Reviewed the classification progress of vegetation in the world and in China, a new classification system and nomenclature of Chinese vegetation was presented based on appearance, structure, dynamics, species composition, formation causes and habitat of the community. The principal hierarchy of classification ranks including Vegetation type, Alliance and Associaton were steady, but the word “Alliance” was suggested to replace the word "Formation". Classes of vegetation types, Subclasses of vegetation types, and Group of vegetation types were introduced as supplementary ranks above the vegetation type. It was not recommended to set too many auxiliary ranks below the vegetation type. The high classification units of the natural vegetation classification system were concluded into 3 vegetation classes, 7 vegetation subclasses, 12 vegetation type groups, and 76 vegetation types respectively. The vegetation types were assigned classification codes. The main differences between the new classification system and the Chinese vegetation classification system in 1980 was that the tundra, desert, and swamp were considered as a vegetation habitat instead of being described as a type of vegetation respectively. In order to distinguish between the same concepts in Geomorphology and Physical geography, vegetation subclasses and vegetation types of Fasciculate-leaved forest were added to the new system, and bamboos were individually classified into forest vegetation and shrub vegetation. The herbaceous vegetation was divided into steppe, meadow and grassland respectively, according to the ecological type of the herbs, formation causes of vegetation and community dynamics. As one of the important works of vegetation classification, the methods of vegetation nomenclature were also provided.

Key words: China, vegetation, classification, nomenclature

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