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植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 51-58.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.01.006

• 遗传与育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

珍稀濒危植物阜康阿魏的遗传多样性及遗传结构

杨磊1,2,3, 曹秋梅1,2,3, 冯缨1,2,3, 李文军1,2,3()   

  1. 1.荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国 -塔吉克斯坦生物资源保育与利用联合实验室,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011
    3.资源与环境学院,中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-23 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2022-12-23
  • 通讯作者: 李文军 E-mail:liwenjunao@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:杨磊(1997—),男,博士研究生,主要从事植物分类与多样性保护研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2019Q036);新疆第三次综合科学考察典型区域预调查项目(2019FY100204);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2019429)

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of the Rare and Endangered Plant Ferula fukanensis

Lei YANG1,2,3, Qiumei CAO1,2,3, Ying FENG1,2,3, Wenjun LI1,2,3()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011
    2.The Herbarium,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011
    3.College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049
  • Received:2022-08-23 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2022-12-23
  • Contact: Wenjun LI E-mail:liwenjunao@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • About author:YANG Lei(1997—),male,doctoral candidate,major in plant taxonomy and diversity conservation.
  • Supported by:
    Tianshan Youth Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2019Q036);National Science and Technology Program of Chian:Preliminary survey of typical regions in Xinjiang(2019FY100204);Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019429)

摘要:

明确珍稀濒危小种群阜康阿魏(Ferula fukanensis)的遗传多样性和遗传结构,是对其制定有效的保护和管理策略的基础和前提。本研究基于10对多态性好且可以稳定扩增的SSR引物对来源于3个居群87个珍稀濒危植物阜康阿魏的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行分析。结果显示:小种群的阜康阿魏具有相对较高的遗传多样性,居群间Nei’s基因多样性指数(hS)为0.514,总的Nei’s基因多样性指数(hT)为0.516,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.881,期望杂合度(He)为0.512,香农信息指数(I)为0.836,多态位点百分率(PPB)为100%,遗传分化程度较低 (Fst=0.007),95.9%的变异发生在居群内,遗传距离与地理距离无显著相关性,66.7%的居群遭遇了遗传瓶颈。结果表明,阜康阿魏遗传变异丰富,有较高的进化潜力。结合该种野外种群现状,建议建立保护区,开展就地保护,并加强引种和人工繁育等迁地保护措施,辅助阜康阿魏保育。本研究可为阜康阿魏植物资源保护提供理论支持,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

关键词: 阜康阿魏, 濒危物种, 小种群, 遗传多样性, 保育

Abstract:

To clarify the genetic diversity and genetic structure of a rare and the endangered small population of Ferula fukanensis, it is the basis and prerequisite to develop effective conservation and management strategies. The genetic diversity and structure of 87 endangered plants F. fukanensis from three populations based on 10 pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism and stable amplification were analyzed respectively. The results showed that small population of F. fukanensis had relatively high genetic diversity, the Nei’s gene diversity index(hS) among the populations was 0.514, the total Nei’s gene diversity index(hT) was 0.516, the observed heterozygosity(Ho) was 0.881, the expected heterozygosity(He) was 0.512, the Shannon information index(I) was 0.836 and the percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB) was 100%, and the genetic differentiation degree of F. fukanensis was very low(Fst=0.007), 95.9 % of the variation of F. fukanensis occurred within populations, and there was no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance, 66.7% of the populations suffered from genetic bottlenecks. The results showed that F. fukanensis had abundant genetic variation and high evolutionary potential. Based on the current situation of this wild population, it is suggested to establish a protected area, and carry out in situ conservation and strengthen ex situ conservation measures such as introduction and artificial breeding to assist the conservation of F. fukanensis. This study can provide theoretical support for the conservation of plant resources of F. fukanensis and has important theoretical and practical significance.

Key words: Ferula fukanensis, endangered species, small population, genetic diversity, conservation

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