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植物研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 191-199.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2015.02.006

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

白屈菜种子油脂体的发生与发育研究

    

  1. 1.北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京 100083;
    2.北京自然博物馆,北京 100050
  • 出版日期:2015-03-15 发布日期:2015-05-05
  • 基金资助:
     

Elaiosome Development in Chelidonium majus L. Seeds

    

  1. 1.College of Nature Reservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;
    2.Beijing Museum of Nature History,Beijing 100050
  • Online:2015-03-15 Published:2015-05-05
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 利用石蜡切片、电镜扫描和组织化学方法对罂粟科白屈菜种子油脂体的发生、发育过程及其内含物的化学成分进行了详细研究。研究结果表明:油脂体的发生时间较早,其原始细胞出现于胚珠的二核至四核胚囊阶段,起源位置为珠脊的最外层细胞,属于表皮起源类型。油脂体在胚珠受精前主要进行基部细胞的分裂,而在受精后则主要进行顶端细胞的伸长生长和膨大,以此来实现其体积的显著增大。油脂体的发生与胚珠受精没有关系,但其后期的生长发育有赖于受精胚珠的正常发育。油脂体内含物储藏成分为脂肪,脂肪的积累主要集中在种子近成熟阶段。从发生部位来看,白屈菜种子油脂体属于种阜的一种,其功能主要是吸引蚂蚁传播种子。

关键词: 白屈菜, 油脂体, 种子, 发育

Abstract: We investigated the initiation, development and reserves of elaiosome in Chelidonium majus L.(Papaveraceae) seeds by parafin sectioning, SEM and histochemical tests. The elaiosome develops very early and its initial cells originate from the outmost layer cell of raphe at the stage of two to four nucleus embryo sac, so it belongs to the epidermal origin. The divisions of basal cells of elaiosome mainly take place before fertilization, and the growth and expansion of top cells mainly occur after fertilizing, leading to the remarkable enlargement of the elaiosome size. The initiation of the elaiosome has no relation with the ovule fertilization, but a normal growth of the fertilized ovule is needed for the later proper development of the elaiosome. The only reserve of the elaiosome in mature seeds is fat and the fat accumulation mainly occurs at the stage of near seed maturation. The elaiosome of Ch.majus should be referred to as strophiole in term of its origin position and its main function is to attract ants to disperse the seeds.

Key words: Chelidonium majus L., elaiosome, seed, development

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