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植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 209-219.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.02.002

• 研究论文column:Original Paper • 上一篇    下一篇

兰香草花挥发性成分鉴定及其对访花昆虫行为的影响

何咏1, 乌芷静1, 张武凡2, 罗毅波3, 李睿思1, 王秋月1, 禹瑞敏1, 董树斌1(), 程瑾1()   

  1. 1.北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院/林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心/林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京 100083
    2.中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,北京 100093
    3.中国科学院植物研究所,植物多样性与特色经济作物全国重点实验室,北京 100093
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 董树斌,程瑾 E-mail:dongshubin@bjfu.edu.cn;chengjin@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:何咏(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物繁殖生态学研究。同等贡献作者。
    第一联系人:(何 咏、乌芷静并列第一作者)
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(BLX202317);战略科学家科技创新项目(KG20241031)

Identification of Floral Volatiles from Caryopteris incana and Their Regulatory Effects on Floral Visitors Behavior

Yong HE1, Zhijing WU1, Wufan ZHANG2, Yibo LUO3, Ruisi LI1, Qiuyue WANG1, Ruimin YU1, Shubin DONG1(), Jin CHENG1()   

  1. 1.National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083
    2.Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093
    3.State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093
  • Received:2026-01-26 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-02
  • Contact: Shubin DONG, Jin CHENG E-mail:dongshubin@bjfu.edu.cn;chengjin@bjfu.edu.cn

摘要:

为鉴定兰香草(Caryopteris incana)花挥发性成分,并探讨其对访花昆虫行为的影响,该研究采用英国皇家园艺学会标准比色卡(RHSCC)测定兰香草花色,利用吸附-溶剂洗脱法收集花气味,结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)鉴定花挥发性成分,通过人工观察统计兰香草的昆虫访花频次,并同步检测花粉活力与柱头可授性的动态变化。结果表明:(1)基于RHSCC的兰香草花色测定确定其色号为N88B深紫色。(2)兰香草花挥发性成分以萜类化合物为主,占77.25%,其次是酯类,占13.00%。相对含量最高的右旋-柠檬烯(36.80%)为兰香草主要特征性挥发物。(3)蜂类是兰香草最主要的访花类群,占比91%以上。其中,意大利蜜蜂(Apis melliferaligustica)是兰香草最主要的访花者,访花频次和其他访花昆虫相比存在极显著差异(P<0.001)。(4)兰香草花期约7 d,花粉在花开放后2 d和3 d具活性,柱头在花开放后5 d具可授性,显示出雌雄蕊异熟中雄蕊先熟的特性,有效减少自交传粉的发生。该研究为兰香草传粉生态学的深入研究提供重要参考。

关键词: 兰香草, 花挥发性成分, 访花昆虫, 花粉活力, 柱头可授性

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to identify the floral volatiles of Caryopteris incana and to explore their influence on the behavior of floral visitors. Flower color was measured with the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart(RHSCC), and floral volatiles were collected by adsorption-solvent desorption and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Concurrently, insect visitation frequency was recorded through manual observations, and temporal patterns of pollen viability and stigma receptivity were assessed using the TTC(2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) method and the benzidine-hydrogen peroxide assay, respectively. The results indicated that: (1)The flower color of C. incana was identified as strong violet (RHSCC N88B). (2)Terpenoids(77.25%) constituted the majority composition of floral volatiles in C. incana, followed by esters(13.00%). D-Limonene(36.80%) was the most abundant characteristic volatile. (3)Bees were the dominant floral visitors to C. incana, accounting for over 91% of all visitors. Among them, Apis mellifera ligustica was the most frequent species, with a visitation frequency significantly higher than that of all other insects(P<0.001). (4)The flowering period of C. incana lasted about 7 days. Pollen remained viable on the 2nd day and 3rd day and stigma had receptivity on the 5th day, demonstrating a protandrous(male-first) dichogamy that effectively reduces the potential for self-pollination. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the pollination ecology of C. incana.

Key words: Caryopteris incana, floral volatiles, floral visitors, pollen viability, stigma receptivity

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