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植物研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 574-583.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.04.007

• 系统与进化 • 上一篇    下一篇

药食同源植物薤白的谱系地理学研究

石甜, 莫忠妹, 吴敏, 赵财()   

  1. 贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院,山地植物资源保护与保护种质创新教育部重点实验室,山地生态与农业生物工程协同创新中心,贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-20 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 赵财 E-mail:zhaocai_11@163.com
  • 作者简介:石甜(1995—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物系统与进化生物学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2451-2号);贵州省生物学国内一流建设学科开放基金(GNYL[2017]009);贵州省教育厅教育部重点实验室开放课题(黔教合KY字[2019]033);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502604);贵州省中药材现代产业技术体系建设(GZCYTX-02)

Phylogeography of Medicinal and Edible Homologous Plant Allium macrostemon

Tian SHI, Zhongmei MO, Min WU, Cai ZHAO()   

  1. Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering(CICMEAB),College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2021-03-20 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-07-15
  • Contact: Cai ZHAO E-mail:zhaocai_11@163.com
  • About author:SHI Tian(1995—),female,master candidates,engaged in research of plant systems and evolutionary biology.
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou science and technology support project([2019]2451-2);Guizhou biology domestic first-class construction discipline opening fund(GNYL[2017]009);Key Laboratory Opening Project of Education Department of Guizhou Province ministry of Education(KY[2019]033);National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFC0502604);Construction of modern industrial technology system for Chinese medicinal materials in Guizhou Province(GZCYTX-02)

摘要:

对我国14个地区的药食同源植物薤白(Allium macrostemon)的叶绿体基因片段(psbA-trnH、rps16和trnL-F)与核基因片段(ITS)进行测序分析,揭示薤白的遗传变异分布式样、单倍型地理分布格局,并推断其在第四纪冰期的避难所。结果表明:薤白叶绿体基因(cpDNA)遗传多样性低于核基因(nrDNA)遗传多样性(cpDNA:HT=0.868;nrDNA:HT=0.890)。cpDNA和nrDNA的分子变异分析(AMOVA)结果显示:薤白遗传变异主要发生在居群间(cpDNA:92.84%;nrDNA:98.40%),存在遗传分化(cpDNA:Nst=0.918,Gst=0.866,Fst=0.928;nrDNA:Nst=0.984,Gst=0.855,Fst=0.984),且Nst均大于Gst,表明该物种具有明显的谱系地理结构。在薤白居群中,共检测到11个叶绿体单倍型和14个nrDNA基因型;单倍型网络图及地理分布图表明,叶绿体单倍型H3、核DNA基因型H1频率最高,位于网络结构图的中心位置,可能为古老单倍型。此外,冰期避难所假说认为遗传多样性高、拥有古老单倍型和较多特有单倍型的区域可能是该物种的冰期避难所,因此推测薤白在第四纪冰期时可能在大盘山、天水和通化地区存在多个冰期避难所。这些分析可为类似草本植物的进化提供参考,丰富对东亚草本植物分子系统与生物地理学的认识。

关键词: 薤白, 居群, 谱系地理学, 遗传变异, 避难所

Abstract:

In order to reveal the distribution pattern of genetic variation and haplotype geographical distribution pattern of Allium macrostemon, and to infer the refugia in the quaternary glaciation, the chloroplast gene fragments(psbA-trnH, rps16 and trnL-F) and nuclear gene fragments(ITS) of A. macrostemon in 14 regions of China were analyzed respectively. The results showed that the genetic diversity of A. macrostemon chloroplast gene(cpDNA) was lower than that of nuclear gene(nrDNA) (cpDNA:HT=0.868; nrDNA:HT=0.890). The AMOVA analysis of cpDNA and nrDNA showed that the genetic variations occurred mainly among populations (cpDNA:92.84%; nrDNA:98.40%), there was significant genetic differentiation among populations(cpDNA:Nst=0.918,Gst=0.866,Fst=0.928;nrDNA:Nst=0.984,Gst=0.855,Fst=0.984), and had an obvious phylogeographical structure in A. macrostemon populations(Nst>Gst). A total of 11 chloroplast and 14 nuclear haplotypes were identified in the A. macrostemon populations. The haplotype network and geographical distribution map showed that the chloroplast haplotype H3 and nuclear DNA genotype H1 had the highest frequency and were located in the center of the network structure, which might be the ancient haplotype. In addition, the glacial refuge hypothesis suggested that the region with high genetic diversity, ancient haplotype and more endemic haplotype might be the glacial refugia of A. macrostemon. Therefore, it was speculated that in the quaternary glaciation, A. macrostemon might be multiple glacial refuges in Dapanshan, Tianshui and Tonghua. The analysis could provide references for the evolution of similar herbs and enrich our understanding of the molecular phylogeography of herbaceous plants in East Asia.

Key words: Allium macrostemon, population, phylogeography, genetic variation, glacial refugia

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