植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 975-983.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.06.014
白宏超1, 赵熙明1, 邓睿2, 刘宇宁1, 杜玉啸1, 郑宝江1,3(
)
收稿日期:2024-12-25
出版日期:2025-11-20
发布日期:2025-11-27
通讯作者:
郑宝江
E-mail:zbjnefu@126.com
作者简介:白宏超(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事种子植物分类学研究。
基金资助:
Hongchao BAI1, Ximing ZHAO1, Rui DENG2, Yuning LIU1, Yuxiao DU1, Baojiang ZHENG1,3(
)
Received:2024-12-25
Online:2025-11-20
Published:2025-11-27
Contact:
Baojiang ZHENG
E-mail:zbjnefu@126.com
摘要:
中国是世界茶藨子属(Ribes L.)植物分布中心之一,为了揭示中国茶藨子属的物种多样性特征和分布规律,探讨其与环境因素的关系,该研究通过野外植物调查、标本鉴定及资料分析等方法对中国茶藨子属植物进行系统研究。结果表明:(1)中国共有野生茶藨子属植物56种,分属6个亚属,即醋栗亚属(subg. Grossularia)、茶藨子亚属(subg. Ribes)、单性花亚属(subg. Berisia)、臭茶藨子亚属(subg. Coreosma)、簇花亚属(subg. Hemibotrya)和密刺亚属(subg. Grossularioides)。(2)中国野生茶藨子植物主要分布于西南、西北和东北3个地区,物种丰富度最高的是西北地区,分属5个亚属34种,其次是西南地区有4个亚属30种,而东北地区共有6个亚属16种。(3)中国野生茶藨子属植物垂直分布格局明显,随着纬度降低,茶藨子属植物集中分布的海拔逐渐升高;纬度较高的东北地区,茶藨子属植物分布在海拔700~2 100 m,集中分布在海拔700~1 500 m;中纬度的西北地区,分布于海拔1 000~3 000 m,集中分布在海拔1 000~2 000 m;低纬度的西南地区,茶藨子属分布于海拔2 500~5 000 m,集中分布在海拔2 500~4 000 m。(4)中国茶藨子属特有种共有25种,其中,西南地区分布有19种、西北地区有15种、东北地区无中国特有种,中国其他地区另有3种特有种分布。茶藨子属植物区域特有种分布明显,分别为西南12种、西北9种和东北8种,西南、西北和东北3区无共有种分布。综上,中国茶藨子属物种组成呈现出明显的地理分布格局,不同地区的物种组成存在差异,该研究揭示了中国茶藨子属的物种多样性特征和分布规律。
中图分类号:
白宏超, 赵熙明, 邓睿, 刘宇宁, 杜玉啸, 郑宝江. 中国野生茶藨子属物种多样性与分布格局[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(6): 975-983.
Hongchao BAI, Ximing ZHAO, Rui DENG, Yuning LIU, Yuxiao DU, Baojiang ZHENG. Species Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Wild Ribes in China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(6): 975-983.
