混合盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦的种子萌发和幼苗逆境生理特征

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.02.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解裸燕麦新品种‘定莜6号’对混合盐碱胁迫的生理响应，根据种植区土壤盐分的组成，采用砂培法研究了不同浓度混合盐碱处理对种子萌发和幼苗逆境生理特征的影响。结果表明，随着处理浓度增大，裸燕麦种子萌发率、萌发指数、活力指数及幼苗含水量和生物量明显下降，叶片超氧阴离子、过氧化氢和丙二醛含量及质膜相对透性显著增大；Na⁺含量增加，K⁺含量和K⁺/Na⁺降低，质膜H⁺-ATP酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性和可溶性蛋白质含量先升后降，超氧化物歧化酶活性及谷胱甘肽、有机酸和脯氨酸含量升高，过氧化氢酶活性和抗坏血酸含量降低，游离氨基酸含量先降后升，可溶性糖含量呈升—降—升趋势变化。表明盐碱胁迫下活性氧代谢失调和Na⁺、K⁺平衡破坏是裸燕麦生长受抑的重要原因，有机酸和脯氨酸可能是裸燕麦适应盐碱的主要渗透调节物质。

关键词: 裸燕麦, 混合盐碱胁迫, 种子萌发, 活性氧代谢, 渗透调节物质

Abstract: We studied the effects of salt-alkaline mixed stress on seeds germination, seedlings growth and leaf physiological characteristics of stress-resistance for the physiological response of a new naked oat(Avena nude) cultivar ‘Dingyou No 6’ to complex saline-alkali stress. A.nude seeds and seedlings were cultivated in sands with different complex saline-alkali solution addition according to soil salinity composition of the planting areas. Germination rate, germination index, vigor index of seeds, water content and dry weight of seedlings were significantly decreased, while the contents of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde and relative plasma membrane permeability in leaves were increased evidently with increasing of the complex saline-alkaline stress. The complex saline-alkaline stress increased significantly Na⁺ contents, but reduced K⁺ contents and K⁺/Na⁺. The activities of plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and soluble protein content in leaves of the seedlings exhibited a humped-curve, while superoxide dismutase activities and the contents of glutathione, organic acid and proline were significantly increased. Catalase activity and ascorbic acid content were decreased evidently, free amino acid content first decreased and then increased, and soluble sugar content demonstrated a rose at first, and then dropped at last rose again. The imbalance of active oxygen metabolism and the disturbance of Na⁺ and K⁺ homeostasis in leaves resulted in the inhibition of naked oat seedlings growth, and the organic acid and proline are two possible osmotic adjusting substances of naked oats that are adapted to complex salt-alkaline stress.

Key words: Avena nude, complex saline-alkali stress, seed germination, active oxygen metabolism, osmotic adjusting substance

刘建新1,2；王金成1,2；王瑞娟1,2；贾海燕1,2. 混合盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦的种子萌发和幼苗逆境生理特征[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(2): 224-231.

LIU Jian-Xin1,2；WANG Jin-Cheng1,2；WANG Rui-Jian1,2；JIA Hai-Yan1,2. Effects of Complex Saline-alkali Stress on Seed Germination and Stress-resistance Physiological Characteristics of Naked Oat Seedlings[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(2): 224-231.

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