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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 851-861.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.06.002

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国风铃木类植物叶性状表型变异与遗传多样性研究

张捷1, 李蓉蓉1,2, 孟景祥2(), 张勇2, 仲崇禄2   

  1. 1.东北林业大学园林学院,哈尔滨 150040
    2.中国林业科学研究院,热带林业研究所,热带林业研究实验室,广州 510520
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-18 出版日期:2021-11-20 发布日期:2021-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 孟景祥 E-mail:mengjingxiang1988@yahoo.com
  • 作者简介:张捷(1967—),男,博士,教授,主要从事园林植物资源及应用的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2020SY021)

Phenotypic Variation and Genetic Diversity of Leaves Traits of Tabebuia and Handroanthus(Bignoniaceace) in China

Jie ZHANG1, Rong-Rong LI1,2, Jing-Xiang MENG2(), Yong ZHANG2, Chong-Lu ZHONG2   

  1. 1.Northeast Forestry University,College of Landscape Architecture,Harbin 150040
    2.Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Tropical Forestry Research Laboratory,Guangzhou 510520
  • Received:2021-03-18 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: Jing-Xiang MENG E-mail:mengjingxiang1988@yahoo.com
  • About author:ZHANG Jie(1967—),male,professor,genetic resources and application of landscape plant.
  • Supported by:
    Specific Program for National Non-profit Scientific Institutions(CAFYBB2020SY021)

摘要:

风铃木类植物是世界著名的木本花卉,在我国的城市绿化、景观营造中发挥着重要作用。为全面了解我国东南、华南沿海地区风铃木的栽培种类和遗传多样性,构建可靠的表型鉴别方法,以中国林业科学研究院科院热带林业实验站内的6种风铃木试验种群为参照,通过对比18个叶表型性状在不同种间的遗传变异水平,筛选稳定的遗传鉴定性状,并对我国东南、华南沿海11个城市中的812株风铃木栽培林木进行遗传聚类分析。结果表明:①风铃木类植物的叶表型性状在种间及种内个体间均具有显著的差异,其中复叶长、小叶长、小叶宽、小叶长宽比、叶先端长宽比、叶缘、叶质地、叶被毛、小叶叶形9个叶表型性状的表型分化系数、种间重复力均超过了60%,表明这些性状在种间的变异有较高的遗传关联,能够作为风铃木类植物分类、鉴定标准。②我国东南、华南沿海地区常用的风铃木栽培林木共分4大类10种变异类型,其中,A类包含银鳞风铃木,B类包含有红花风铃木,紫花风铃木、洋红风铃木,C类群包含金花风铃木,D类群包含黄花风铃木。此外,B、C、D大类内的不同变异类型在叶形,叶大小,叶尖长、叶质地以及叶被毛上也存在非常明显的差异,反映出我国风铃木种群的现有遗传变异及种质多样性。本研究在种源对照试验的基础上探讨了叶表型性状在不同风铃木物种间的遗传变异,揭示了9个可靠的种间变异性状,并以此为参考对我国东南、华南沿海城市景观园林中风铃木类植物的遗传多样性进行评价。该研究结果将会为我国风铃木类植物的分类研究、栽培生产和推广应用提供参考。

关键词: 风铃木, 叶表型性状, 巢氏方差分析, 聚类分析, 变异分析

Abstract:

Tabebuia and Handroanthus species are famous woody plants in the world, which plays an important role in urban landscaping. To comprehensively understand the genetic diversity of cultivated species of Tabebuia and Handroanthus in China, as well as to establish a reliable phenotypic identification method, the phenotypic variation and genetic diversity of 18 leave traits among 6 species in total 812 individual trees cultivated in 11 cities in the southeast and south of China were analyzed respectively, and the 6 species(Tabebuia aurea, T. rosea, Handroanthus heptaphyllus, H.impetiginosus, H. chrysotrichus and H. chrysanthus) were compared as the control respectively and grown in Jianfengling Tropical Forestry Experimental Station, Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry. The results showed that: ①All the 18 phenotypic traits of species were significantly different among species and individual trees, and the phenotypic differentiation coefficient and interspecific repeatability of the 9 phenotypic traits, such as compound leaf length, leaflet length, leaflet width, leaflet length/width, leaf apex length/width, Leaf margin, leaf texture, leaf coat or not, leaf shape, were all over 60%, indicated that the high genetic correlation in interspecific variation and could be available taxonomy and genetic analysis of these species; ②The individual trees commonly cultivated in southeast China could be divided into 4 categories and 10 types, where the class A included T. aurea, the class B included H. heptaphyllus T. rosea, H. impetiginosus, the class Cincluded H. chrysotrichus and class Dincluded H. chrysanthus, respectively. Additionally, different types with class B, C, D are divergent in leaf shape, leaf size, leaf length, leaf texture, margin serrate state and coat, suggested a certain diversity variation of species. This study found 9 reliable traits available to species identification and evaluated the genetic diversity of species in urban landscape cultivated in southeast and south China. These results would provide reference for the future study in classification, cultivation, production and application of Tabebuia and Handroanthus species in China.

Key words: Tabebuia and Handroanthus species, leaf phenotypic traits, nest variance analysis, clustering analysis, variation analysis

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