表1
中国野生茶藨子属亚属及种类
亚属名 Subgenus name | 种名 Species name | 亚属名 Subgenus name | 种名 Species name |
|---|---|---|---|
醋栗亚属 subg. Grossularia | 阿尔泰醋栗Ribes aciculare Sm. | 单性花亚属 subg. Berisia | 革叶茶藨子Ribes davidii Franch. |
| 长刺茶藨子Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne. | 双刺茶藨子Ribes diacanthum Pall. | ||
| 刺果茶藨子Ribes burejense F. Schmidt | 鄂西茶藨子Ribes franchetii Jancz. | ||
| 台湾茶藨子Ribes formosanum Hayata | 陕西茶藨子Ribes giraldii Jancz. | ||
| 富蕴茶藨子Ribes fuyunense T.C.Ku & F. Konta | 冰川茶藨子Ribes glaciale Wall. | ||
| 长果茶藨子Ribes stenocarpum Maxim. | 光萼茶藨子Ribes glabricalycinum L.T.Lu | ||
密刺亚属 subg. Grossularioides | 密刺茶藨子Ribes horridum Rupr. ex Maxim. | 光叶茶藨子Ribes glabrifolium L.T.Lu | |
| 华中茶藨子Ribes henryi Franch. | |||
茶藨子亚属 subg. Ribes | 四川蔓茶藨子Ribes ambiguum Maxim. | 圆叶茶藨子Ribes heterotrichum C.A.Mey. | |
| 高茶藨子Ribes altissimum Turcz. ex Pojark. | 湖南茶藨子Ribes hunanense C.Y.Yang & C.J.Qi | ||
| 暗紫色茶藨子Ribes petraeum Wulfen | 矮醋栗Ribes humile Jancz. | ||
| 花茶藨子Ribes fargesii Franch. | 康边茶藨子Ribes kialanum Jancz. | ||
| 曲萼茶藨子Ribes griffithii Hook. f. & Thomson | 长白茶藨子Ribes komarovii Pojark. | ||
| 糖茶藨子Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne. | 桂叶茶藨子Ribes laurifolium Jancz. | ||
| 阔叶茶藨子Ribes latifolium Jancz. | 裂叶茶藨子Ribes laciniatum Hook. f. & Thomson | ||
| 长序茶藨子Ribes longiracemosum Franch. | 紫花茶藨子Ribes luridum Hook. f. & Thomson | ||
| 东北茶藨子Ribes mandshuricum(Maxim.) Kom. | 尖叶茶藨子Ribes maximowiczianum Kom. | ||
| 天山茶藨子Ribes meyeri Maxim. | 华西茶藨子Ribes maximowiczii Batalin | ||
| 宝兴茶藨子Ribes moupinense Franch. | 东方茶藨子Ribes orientale Desf. | ||
| 英吉里茶藨子Ribes palczewskii(Jancz.) Pojark. | 青海茶藨子Ribes pseudofasciculatum K.S.Hao | ||
| 四川茶藨子Ribes setchuense Jancz. | 美丽茶藨子Ribes pulchellum Turcz. | ||
| 滇中茶藨子Ribes soulieanum Jancz. | 红萼茶藨子Ribes rubrisepalum L.T.Lu | ||
| 矮茶藨子Ribes triste Pall. | 石生茶藨子Ribes saxatile Pall. | ||
臭茶藨子亚属 subg. Coreosma | 白花茶藨子Ribes frangrans Pallas | 渐尖茶藨子Ribes takare D.Don | |
| 臭茶藨子Ribes graveolens Bunge | 细枝茶藨子Ribes tenue Jancz. | ||
| 黑茶藨子Ribes nigrum L. | 天全茶藨子Ribes tianquanense S.H.Yu & J.M.Xu | ||
| 水葡萄茶藨子Ribes procumbens Pall. | 绿花茶藨子Ribes viridiflorum(Cheng) L.T.Lu & G.Yao | ||
簇花亚属 subg. Hemibotrya | 簇花茶藨子Ribes fasciculatum Siebold & Zucc. | 小果茶藨子Ribes vilmorinii Jancz. | |
| 西藏茶藨子Ribes xizangense L.T.Lu |
表2
中国各主要分布区野生茶藨子属的种类
分布区 Region | 种 Species |
|---|---|
西北地区 Northwest | 阿尔泰醋栗(Ribes aciculare Sm.)、长刺茶藨子(Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne.)、暗紫色茶藨子(Ribes petraeum Wulfen)、高茶藨子(Ribes altissimum Turcz. ex Pojark.)、刺果茶藨子(Ribes burejense F. Schmidt)、双刺茶藨子(Ribes diacanthum Pall.)、鄂西茶藨子(Ribes franchetii Jancz.)、富蕴茶藨子(Ribes fuyunense T.C.Ku & F.Konta)、簇花茶藨子(Ribes fasciculatum Siebold & Zucc.)、光叶茶藨子(Ribes glabrifolium L. T. Lu)、冰川茶藨子(Ribes glaciale Wall.)、陕西茶藨子(Ribes giraldii Jancz.)、臭茶藨子(Ribes graveolens Bunge)、糖茶藨子(Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne.)、矮醋栗(Ribes humile Jancz.)、圆叶茶藨子(Ribes heterotrichum C.A.Mey.)、长白茶藨子(Ribes komarovii Pojark.)、长序茶藨子(Ribes longiracemosum Franch.)、天山茶藨子(Ribes meyeri Maxim.)、东北茶藨子(Ribes mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kom.)、宝兴茶藨子(Ribes moupinense Franch.)、华西茶藨子(Ribes maximowiczii Batalin)、黑茶藨子(Ribes nigrum L.)、东方茶藨子(Ribes orientale Desf.)、青海茶藨子(Ribes pseudofasciculatum K.S.Hao)、美丽茶藨子(Ribes pulchellum Turcz.)、红萼茶藨子(Ribes rubrisepalum L.T.Lu)、长果茶藨子(Ribes stenocarpum Maxim.)、四川茶藨子(Ribes setchuense Jancz.)、石生茶藨子(Ribes saxatile Pall.)、细枝茶藨子(Ribes tenue Jancz.)、渐尖茶藨子(Ribes takare D. Don)、小果茶藨子(Ribes vilmorinii Jancz.)、西藏茶藨子(Ribes xizangense L.T.Lu) |
西南地区 Southwest | 长刺茶藨子(Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne.)、四川蔓茶藨子(Ribes ambiguum Maxim.)、革叶茶藨子(Ribes davidii Franch.)、花茶藨子(Ribes fargesii Franch.)、鄂西茶藨子(Ribes franchetii Jancz.)、簇花茶藨子(Ribes fasciculatum Siebold & Zucc.)、光萼茶藨子(Ribes glabricalycinum L.T.Lu)、曲萼茶藨子(Ribes griffithii Hook. f. & Thomson)、冰川茶藨子(Ribes glaciale Wall.)、糖茶藨子(Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne.)、华中茶藨子(Ribes henryi Franch.)、矮醋栗(Ribes humile Jancz.)、康边茶藨子(Ribes kialanum Jancz.)、长序茶藨子(Ribes longiracemosum Franch.)、桂叶茶藨子(Ribes laurifolium Jancz.)、裂叶茶藨子(Ribes laciniatum Hook. f. & Thomson)、紫花茶藨子(Ribes luridum Hook. f. & Thomson)、华西茶藨子(Ribes maximowiczii Batalin)、宝兴茶藨子(Ribes moupinense Franch.)、东方茶藨子(Ribes orientale Desf.)、青海茶藨子(Ribes pseudofasciculatum K.S.Hao)、红萼茶藨子(Ribes rubrisepalum L.T.Lu)、四川茶藨子(Ribes setchuense Jancz.)、长果茶藨子(Ribes stenocarpum Maxim.)、滇中茶藨子(Ribes soulieanum Jancz.)、细枝茶藨子(Ribes tenue Jancz.)、渐尖茶藨子(Ribes takare D. Don)、天全茶藨子(Ribes tianquanense S.H.Yu & J.M.Xu)、小果茶藨子(Ribes vilmorinii Jancz.)、西藏茶藨子(Ribes xizangense L.T.Lu) |
东北地区 Northeast | 高茶藨子(Ribes altissimum Turcz. ex Pojark.)、刺果茶藨子(Ribes burejense F. Schmidt)、双刺茶藨子(Ribes diacanthum Pall.)、华蔓茶藨子(Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense Maxim.)、白花茶藨子(Ribes fragrans Pall.)、旅顺茶藨子(Ribes giraldii var. polyanthum Kitag.)、滨海茶藨子(Ribes giraldii var. cuneatum F.T.Wang & Y.Li, Liou)、密刺茶藨子(Ribes horridum Rupr. ex Maxim.)、长白茶藨子(Ribes komarovii Pojark)、阔叶茶藨子(Ribes latifolium Jancz.)、东北茶藨子(Ribes mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kom.)、尖叶茶藨子(Ribes maximowiczianum Kom.)、黑茶藨子(Ribes nigrum L.)、英吉里茶藨子(Ribes palczewskii(Jancz.) Pojark.)、水葡萄茶藨子(Ribes procumbens Pall.)、美丽茶藨子(Ribes pulchellum Turcz.)、矮茶藨子(Ribes triste Pall.) |
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